Oglemccallum2775

VPM1002BC is a genetically modified Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strain with potentially improved immunogenicity and attenuation.

To report on the efficacy, safety, tolerability and quality of life of intravesical VPM1002BC for the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) recurrence after conventional BCG therapy.

We designed a phase 1/2 single-arm trial (NCT02371447). Patients with recurrent NMIBC after BCG induction ± BCG maintenance therapy and intermediate to high risk for cancer progression were eligible.

Patients were scheduled for standard treatment of six weekly instillations with VPM1002BC followed by maintenance for 1 yr. Treatment was stopped in cases of recurrence.

The primary endpoint was defined as the recurrence-free rate (RFR) in the bladder 60 wk after trial registration. The sample size was calculated based on the assumption that ≥30% of the patients would be without recurrence at 60 wk after registration.

After exclusion of two ineligible pate therapy is safe and well tolerated.

We conducted a trial of VPM100BC, a genetically modified bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strain for treatment of bladder cancer not invading the bladder muscle. At 1 year after the start of treatment, almost half of the patients with a recurrence after previous conventional BCG were free from non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The results are encouraging and VPM1002BC merits further evaluation in randomised studies for patients with NMIBC.

We conducted a trial of VPM100BC, a genetically modified bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strain for treatment of bladder cancer not invading the bladder muscle. At 1 year after the start of treatment, almost half of the patients with a recurrence after previous conventional BCG were free from non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The results are encouraging and VPM1002BC merits further evaluation in randomised studies for patients with NMIBC.

We hypothesize that prediagnosis physical activity (PA) levels of breast cancer patients are below those of a reference population without breast cancer. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare prediagnosis PA levels (including total-, occupational-, sport- and household activity levels) of breast cancer patients with activity levels of a reference population.

Female patients with primary breast cancer (n=265) filled in the Flemish Physical Activity Computerized Questionnaire (FPACQ) the day before surgery recalling the year before diagnosis. PA levels were expressed as Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) values. Smooth reference curves of PA levels were estimated in a representative sample of 3466 women without breast cancer with the LMS method, which allowed comparison of prediagnosis PA data of the breast cancer sample with this reference.

Compared to women without breast cancer, total PA levels were significantly lower in the year prior to breast cancer diagnosis over all age groups (Mean ± SD z-scores (95% CI)=-1.51 ± 1.86 (-1.74 to -1.29)). More specifically, household PA levels of breast cancer patients were significantly lower between ages 40-60, while occupational PA levels were significantly higher in this age group. No differences were found between sports PA levels.

Patients with breast cancer show significantly lower total PA levels during the year prior to surgery compared to a reference population. Especially household activity levels are lower in patients between ages 40 and 60. Given this, a return to prediagnosis PA levels may not be sufficient for protection from disease in the future.

Patients with breast cancer show significantly lower total PA levels during the year prior to surgery compared to a reference population. see more Especially household activity levels are lower in patients between ages 40 and 60. Given this, a return to prediagnosis PA levels may not be sufficient for protection from disease in the future.The skin is the largest organ and has a key protective role. Similar to any other tissue, the skin is influenced not only by intrinsic/chronological aging, but also by extrinsic aging, triggered by environmental factors that contribute to accelerating the skin aging process. Aged skin shows structural, cellular, and molecular changes and accumulation of senescent cells. These senescent cells can induce or accelerate the age-related dysfunction of other nearby cells from the skin, or from different origins. However, the extent and underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this opinion, we discuss the possible relevant role of skin senescence in the induction of aging phenotypes to other organs/tissues, contributing to whole-body aging. Moreover, we suggest that topical administration of senolytics/senotherapeutics could counteract the overall whole-body aging phenotype.NF-κB signaling pathways, induced by a variety of triggers, play a key role in regulating the expression of genes involved in the immune response and cellular responses to stress. The human pathogen Helicobacter pylori induces classical and alternative NF-κB signaling pathways via its effector ADP-L-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose (ADP-heptose). We review H. pylori- and NF-κB-dependent alterations in cellular processes and associated maladaptation leading to deleterious gastric pathophysiology that have implications for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric diseases. Therapeutic options for gastric cancer (GC) include clinically relevant small molecule inhibitors of NF-κB and epigenetic therapy approaches. In this context, gastric organoid biobanks originated from patient material, represent a valuable platform for translational applications to predict patient responses to chemotherapy, with a view to personalized medicine.

