Oneilllewis2945

We study the impact of the mixing (LR mixing) between the standard model W boson and its hypothetical, heavier right-handed parter W_R on the neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ decay) rate. Our study is done in the minimal left-right symmetric model assuming a type-II dominance scenario with charge conjugation as the left-right symmetry. We then show that the 0νββ decay rate may be dominated by the contribution proportional to this LR mixing, which at the hadronic level induces the leading-order contribution to the interaction between two pions and two charged leptons. The resulting long-range pion exchange contribution can significantly enhance the decay rate compared to previously considered short-range contributions. Finally, we find that even if future cosmological experiments rule out the inverted hierarchy for neutrino masses, there are still good prospects for a positive signal in the next generation of 0νββ decay experiments.Overcoming the detrimental effect of disorder at the nanoscale is very hard since disorder induces localization and an exponential suppression of transport efficiency. Here we unveil novel and robust quantum transport regimes achievable in nanosystems by exploiting long-range hopping. We demonstrate that in a 1D disordered nanostructure in the presence of long-range hopping, transport efficiency, after decreasing exponentially with disorder at first, is then enhanced by disorder [disorder-enhanced transport (DET) regime] until, counterintuitively, it reaches a disorder-independent transport (DIT) regime, persisting over several orders of disorder magnitude in realistic systems. To enlighten the relevance of our results, we demonstrate that an ensemble of emitters in a cavity can be described by an effective long-range Hamiltonian. The specific case of a disordered molecular wire placed in an optical cavity is discussed, showing that the DIT and DET regimes can be reached with state-of-the-art experimental setups.The discrepancy between observations from γ-ray astronomy of the ^60Fe/^26Al γ-ray flux ratio and recent calculations is an unresolved puzzle in nuclear astrophysics. The stellar β-decay rate of ^59Fe is one of the major nuclear uncertainties impeding us from a precise prediction. The important Gamow-Teller strengths from the low-lying states in ^59Fe to the ^59Co ground state are measured for the first time using the exclusive measurement of the ^59Co(t,^3He+γ)^59Fe charge-exchange reaction. The new stellar decay rate of ^59Fe is a factor of 3.5±1.1 larger than the currently adopted rate at T=1.2  GK. Stellar evolution calculations show that the ^60Fe production yield of an 18 solar mass star is decreased significantly by 40% when using the new rate. Our result eliminates one of the major nuclear uncertainties in the predicted yield of ^60Fe and alleviates the existing discrepancy of the ^60Fe/^26Al ratio.It was established at the beginning of the 21st century that the critical resolved shear stress of small-sized (diameter from 50 nm to 10  μm) metallic crystals fabricated from bulk crystals increases drastically with decreasing specimen diameter. Dou and Derby [Scr. Mater. 61, 524 (2009)SCMAF71359-646210.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.05.012] showed that, the critical shear stresses of small-sized single crystals of various fcc metals obeyed a universal power law of specimen size with an exponent of -0.66. In this study, we succeeded in reproducing almost perfectly the above universal relation without any adjustable parameters, based on a deformation process controlled by the operation of single-ended dislocation sources.We identify the chaotic phase of the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian by the energy-resolved correlation between spectral features and structural changes of the associated eigenstates as exposed by their generalized fractal dimensions. The eigenvectors are shown to become ergodic in the thermodynamic limit, in the configuration space Fock basis, in which random matrix theory offers a remarkable description of their typical structure. selleck compound The distributions of the generalized fractal dimensions, however, are ever more distinguishable from random matrix theory as the Hilbert space dimension grows.We report on a demonstration of Ramsey interferometry by three-dimensional motion with a trapped ^171Yb^+ ion. We applied a momentum kick to the ion in a direction diagonal to the trap axes to initiate three-dimensional motion using a mode-locked pulse laser. The interference signal was analyzed theoretically to demonstrate three-dimensional matter-wave interference. This work paves the way to realizing matter-wave interferometry using trapped ions.We report the existence of stable dissipative light bullets in Kerr cavities. These three-dimensional (3D) localized structures consist of either an isolated light bullet (LB), bound together, or could occur in clusters forming well-defined 3D patterns. They can be seen as stationary states in the reference frame moving with the group velocity of light within the cavity. The number of LBs and their distribution in 3D settings are determined by the initial conditions, while their maximum peak power remains constant for a fixed value of the system parameters. Their bifurcation diagram allows us to explain this phenomenon as a manifestation of homoclinic snaking for dissipative light bullets. However, when the strength of the injected beam is increased, LBs lose their stability and the cavity field exhibits giant, short-living 3D pulses. The statistical characterization of pulse amplitude reveals a long tail probability distribution, indicating the occurrence of extreme events, often called rogue waves.Employing unbiased large-scale time-dependent density-matrix renormalization-group simulations, we demonstrate the generation of a charge-current vortex via spin injection in the Rashba system. The spin current is polarized perpendicular to the system plane and injected from an attached antiferromagnetic spin chain. We discuss the conversion between spin and orbital angular momentum in the current vortex that occurs because of the conservation of the total angular momentum and the spin-orbit interaction. This is in contrast to the spin Hall effect, in which the angular-momentum conservation is violated. Finally, we predict the electromagnetic field that accompanies the vortex with regard to possible future experiments.