Outzenandresen8159

Computed tomography (CT) allows reproducible assessment of left ventricular (LV) function, left ventricular outflow tract area (LVOT

) and aortic valve area (AVA). We evaluated the influence of image reconstruction parameters on these measurements.

We analyzed 45 contrast-enhanced, retrospectively ECG-gated CT datasets acquired on a third-generation dual source system. A standard filtered-back-projection data set (20 cardiac phases (5% steps, 0-95%), 0.6-mm-slice thickness, 512 × 512 matrix) and eight reconstructions with modified slice thickness (1-8 mm), number of cardiac phases (5, 10), matrix size (256×256) and an iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithm were obtained. LV parameters (ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV), end-diastolic (EDV), end-systolic volumes (ESV)), LVOT

and AVA were assessed.

Differences in LV parameters, LVOT

and AVA, were only minimal between standard reconstructions and those with modified matrix size, IR algorithm and ≤2 mm slice thickness, while reconstructions with 8-mm slice thickness significantly overestimated SV (

< 0.001) and EDV (

= 0.016). AVA planimetry in reconstructions with ≥5 mm slice thickness was not feasible in 56% of patients. A decrease in the number of reconstructed phases (10 or 5) underestimated EF, SV, EDV, LVOT

and AVA and overestimated ESV.

Modifications of reconstruction parameters (except a slice thickness ≤2 mm) have only a marginal effect on LV, LVOT

and AVA assessment. However, a reduced number of reconstructions per cardiac cycle may significantly influence measurements.

Substantial modifications in number of reconstructions per cardiac cycle significantly affect the assessment of LV function, LVOT

and AVA also in modern CT scanners.

Substantial modifications in number of reconstructions per cardiac cycle significantly affect the assessment of LV function, LVOTarea and AVA also in modern CT scanners.[Figure see text].

Hip fracture patients have high morbidity and mortality. Crenolanib price Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) assess the quality of care of patients with hip fracture, including those with chronic cognitive impairment (CCI). Our aim was to compare PROMs from hip fracture patients with and without CCI, using the Norwegian Hip Fracture Register (NHFR).

PROM questionnaires at four months (n = 34,675) and 12 months (n = 24,510) after a hip fracture reported from 2005 to 2018 were analyzed. Pre-injury score was reported in the four-month questionnaire. The questionnaires included the EuroQol five-dimension three-level (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire, and information about who completed the questionnaire.

Of the 34,675 included patients, 5,643 (16%) had CCI. Patients with CCI were older (85 years vs 81 years) (p < 0.001), and had a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification compared to patients without CCI. CCI was unrelated to fracture type and treatment method. EQ-5D index scores were lower in patients with CCI after four months (0.37 vs 0.60; p < 0.001) and 12 months (0.39 vs 0.64; p < 0.001). Patients with CCI had lower scores for all dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L pre-fracture and at four and 12 months.

Patients with CCI reported lower health-related quality of life pre-fracture, at four and 12 months after the hip fracture. PROM data from hip fracture patients with CCI are valuable in the assessment of treatment. Patients with CCI should be included in future studies. Cite this article

2021;2(7)454-465.

Patients with CCI reported lower health-related quality of life pre-fracture, at four and 12 months after the hip fracture. PROM data from hip fracture patients with CCI are valuable in the assessment of treatment. Patients with CCI should be included in future studies. Cite this article Bone Jt Open 2021;2(7)454-465.

To explore the feasibility of Vector-Field DXR (VF-DXR) using optical flow method (OFM).

Five healthy volunteers and five COPD patients were studied. DXR was performed in the standing position using a prototype X-ray system (Konica Minolta Inc., Tokyo, Japan). During the examination, participants took several tidal breaths and one forced breath. DXR image file was converted to the videos with different frames per second (fps) 15 fps, 7.5 fps, five fps, three fps, and 1.5 fps. Pixel-value gradient was calculated by the serial change of pixel value, which was subsequently converted mathematically to motion vector using OFM. Color-coding map and vector projection into horizontal and vertical components were also tested.

Dynamic motion of lung and thorax was clearly visualized using VF-DXR with an optimal frame rate of 5 fps. Color-coding map and vector projection into horizontal and vertical components were also presented. VF-DXR technique was also applied in COPD patients.

The feasibility of VF-DXR was demonstrated with small number of healthy subjects and COPD patients.

A new Vector-Field Dynamic X-ray (VF-DXR) technique is feasible for dynamic visualization of lung, diaphragms, thoracic cage, and cardiac contour.

A new Vector-Field Dynamic X-ray (VF-DXR) technique is feasible for dynamic visualization of lung, diaphragms, thoracic cage, and cardiac contour.

Arthroplasty has become increasingly popular to treat end-stage ankle arthritis. Iatrogenic posterior neurovascular and tendinous injury have been described from saw cuts. However, it is hypothesized that posterior ankle structures could be damaged by inserting tibial guide pins too deeply and be a potential cause of residual hindfoot pain.

The preparation steps for ankle arthroplasty were performed using the Infinity total ankle system in five right-sided cadaveric ankles. All tibial guide pins were intentionally inserted past the posterior tibial cortex for assessment. All posterior ankles were subsequently dissected, with the primary endpoint being the presence of direct contact between the structure and pin.

All pin locations confer a risk of damaging posterior ankle structures, with all posterior ankle structures except the flexor hallucis longus tendon being contacted by at least one pin. Centrally-aligned transcortical pins were more likely to contact posteromedial neurovascular structures.

These findings support our hypothesis that tibial guide pins pose a considerable risk of contacting and potentially damaging posterior ankle structures during ankle arthroplasty.