Oneilsalomonsen9551
Exercises focused on improving awareness of lumbar spine position and thoracic spine mobility. Participants returned for follow-ups after two and four weeks for instruction in exercise progression, which increased postural demand on the lumbar spine and upper extremities, and utilized closed-chain, multiplanar stability strategies.
Nine of 20 participants (45%) scored ≥2 on the TSPU at posttest. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, only 12 participants were able to complete all posttest outcome measures. No significant differences were noted in the remaining outcome measures. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that a multiplanar exercise approach, combining anti-extension and anti-rotation training, was beneficial for inducing trunk stability improvements in some active females.
2b.
2b.
Quidditch is a mixed-gender, full-contact sport founded in the USA in 2005, played worldwide by an estimated 25,000 players. It is one of the few mixed-gender full-contact sports, yet there remain few published studies regarding injury rates and patterns. A previous study suggested that the overall rate of injury in quidditch is in line with other contact sports, however raised concerns that female players were sustaining a higher rate of concussion when compared to male players.
To examine injury rates and injury patterns in UK quidditch athletes over the course of a single season.
Prospective epidemiological study.
Data were prospectively collected by professional first aid staff for the 2017-18 season spanning all major UK tournaments, involving 699 athletes. Anonymized player demographics were collected by an online survey. Time loss injury rates were measured per 1000 athletic exposures (AEs) and hours of play.
The overall time loss injury rate was 20.5 per 1000 hours or 8.0 per 1000 AEs. The combined rate of concussion was 7.3 per 1000 hours or 2.8 per 1000 AEs. There was no statistical difference between time loss injuries in males (20.9/1000 hours and 8.1/1000 AEs) and females (13.9/1000 hours and 5.4/1000 AEs) (p=0.30) and no statistical difference between concussion rates in males (n=7) and females (n=4) (p=0.60).
Total time loss injury rates in quidditch appear to be comparable with other full-contact sports such as football. The rate of concussions for both males and females appear higher when compared to other contact sports.
3.
3.
Ulnar collateral ligament injuries are rampant in the sport of baseball where kinetic chain impacts, stemming from misappropriation of stride length or changes that occur in competition due to fatigue, have not been evaluated for dynamic elbow stability effects.
To examine the relationship between clinical measures of grip strength and altered stride length in baseball pitchers. It is believed that shorter stride lengths would reduce grip strength in baseball pitchers.
Crossover Study Design.
A total of 19 uninjured pitchers (15 collegiate and 4 high school) (age 18.63 ± 1.67 years, height 1.84 ± 0.054 m, mass 82.14 ± 0.054 kg) threw two simulated 80-pitch games at ±25% of their desired stride length recorded by motion capture with two force plates and a radar gun to track each throw. A handheld grip dynamometer was used to record the mean change in grip strength after games from baseline measures. Pairwise comparisons at baseline and post-game denoted grip strength changes and dominant grip strength offsets for stride length conditions.
Subjects with shorter stride lengths revealed a significant decline in grip strength in the dominant arm from baseline (pre-game; 45.1 kg vs.post-game; 43.2 kg, p=0.017, ES=0.28), however all other tests involving dominant grip strength changes and offset analyses were not statistically different for under-stride and over-stride length conditions.
Clinical evaluation of grip strength has the potential to identify altered lower body mechanics and may be considered as a safe and effective monitoring strategy to integrate with motion capture in determining optimal stride lengths for baseball pitchers.
Level 3.
Level 3.
Limitations in passive hip range of motion (PROM) may negatively affect pitching mechanics in baseball pitchers. Understanding the relationships between PROM and mechanics can assist in the development of injury prevention protocols.
The purpose of this study was to examine the association of hip rotational PROM with pelvis and trunk rotation during pitching in high school baseball pitchers. Study Design Cross-sectional.
Twenty-five healthy high school baseball pitchers volunteered (15.9 ± 1.1 years; 180.4 ± 5.5 cm; 75.4 ± 9.3 kg). Seated passive hip internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) PROM were measured using a digital inclinometer. Total PROM was calculated (IR+ER). Pitching biomechanical data were collected with a 3-dimensional electromagnetic tracking system while pitchers threw fastballs. Simple linear regressions were performed to examine the association between hip IR, ER, and total PROM with pitching kinematics at foot contact including stride length, pelvis rotation, and trunk rotation.
Only one significant association in PROM and kinematics was observed. Drive leg hip IR PROM was associated with trunk rotation angle [F(1,24) = 4.936, p = 0.036], with an R
= 0.177. Drive leg total PROM was not associated trunk rotation angle [F(1,24) = 4.144, p = 0.053] with an R
= 0.153.
Increased drive leg hip IR PROM was associated with decreased trunk rotation towards home plate. LAdrenaline Hip total PROM and ER were not related to pitching mechanics.
2.
2.
