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2 years; nonfrequent users 53.4 years; p  less then  0.01) and required immediate and mental health care more frequently (18.6% of high-frequency users, 17.4% of frequent users, 13.5% of nonfrequent users, and 6.6%; 3.3%, 2.3%; p  less then  0.01). High-frequency users also used the ED for nonurgent reasons more than remaining groups (6.1%, 3.5%, 3.1%; p  less then  0.01). CONCLUSION High-frequency users are an aged and heterogeneous group, requiring tailored interventions to improve care. PURPOSE Ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is a fixed-dose combination antibiotic approved in Europe and the United States for patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia, including ventilator-associated pneumonia (HAP/VAP). The economic benefits of a new drug such as CAZ-AVI are required to be assessed against those of available comparators, from the perspective of health care providers and payers, through cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses. The objective of this analysis was to compare the cost-effectiveness of CAZ-AVI versus meropenem in the empirical treatment of appropriate hospitalized patients with HAP/VAP caused by gram-negative pathogens, from the perspective of publicly funded health care in Italy (third-party perspective, based on the data from the REPROVE (Ceftazidime-Avibactam Versus Meropenem In Nosocomial Pneumonia, Including Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia) clinical study; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01808092). METHODS A patient-level, sequential simulation model of the HAP/VAP clinical course al total cost of €1254 ($1401) per patient, and the estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was €3581 ($4000) per QALY gained, well below the willingness-to-pay threshold of €30,000 ($33,507) per QALY in Italy. IMPLICATIONS The model results showed that CAZ-AVI is expected to provide clinical benefits in hospitalized patients with HAP/VAP in Italy at an acceptable cost compared to meropenem. (Clin Ther. 2020; 42XXX-XXX) © 2020 Elsevier Inc. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the degree of conversion, light transmittance, and depth of cure of two experimental light-curable bioactive glass (BG)-containing composite series based on different resin systems. METHODS Experimental composite series based on either Bis-EMA or UDMA resin were prepared. Each series contained 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40wt% of BG 45S5. Reinforcing fillers were added up to a total filler load of 70wt%. The degree of conversion was evaluated using Raman spectroscopy, while light transmittance was measured using visible light spectroscopy. selleck chemicals llc The depth of cure was estimated from the degree of conversion data and using the ISO 4049 scraping test. RESULTS Replacement of reinforcing fillers with BG can diminish the degree of conversion, light transmittance, and depth of cure. The effect of BG on the aforementioned properties was highly variable between the experimental series. While in the Bis-EMA series, the degree of conversion was significantly impaired by BG, all of the composites in the UDMA series attained clinically acceptable degree of conversion values. The reduction of the degree of conversion in the Bis-EMA series occurred independently of the changes in light transmittance. The UDMA series showed better light transmittance and consequently higher depth of cure than the Bis-EMA series. The depth of cure for all composites in the UDMA series was above 2mm. SIGNIFICANCE While the Bis-EMA series demonstrated clinically acceptable curing potential only for 0-10wt% of BG loading, an excellent curing potential in the UDMA series was observed for a wide range (0-40wt%) of BG loadings. OBJECTIVES This paper provides an overview of existing applications and concepts of robotic systems and artificial intelligence in dentistry. This review aims to provide the community with novel inputs and argues for an increased utilization of these recent technological developments, referred to as Dentronics, in order to advance dentistry. METHODS First, background on developments in robotics, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are reviewed that may enable novel assistive applications in dentistry (Sec A). Second, a systematic technology review that evaluates existing state-of-the-art applications in AI, ML and robotics in the context of dentistry is presented (Sec B). RESULTS A systematic literature research in pubmed yielded in a total of 558 results. 41 studies related to ML, 53 studies related to AI and 49 original research papers on robotics application in dentistry were included. ML and AI have been applied in dental research to analyze large amounts of data to eventually support dental decision making, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment planning with the help of data-driven analysis algorithms based on machine learning. So far, only few robotic applications have made it to reality, mostly restricted to pilot use cases. SIGNIFICANCE The authors believe that dentistry can greatly benefit from the current rise of digital human-centered automation and be transformed towards a new robotic, ML and AI-enabled era. In the future, Dentronics will enhance reliability, reproducibility, accuracy and efficiency in dentistry through the democratized use of modern dental technologies, such as medical robot systems and specialized artificial intelligence. Dentronics will increase our understanding of disease pathogenesis, improve risk-assessment-strategies, diagnosis, disease prediction and finally lead to better treatment outcomes. