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Serum IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with severe illness admitted in intensive care unit. Significantly, higher levels of IL-6 and serum ferritin were observed in patients receiving tocilizumab. A trend of increased IL-6 levels was observed immediately following the initiation of tocilizumab therapy followed by a drop thereafter. Conclusion We observed serum ferritin, D-dimer and CRP to accurately predict patients developing severe COVID-19 infections as well as those at risk of developing COVID pneumonia. A trend in IL-6 levels was observed in patients on tocilizumab therapy.Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly prevalent and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that is typically diagnosed in an advanced stage. Currently, there are no approved biomarkers that reliably identify PD patients before they have undergone extensive neuronal damage, eliminating the opportunity for future disease-modifying therapies to intervene in disease progression. This unmet need for diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers has fueled PD research for decades, but these efforts have not yet yielded actionable results. Recently, studies exploring mechanisms underlying PD progression have offered insights into multisystemic contributions to pathology, challenging the classic perspective of PD as a disease isolated to the brain. This shift in understanding has opened the door to potential new biomarkers from multiple sites in the body. this website This review focuses on emerging candidates for PD biomarkers in the context of current diagnostic approaches and multiple organ systems that contribute to disease.Aim In this study, we aimed to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers Parkinson's disease (PD) by exploring microarray gene expression data of PD patients. Materials & methods Differentially expressed genes associated with PD were screened from the GSE99039 dataset using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, followed by gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses, gene-gene interaction network analysis and receiver operator characteristics analysis. Results We identified two PD-associated modules, in which genes from the chemokine signaling pathway were primarily enriched. In particular, CS, PRKCD, RHOG and VAMP2 directly interacted with known PD-associated genes and showed higher expression in the PD samples, and may thus be potential biomarkers in PD diagnosis. Conclusion A DFG-analysis identified a four-gene panel (CS, PRKCD, RHOG, VAMP2) as a potential diagnostic predictor to diagnose PD.Aim To investigate the association between cardiovascular risk and biomarkers in patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods Cross-sectional study, with evaluation of traditional and new biomarkers (serum FGF-23, Syndecan-1 [Sdc-1] and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [VCAM-1] and urinary VEGF and kidney injury molecule-1 [KIM-1]) and risk scores (Framingham-FRS and UK Prospective Diabetes Study [UKPDS]). Results 128 diabetics were included, with predominance of high risk by FRS and low risk by UKPDS. There was an independent association of VCAM-1 and VEGF with higher risk by FRS-lipids and UKPDS. Conclusion There was an independent association of VCAM-1 and VEGF with higher cardiovascular risk, showing a subclinical endothelial dysfunction in T2DM. The inclusion of novel biomarkers to risk scores may increase accuracy when assessing cardiovascular risk of diabetic individuals.Background To assess the association between serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and mortality in intensive care unit patients. Materials & methods A total of 1981 patients in the eICU Collaborative Research Database were divided into four groups according to quartiles of LDH levels. Logistic regressions were performed. Results Elevated LDH levels were significantly associated with higher mortality (intensive care unit mortality Q2 vs Q1 1.046 [0.622-1.758]; Q3 vs Q1 1.667 [1.029-2.699]; and Q4 vs Q1 1.760 [1.092-2.839]). Similar results persisted in patients with different acute physiology and chronic health evaluation IV scores, and with or without sepsis. Conclusion The serum LDH level may aid in the early identification of mortality risk in critically ill patients.Huanglongbing (HLB), or citrus greening disease, is the most serious disease of citrus worldwide and is associated with plant infection by "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" (CLas) and other Liberibacter species. CLas is transmitted by Diaphorina citri, the Asian citrus psyllid, in a circulative propagative manner. Circulative propagative transmission is a complex process comprising at least three steps movement of the pathogen into vector tissues, translocation and replication of the pathogen within the vector host, and pathogen inoculation of a new host by the vector. In this work, we describe an excised leaf CLas acquisition assay, which enables precise measurements of CLas acquisition by D. citri in a streamlined lab assay. Briefly, healthy 4th and 5th instar D. citri nymphs acquire CLas from excised CLas-positive leaves, where the insects also complete their developmental cycle. CLas titer in the resulting adults is measured using qPCR and CLas-specific 16S rDNA gene primers. We observed positive correlations between CLas titer in each leaf replicate and the CLas titer that developed in the insects after acquisition (rs = 0.78, P = 0.0002). This simple assay could be used to detect CLas acquisition phenotypes and their underlying genotypes, facilitate assessment of plant factors that impact acquisition, and screen for compounds that interfere with CLas acquisition by delivering these compounds through the excised leaf.Quantum confinement leads to the emergence of several magnon modes in ultrathin layered magnetic structures. We probe the lifetime of these quantum confined modes in a model system composed of three atomic layers of Co grown on different surfaces. We demonstrate that the quantum confined magnons exhibit nonlinear decay rates, which strongly depend on the mode number, in sharp contrast to what is assumed in the classical dynamics. Combining the experimental results with those of linear-response density-functional calculations we provide a quantitative explanation for this nonlinear damping effect. The results provide new insights into the decay mechanism of spin excitations in ultrathin films and multilayers and pave the way for tuning the dynamical properties of such structures.