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This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of HIV infection among people with disabilities (PWDs) in Burkina Faso. We carried out a cross-sectional study on level 3 and/or 4 disabled people. Identification of PWDs aged 15-69 years was done in households using the Washington Group (WG) Short questionnaire, following by HIV behavioural survey and HIV testing. Multi-level binary logistics Bayesian analysis was done to identify factor associated with HIV. In total, 973 PWDs were included in this study. HIV prevalence was 4.6% (3.3-6.1%). Independent factors associated with HIV infection were aged 35-44 years old (AOR 8.93; 95% CrI 3.57-18.89), had visual or hearing impairments (AOR 6.38; 95%CrI 1.95-15.44), no income (AOR6.11; 95% CrI 2.49-12.48), and had casual sex partners (AOR 6.28; 95% CrI 3.27-11.13). HIV prevalence is high compared to the general population. These data suggest a need for comprehensive and specific HIV prevention among people with disabilities, including awareness for safer sexual behaviours.In this study, a dual-band band-pass filter (BPF) is designed to separate the dual-wavelength emissions of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and fluorescence sodium (yellow dye). The dual-band BPF was investigated experimentally to improve its accuracy, speed, and energy efficiency in clinical settings. The possibility of dual fluorescence emissions with a single irradiation is proposed, which saves energy by producing 2 fluorescence diagnostic effects using a single piece of equipment.Interest in plant-based diets and vegetarianism is increasing worldwide, however, a concern for total vegetarians is vitamin B12 (B12) deficiency. We conducted a systematic review to investigate non-animal food sources of B12. Databases were PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane, Embase and Google Scholar, up to September 9, 2020. Quality of the eligible studies were assessed. We identified 25 studies which assessed B12 content in seaweeds, mushrooms, plants and fermented foods. Initial studies were microbiological bioassay, ELISA and HPLC. In the last decade, more sensitive method for real B12 determination was used, the liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry chromatograms. Real B12 content varied from mean (SD) mcg/portion size of seaweed hijiki 3 × 10-3/7 g to nori 1.03 - 2.68/sheet; mushroom white button cap 2 × 10-3(7 × 10-4)/20 g dry weight (dw) to shiitake 0.79(0.67)-1.12 (0.78)/20 g dw; and fermented foods from soy yogurt 20/cup. It is possible that daily recommendations for B12 can be met by a varied diet containing non-animal B12 food sources. Future research should consider different methods of storage, preparation, fermented foods and standardization of the production of certain foods.Since the outbreak of COVID-19, restrictions to minimize its spread have had a profound effect. Government instigated restrictions, such as social isolation, have affected millions worldwide, and the downstream consequences of perceived loneliness upon mental health and sleep are largely unknown. A total of 1662 individuals participated in an online survey. Loneliness, anxiety, and sleep quality were assessed using the UCLA Loneliness Scale, the Generalized Anxiety Disorders scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively. Higher levels of perceived loneliness, as well as each one-unit increase in anxiety, were independent predictors of poor sleep quality, where OR = 1.16 (95% CI 1.03-1.31) and 1.16 (1.11-1.21), respectively, and after adjustment. In our path analysis, we revealed significant direct effects between loneliness and sleep quality (β = 0.25, p less then .001), as well as generalized anxiety and sleep quality (β = 0.28, p less then .001), and generalized anxiety mediated the relationship between loneliness and sleep quality (β = 0.33, p less then .001). Heightened anxiety and perceived loneliness appear to be significant drivers of poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital media platforms that encourage support groups for those experiencing social isolation are encouraged, along with self-help and meditative practices, which may minimize an increase of mental health and sleep disorder diagnoses post COVID-19.The aim of the study is to determine the levels of death anxiety and death-related depression in the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample of the descriptive-relational study includes 344 elderly people registered in a family health center. It was determined that the most dreaded fear reported by the elderly who got COVID-19 infection was death, and there was a highly significant positive correlation between death anxiety and death-related depression ratings of the elderly and that as the average death anxiety score of the elderly rises, so does the degree of death-related depression.

Delivering requisite and minimal anesthesia for endovascular treatment (EVT) of dysfunctional arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) under the target nerve block can achieve reasonable analgesia. We evaluated the anesthetic efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided selective block of the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) during the EVT of runoff venous strictures in the forearm through the radiocephalic (RC)-AVF at the wrist or the anatomical snuff box and analyzed the factors inhibiting the analgesia achieved under the MCN block.

