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The Malaria Drug Accelerator (MalDA) is a consortium of 15 leading scientific laboratories. The aim of MalDA is to improve and accelerate the early antimalarial drug discovery process by identifying new, essential, druggable targets. In addition, it seeks to produce early lead inhibitors that may be advanced into drug candidates suitable for preclinical development and subsequent clinical testing in humans. By sharing resources, including expertise, knowledge, materials, and reagents, the consortium strives to eliminate the structural barriers often encountered in the drug discovery process. Here we discuss the mission of the consortium and its scientific achievements, including the identification of new chemically and biologically validated targets, as well as future scientific directions.

Bariatric surgery leads to an improvement in hyperlipidemia and a subsequent decline in the use of hyperlipidemia-related medications, including statins. In patients with a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), it is recommended to continue statins; however, it is unknown whether there is a differential risk for statin discontinuation in patients with and without a history of ASCVD.

To estimate the rates and factors associated with statin discontinuation following bariatric surgery.

Large U.S. administrative claims database of privately insured beneficiaries, January 2005 through December2017.

We identified patients aged ≥19 years who were statin users at the time of bariatric surgery. Patients were stratified into primary prevention and secondary prevention (patients with a history of ASCVD) groups. Time to statin discontinuation was defined as the first 90-day gap after exhausting the last day's supply of the last statin prescription. Factors associated with statin discontinuation were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.

We identified 19,332 statin users at the time of bariatric surgery, of whom 84% (16,221) used statins for primary prevention. At 6 months, 62% and 53% of patients in the primary and the secondary prevention treatment groups, respectively, discontinued statin use. Patients in the primary prevention treatment group were 18% more likely to discontinue statin therapy compared with the patients in the secondary prevention treatment group (hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.24) according to a multivariable analysis.

Our findings suggest that the rate of discontinuation of statin therapy after bariatric surgery was more pronounced in the primary versus secondary prevention treatment group.

Our findings suggest that the rate of discontinuation of statin therapy after bariatric surgery was more pronounced in the primary versus secondary prevention treatment group.

Obesity is a multifactorial disease characterized by fat accumulation, usually associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which can lead to advanced fibrosis or even cirrhosis. Bariatric surgery (BS) is a treatment approved for weight loss in morbidly obese patients. However, complications from this modality of treatment have been reported and liver cirrhosis connotes more risk procedure.

Evaluate non-invasive methods transient elastography (THE) and scores to establish the degree of liver fibrosis in patients submitted to BS, comparing their performance with liver histology.

We calculated liver fibrosis by non-invasive scores AST to platelet ration index (APRI), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) score and THE before and 6 months after the bariatric surgery. The results were compared to liver histology.

We included 85 patients, 69.4% females, with a mean age of 36 years, with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 41 kg/m

. The non-invasive scores were able to exclude clinically significant fibrosis in 85.9% (APRI) and advanced fibrosis in 96.5% (FIB-4) and 51.8% (NAFLD score). BB-94 solubility dmso When comparing with the histological findings, the correlation with elastography was 45.9% for the same degree of fibrosis, with high negative predictive value (94.4%) in pre-surgical analysis. In the post-surgical analysis, the correlation with histology was 69.4% for THE and the negative predictive value to exclude clinically significant fibrosis was 98.5%.

THE showed low correlation with histology in the pre-surgical analysis. All the methods had better results in post bariatric evaluation comparing with pre-bariatric data and the non-invasive FIB-4 score showed the best of them.

THE showed low correlation with histology in the pre-surgical analysis. All the methods had better results in post bariatric evaluation comparing with pre-bariatric data and the non-invasive FIB-4 score showed the best of them.

Current treatments for myelofibrosis (MF) are largely palliative, with the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib being the breakthrough approved for higher-risk patients by the United States Food and Drug Administration in November 2011. There are limited data on the "real-world" clinical experiences among patients with MF who are treated in the JAK inhibitor era.

We evaluated patterns of care for older patients with MF before and after ruxolitinib approval, using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare database. Treatment patterns were assessed using Medicare part B and D claims.

This study included 528 patients diagnosed during 2007 to 2015, with a median age at diagnosis of 76 years. Among 298 patients diagnosed in the ruxolitinib era (2012-2015), 113 (37.9%) were ruxolitinib users. Similar numbers of users started ruxolitinib at 5, 10, 15, or 20 milligrams twice a day (BID). Among 31 patients starting at 5 milligrams BID or less, 48.4% were unable to escalate the dose, and< 11 userscould increase the dose to the maximum 25 mg BID. Approximately one-half of ruxolitinib users took hydroxyurea and/or prednisone simultaneously with ruxolitinib. The median time on ruxolitinib was 11.9 months (interquartile range, 4.2-21.7 months).

It would be important to optimize the use of ruxolitinib and develop new drugs that may be administered together with or after ruxolitinib to accomplish better outcomes in older patients with MF.

It would be important to optimize the use of ruxolitinib and develop new drugs that may be administered together with or after ruxolitinib to accomplish better outcomes in older patients with MF.