Whereas ankle-foot injuries are ubiquitous and affect ~16% of military service-members, granularity of information pertaining to ankle sprain subgroups and associated variables is lacking. The purpose of this study was to characterize and contextualize the burden of ankle sprain injuries in the U.S. Military Health System.
This was a retrospective cohort study of beneficiaries seeking care for ankle sprains, utilizing data from the Military Health System Data Repository from 2009 to 2013. Diagnosis and procedural codes were used to identify and categorize ankle sprains as isolated lateral, isolated medial, concomitant medial/lateral, unspecified, or concomitant ankle sprain with a malleolar or fibular fracture. Patient characteristics, frequency of recurrence, operative cases, and injury-related healthcare costs were analyzed.
Of 30,910 patients included, 68.4% were diagnosed with unspecified ankle sprains, 22.8% with concomitant fractures, (6.9%) with isolated lateral sprains, (1.7%) with isolated medial sprains and 0.3% with combined medial/lateral sprains. Pertaining to recurrence, 44.2% had at least one recurrence. Sprains with fractures were ~2-4 times more likely to have surgery within one year following injury (36.2% with fractures; 9.7% with unspecified sprains) and had the highest ankle-related downstream costs.
Fractures were a common comorbidity of ankle sprain (one in five injuries), and operative care occurred in 16.4% of cases. Recurrence in this cohort approximates the 40% previously reported in individuals with first-time ankle sprain who progress to chronic ankle instability. Future epidemiological studies should consider reporting on subcategories of ankle sprain injuries to provide a more granular assessment of the distribution of severity.
3b.
3b.
Eccentric hamstring strength and hamstring/quadriceps strength ratios have been identified as modifiable risk factors of hamstring strains. Additionally, those strength and flexibility characteristics are commonly used as clinical tests to monitor progress of athletes with acute or chronic hamstring strains. Although hamstring strains are common among basketball athletes, normative values of knee strength and flexibility characteristics are scarce. Normative values for these athletes would be important in prevention and management of hamstring strains.
To establish quadriceps and hamstring isokinetic strength and flexibility values among high school basketball athletes and examine the effects of sex and age.
Cross-sectional research.
Isokinetic knee muscular strength (concentric quadriceps [QuadC], concentric hamstring [HamC], eccentric hamstring [HamE], and strength ratios ([HamC/QuadC and HamE/Quad]), flexibility of hip flexors and quadriceps during a Modified Thomas test, and flexibility of hip extr flexibility (
=0.105-0.164). There were no effects of age for any flexibility variables within male and female athletes (
=0.151-0.984).
The current results provide normative values for hamstring strength and flexibility in high school basketball athletes. These normative values may further assist sports medicine specialists to develop screening tests, interventions, and return-to-sport criteria in this population.
3B.
3B.
Despite the association between hip abduction weakness and non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, hip abduction strength is rarely considered in return to sport decision-making following ACL reconstruction (ACLR).
The purpose of this study was to compare self-reported function, objective functional test performance, and re-injury rates in patients with high (≥33%) versus low (<33% ) isometric hip abduction strength to body weight (BW) ratios when returning to activity following ACLR.
Cohort study.
Data were gathered from a single-surgeon database and included baseline demographics. Clinical outcomes were assessed at the time of release to activity and included self-reported outcomes and a functional testing battery. Isometric hip abduction strength was obtained using a handheld dynamometer. Groups were dichotomized into those with low vs high strength to BW ratios. Two-year follow-up was performed using the single assessment numeric evaluation (SANE). Data were analyzed using univariaon strength to body weight ratio may be beneficial in determining readiness to return to sport following ACL reconstruction.
Three prospective studies have provided conflicting evidence regarding the relationship between hip abduction strength and ACL injury. A clinical cut-point of hip abduction strengthBW ratio <35.4% has been suggested to identify athletes at risk of sustaining a non-contact ACL injury. To our knowledge no studies have examined isometric hip abduction strengthBW ratios in athletes attempting to return to sport following ACLR.
This study examines the potential for hip abduction strengthBW ratio to be included as an additional metric in return to sport testing batteries.
This study examines the potential for hip abduction strengthBW ratio to be included as an additional metric in return to sport testing batteries.
The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) is a clinical test that assesses landing biomechanics during a drop-jump task. Performance measures such as jump height, power, contact time and reactive strength index are used commonly in athletic populations. Comparing results from the LESS against these performance measures has not been reported in elite rugby union.
To report i.) normative LESS scores for elite rugby union players ii.) correlations between LESS scores and performance measures and iii.) differences in performance measures between LESS scoring groups. A secondary purpose was to report the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the LESS test when used in elite rugby union players. # Study DesignCross-sectional design.
Thirty-six male, elite rugby union players participated. Each participant completed three trials of the LESS and performance measures were recorded concurrently using the Optojump
. LESS trials were scored independently by the authors. Statistical analyses were used to confirm reliability, data normality, and between group differences (p<0.