Some women who intend to breastfeed experience a breastfeeding aversion response (BAR) while breastfeeding.

Little is known about the experience of those who have feelings of aversion while breastfeeding.

This study aimed to investigate the experiences of women who have an aversion response to breastfeeding while their infant is latched at the breast. This is the first study that aims to understand this breastfeeding aversion response (BAR) as described by women who experience this phenomenon.

Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to conduct and analyse ten semi-structured in-depth interviews with women who self-identified as experiencing BAR.

Four overarching themes were identified (1) Involuntary, strong sensations of aversion in response to the act of breastfeeding, (2) Internal conflict and effects on maternal identity, (3) The connection between BAR and relationships with others, and (4) Reflections on coping with BAR and building resilience.

Some women who intend to breastfeed can experience BAR, and this negative sensation conflicts with their desire to breastfeed. BAR can impact on maternal wellbeing. Those who experience BAR may benefit from person-centred support that directly addresses the challenges associated with BAR to achieve their personal breastfeeding goals.

The experience of BAR is unexpected and difficult for mothers. If support is not available, BAR can have detrimental effects on maternal identity, mother-child bonds, and intimate family relationships.

The experience of BAR is unexpected and difficult for mothers. If support is not available, BAR can have detrimental effects on maternal identity, mother-child bonds, and intimate family relationships.The current evidence favours trial of labour after one caesarean in the absence of any other contraindications, recognizing that risks with both trial of labour after caesarean (TOLAC) and elective repeat caesarean section (ERCS) birth are relatively uncommon. When the need for induction of labour (IOL) following a previous caesarean arises, shared decision-making should be based on the current available evidence. This approach, however, needs to be tailored, taking into account the individual's history, initial examination and response to the ongoing process of induction to optimize the maternal and foetal outcomes. This paper aims to review the evidence and provide guidance on decision making surrounding labour induction in a pregnancy following a prior caesarean or uterine surgery.

The association between bariatric surgery and new onset of inflammatory bowel disease has so far only been sparsely studied and with conflicting results.

To investigate the association between bariatric surgery and inflammatory bowel disease in a large population-based cohort.

Nationwide in Sweden.

This population-based retrospective cohort study included Swedish individuals registered in the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry who underwent primary Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy during 2007-2018. Ten control individuals from the general population were matched according to age, sex, and region of residence at time of exposure. The study population was followed until 2019 with regard to the development of inflammatory bowel disease. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare disease-free survival time between subgroups and control individuals for each outcome.

The final cohort consisted of 64,188 exposed individuals with a total follow-up of 346,860 person-years and 634,5itis only.

Error in interpretation of trauma radiographs by referrers is a problem which has detrimental effects on the patient and causes unnecessary repeat attendances. Radiographers can reduce errors by offering their opinion at the time of imaging. The Society and College of Radiographers have a longstanding recommendation that Red Dot (RD) schemes should be replaced by Preliminary Clinical Evaluation (PCE). The purpose of the study was to evaluate radiographer interpretation of skeletal trauma radiographs in clinical practice, determine if there was any difference in ability to interpret appendicular and axial studies, and evaluate appropriateness of PCE implementation.

A convenience sample of 23 self-selecting radiographers provided RD and PCE on 762 examinations. Each case was compared against the verified report and assigned a true negative/positive or false negative/positive value. Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were calculated and performance measures between RD versus PCE, and appendicular versus assity for local axial image interpretation training.

This study supports local PCE implementation, contributes to the wider evidence base to justify transition towards PCE and identifies the necessity for local axial image interpretation training.Under natural environmental conditions, changes in light intensity and temperature are closely interwoven, and of all organelles, only chloroplasts react strongly upon alterations of these two parameters. We review increasing evidence indicating that changes in chloroplast metabolism are critical for the comprehensive cellular answer in a challenging environment. This cellular answer starts with rapid modifications of thylakoid-located processes, followed by modifications in the stroma and transport activities across the chloroplast envelope. We propose that the 'modulators' involved contribute to plant stress tolerance and that deciphering of their characteristics is essential to understand 'acclimation'. Especially in times of climatic changes, we must gain knowledge on physiological reactions that might become instrumental for directed breeding strategies aiming to develop stress-tolerant crop plants.