We enrolled 30 adult patients undergoing hemodialysis who had received 78 EVT sessions in an outpatient clinic mainly for long and/or multiple outflow-venous strictures in the forearm under US-guided blocks of the MCN, which provides sensory innervation to the anterolateral forearm where the cephalic vein courses. click here We assessed patients' pain during balloon dilations using the Wong-Baker FACES

Pain Rating Scale (WBFRS) and evaluated the factors increasing the pain (WBFRS score ⩾4), including patiente MCN could be a leading anesthetic option for EVT for multiple long stenoses of the cephalic vein draining through the RC-AVF in the wrist or anatomical snuff box.Illusory displacements in depth may be perceived in simple geometric configurations devoid of cues for spatial computation but also in real-world images where there is no shortage of information of this kind. Two of these different contexts drew the attention of vision scientists as sources of depth illusions the Kanizsa square and the images of statues that Catalano's created with a part missing. Similar depth alterations occur in both cases the portions of the background surrounded by "inducers" (pacmen or body parts) are perceived as coming to the foreground. These illusory effects appear more vivid and diverse in the real-world context leading to hypothesize an involvement of the figural complexity in the misperception. A check was carried out by testing the effects of the background articulation on the depth perception of the illusory Kanizsa square. It was confirmed that both background and inducers articulation enhance the phenomenon. A large set of Catalano's images was analyzed, looking for basic distorting sources along the torn contours. Several basic factors were found, but not enough to account for the complexity of this variegated, often paradoxical phenomenon.

La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha generado nuevas barreras a la acción comunitaria en salud, pero también ha potenciado el desarrollo de iniciativas ciudadanas para responder colectivamente a la crisis social y sanitaria. En este contexto se crea el Observatorio de Salud Comunitaria y COVID-19 (OBSCOMCOVID), un espacio en el que personas vinculadas a la salud comunitaria se encuentran para reflexionar sobre las claves de la acción comunitaria en el contexto actual y desarrollar modelos de trabajo para el futuro.

Recopilar los aprendizajes adquiridos sobre salud comunitaria en el contexto de la pandemia por profesionales implicados en el OBSCOMCOVID. Clarificar el rol profesional en el desarrollo de la Acción Comunitaria en tiempos de la COVID-19. Identificar líneas prioritarias de actuación en relación con la acción comunitaria en salud a futuro.

El material base de este estudio son los cuatro conversatorios realizados por el OBSCOMCOVID entre julio y agosto del 2020. En ellos participaron 21 profesionales debe priorizar las dinámicas de abogacía, potenciar las redes comunitarias y promover la formación.Purpose To examine the validity and reliability of the Thanatophobia Scale-Turkish Form among nurses. Design and methods This methodological study included 154 nurses. Content and construct validity, item analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and internal consistency were used to evaluate the data. Findings The content validity index of the scale was 0.91. Item-total score correlation values varied between 0.453 and 0.718. As a result of the confirmatory factor analyses, one factor was confirmed. Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient was 0.854. Practice Implications Thanatophobia Scale-Turkish Form is a valid and reliable tool used to evaluate the fear of death among nurses.The suspension of social services in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic increased the caregiver strain for families of adolescent children with intellectual disabilities, possibly aggravating their family relationships. This article reports on an online Multi-Family Group (MFG) conducted during the pandemic for Hong Kong Chinese families of adolescents affected by mild-to-moderate intellectual disabilities. A thematic analysis of the experiences of the participating service users revealed three positive effects of the intervention model improved family relationships, mutual helpful influences occurring among families, and a new understanding of family members with intellectual disabilities. The therapeutic group process used to promote family development is illustrated by a group vignette. The challenges and the practical considerations for conducting an MFG online are discussed.Although most parental discipline research examines the effects of discipline in children and adolescents, recent research has demonstrated that emerging adults continue to receive parental discipline. Importantly, a newly validated instrument for assessing discipline specifically during emerging adulthood has been created. Scales from this instrument include maternal and paternal approval, disappointment, and abuse, and these scales were associated with other parenting behaviors and psychological outcomes during emerging adulthood. However, a person-centered approach has not been conducted with this instrument. Given that discipline occurs at an idiographic level and that group norms inform such behaviors, a person-centered approach would identify highly informative emerging adult profiles based on patterns of discipline they receive from their parents. Thus, the current study utilized latent profile analysis (LPA) of 1110 participants attending a Southern United States university to identify emerging adult discipline profiles. These groups were then associated with parental and emerging adult psychological problems to gain an understanding of how these factors relate to different patterns of discipline across gender. Results best supported four profiles labeled as approving, distant, disappointed, and abusive. These groups reported increasingly higher parental and personal psychological problems across approving, distant, disappointed, and abusive profiles. Gender moderated some of these effects. Implications and future directions are discussed.