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this work was to explore the enhancement effect of zinc doped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Zn-MSNs), which could form micromechanical interlocking with resin matrix and sustainably release Zn2+, on the mechanical and antibacterial properties of the dental resin composites. METHODS Zn-MSNs were prepared by a sol-gel method, and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N2 adsorption/desorption. The mechanical properties of the dental composites reinforced by Zn-MSNs were measured by a universal mechanical testing machine. Antibacterial activities of dental composites were evaluated by both qualitative and quantitative analysis using Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). The cytotoxicity of the Zn-MSNs filled dental composites was investigated by osteoblasts (OBs). RESULTS The synthesized Zn-MSNs possessed good monodispersity with an average particle size of about 138nm. The mechanical properties of the composites gradually increased with the increase of the content of Zn-MSNs. The flexural strength, flexural modulus, compressive strength and micro-hardness of the composites containing 15wt% Zn-MSNs were 31.21%, 50.47%, 53.83% and 26.79% higher than the samples with no Zn-MSNs, respectively. The antibacterial performance was significantly improved by the addition of Zn-MSNs and the antibacterial rate of the composite with 15wt% of Zn-MSNs reached 100%. Cytotoxicity tests revealed that all the composites were biocompatible during OBs incubation. SIGNIFICANCE The prepared Zn-MSNs can effectively improve the mechanical and antibacterial properties of the dental resin composites. OBJECTIVE To evaluate long-term oncological outcomes and the added value of sentinel lymph node sampling (SLN) compared to pelvic lymph node dissection (LND) in patients with endometrial cancer (EC). METHODS During the evaluation phase of SLN for EC, we performed LND and SLN and retrospectively compared the oncologic outcome with the immediate non-overlapping historical era during which patients underwent LND. RESULTS From 2007 to 2010, 193 patients underwent LND and from December 2010 to 2014, 250 patients had SLN mapping with completion LND. Both groups had similar clinical characteristics. During a median follow-up period of 6.9 years, addition of SLN was associated with more favorable oncological outcomes compared to LND with 6-year overall survival (OS) of 90% compared to 81% (p = 0.009), and progression free survival (PFS) of 85% compared to 75% (p = 0.01) respectively. SLN was associated with improved OS (HR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.8, p = 0.004), and PFS (HR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9, p = 0.03) in a multivariable analysis, adjusted for age, ASA score, stage, grade, non-endometrioid histology, and LVSI. Patients who were staged with SLN were less likely to have a recurrence in the pelvis or lymph node basins compared to patients who underwent LND only (6-year recurrence-free survival 95% vs 90%, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION Addition of SLN to LND was ultimately associated with improved clinical outcomes compared to LND alone in patients with endometrial cancer undergoing surgical staging, suggesting that the data provided by the analysis of the SLN added relevant clinical information, and improved the decision on adjuvant therapy. Ultrasound (US) is currently the standard approach for the initial evaluation of fetal anatomy and maternal conditions during pregnancy; however, fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has now become a valuable adjunct to US in confirming/excluding suspected abnormalities and in the detection of additional abnormalities, thus changing the outcome of pregnancy and optimising perinatal management. MRI is a non-invasive diagnostic examination that does not involve ionising radiation and has no known associated negative side effects or reported delayed sequela according to the Safety Committee of the Society for MRI. The main drawback of MRI is fetal motion. The development of fast MRI sequences has significantly decreased fetal motion artefacts allowing the evaluation of the highly mobile fetus. Single-shot fast spin-echo (SSFSE) T2-weighted imaging is a standard sequence. T1-weighted sequences are primarily used to demonstrate haemorrhage, fat, and calcification. Balanced steady-state free-precession (SSFP) sequences are beneficial in demonstrating fetal structures as well as the heart and vessels. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have important applications in fetal brain imaging. In this review, we illustrate a spectrum of structural abnormalities affecting the central nervous system and the spine. The aim of this article is to provide a practical approach for radiologists and clinicians to fetal MRI performance and interpretation. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There are multiple frailty detection tools, but they have not been specifically developed for the institutionalised population. The aim of this study is to ascertain at 3-year follow-up which tool predicts functional impairment and mortality most precisely. METHODS Longitudinal cohort study with 110 patients in Pamplona (Navarra)>65 years. Four frailty tools were applied (Fried Criteria, Rockwood Frailty Scale, FRAIL-NH and Imputed Fried Frailty Criteria). The power of the association between the scales and the results was assessed by linear regression and Cox's analyses. RESULTS 46.5% of the sample died during time to follow-up, 68% of whom died in their nursing home, with 43-month mean survival. Of the studied population, 71.3% showed disability at 3 years, especially the frail subjects. The robust patients had longer hospitalizations (m=3.4 days) than the frail. Imputed Fried and FRAIL-NH found statistically significant differences between groups for the variables studied. Imputed Fried Frailty Criteria showed a significant HR of death for the frail subjects (HR=3.