Overgaardburris2078

The effects of rutin, quercetin, and caffeic acid on protein oxidation in Cantonese sausage during 60 days of storage at room temperature (25 ± 1 °C) were investigated. The results showed that the three phenolic compounds played different roles in inhibiting the oxidation of sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar protein. All of them inhibited sarcoplasmic protein oxidation by retarding carbonylation, the conversion of SH to S-S groups, and the formation of dimeric tyrosine and Schiff bases, of which rutin is the most effective. For myofibrillar protein, all of them suppressed the conversion of SH to S-S groups, only caffeic acid inhibited the accumulation of Schiff bases instead of carbonyls while both quercetin and caffeic acid inhibited the formation of dimeric tyrosine. In addition, quercetin had an inverse dosage effect on the oxidation regulation of MP, 0.16 g/kg quercetin had better inhibit effect on protein oxidation than 0.32 g/kg quercetin.This study investigated the effect of the age of the animal, sous vide cooking and ageing on tenderness and water-holding capacity of bovine biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST). Samples of each muscle from young ( less then 18 months) and older (30-42 months) animals, at 0 and 13 days ageing, were cooked at 55 °C, 65 °C, and 75 °C for 1 h, 8 h and 18 h and tested for Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), cooking loss, total water content and collagen solubility. WBSF reduced with ageing (P less then 0.05) and sous vide cooking (P less then 0.001) in both muscles. Our results demonstrated that meat from older animals required a higher temperature (75 °C) and prolonged cooking (18 h) to achieve equal tenderness in both BF and ST relative to young animals. Cooking time, temperature and their interaction altered cooking loss (P less then 0.001) for both muscles. The higher cooking temperature increased collagen solubility (P less then 0.001) in both muscles and solubilisation of collagen may have contributed to improved tenderness of BF and ST in sous vide cooking.We estimated the discriminatory power of area of residence (census tract) on the prevalence of main risk factors for chronic diseases. Results, based on a sample of 21,007 participants from the 2011-2012 National Health Survey of Spain, show a differential influence of the geosocial environment on the four health risk factors. Accounting for census tracts substantially increases the discriminatory power regarding at-risk alcohol consumption, unbalanced diet, and leisure-time sedentarism but not tobacco consumption. However, the socioeconomic characteristics of the tracts played a minor role. Further research on the specific geosocial contextual variables explaining variability in these risk factors is necessary.

The Constipation Risk Assessment Scale (CRAS) is a valid tool for predicting the risk of developing constipation. This study aimed to translate the CRAS into Chinese and evaluate its psychometric properties in Chinese cancer patients.

The CRAS was translated into Chinese following standard forward- and back-translation procedures. Scale and item indices were calculated for content validity (S-CVI; I-CVI). In total, 175 cancer patients were assessed with the CRAS on the first day of antitumour treatment, of whom 145 were submitted to the predictive validity test, and their defecation pattern, stool consistency, and ease of defecation were assessed for one week. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to describe the prediction accuracy of CRAS-C for constipation. Reliability was evaluated by means of an interrater reliability test using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in 30 patients.

The S-CVI was 0.99, and for each item, the I-CVI was 0.80-1.00. selleck screening library The area under the curve of inese cancer patients.

This study examined Electronic Health Record (EHR) utilization among US substance use disorder (SUD) versus mental health (MH) treatment facilities.

Data from the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services and the National Mental Health Services Survey were used to examine differences in clinical and administrative utilization of EHR.

EHR use was significantly less common among SUD facilities compared to MH facilities for both non-exclusive (mixed computer and paper) and exclusive (paper-free) use. Fewer than 25 % of facilities of either type reported exclusive EHR use for core clinical activities (progress notes, laboratory monitoring, and prescriptions) with wide variability among states. Being an inpatient facility, having Joint Commission accreditation, being a private-for-profit, or a public facility were significantly positively associated with exclusive EHR use for core clinical activities; these associations were stronger among SUD facilities than MH facilities. Accepting Medicare was policy leverage points to expedite EHR adoption in these facilities.

Evidence on prospective bidirectional associations between e-cigarette and alcohol use among adolescents can inform prevention and policy but is largely absent from the literature.

Data were drawn from a prospective cohort of students attending 10 Los Angeles high schools (N = 3396; baseline mean age = 14.1, SD = 0.4). Students completed surveys every 6-months from 2013 to 2017; 8 total waves. Analyses were restricted to (a) individuals who were never users of alcohol (N = 2394) or (b) individuals who were never users of e-cigarettes (N = 2704) at baseline. Repeated-measures, generalized linear mixed models were used to estimate the adjusted odds of past 6-month alcohol and e-cigarette initiation, in separate models.

Among alcohol never-users at baseline, 15.7 % (N = 375) initiated alcohol use over the study period. Compared to never-users of e-cigarettes, those who reported use of e-cigarettes had 3.5 times the odds of subsequently initiating alcohol use in the following wave (OR = 3.54; 95 % CI 2.81, 4.47). Stronger associations were observed for males (OR = 4.94; 95 % CI 3.78, 6.45) than for females (OR = 3.21; 95 % CI 2.33, 4.41; p

 = 0.04). Among e-cigarette never-users at baseline, 26.3 % (N = 709) initiated e-cigarette use over the study period. Compared to never-users of alcohol, those who reported use of alcohol had 3.2 times the odds of subsequently initiating e-cigarette use in the following wave (OR = 3.23; 95 % CI 2.68, 3.89). This association did not differ by gender.

E-cigarette and alcohol use can be markers to identify youth at risk for future alcohol and e-cigarette use, respectively. Research examining mechanisms underlying these associations is needed to infer causality.

E-cigarette and alcohol use can be markers to identify youth at risk for future alcohol and e-cigarette use, respectively. Research examining mechanisms underlying these associations is needed to infer causality.