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vertriage rate to 50% in this United Kingdom cohort. Further prospective research is needed to determine whether the model can be practically implemented by paramedics and is cost-effective.

To compare the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status Classification used in two prediction models for 30-day mortality after hip fracture surgery.

Data from 3651 patients (mean age 83 years) from a Norwegian University Hospital were retrospectively obtained and randomly divided into two cohorts a model cohort (n=1825) to develop two prediction models with CCI and ASA as the main predictors, and a validation cohort (n=1826) to assess the predictive ability of both models. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve determined the best model to predict mortality.

Area under the ROC curve at 30 days was 0.726 (p=0.988) for both the CCI- and ASA-model. The chosen cut-off-points on the ROC curve for CCI- and ASA-model corresponded to similar model sensitivities of 0.657 and specificities of 0.680 and 0.679, respectively. Hence, each model predicts correctly 66% (n=96) of the mortalities and 68% (n=1132 and n=1131) of the survivals. 23% (n=33) of the mortalities were predicted by neither model.

The CCI- and ASA-model had equal predictive ability of 30-day mortality after hip fracture. Considering the effort involved in calculating Charlson Comorbidity Index score, the ASA score may be the preferred tool to predict the 30-day mortality after hip fracture.

The CCI- and ASA-model had equal predictive ability of 30-day mortality after hip fracture. Considering the effort involved in calculating Charlson Comorbidity Index score, the ASA score may be the preferred tool to predict the 30-day mortality after hip fracture.

Dental litigation accounts for approximately 10% of medical cases in Japan. This study sought to identify factors related to dentists' legal liability in Japan, including their duty to explain procedures and treatments to their patients.

We analysed court decisions in 166 dental malpractice cases litigated in Japan between 1978 and 2017. To identify factors related to the legal liability of dentists, an analysis was performed to evaluate the associations among patient characteristics, dentist characteristics, litigation, and dentists' explanatory behaviour.

Of the 36 cases related to dentist liability, the study identified 23 cases (63.9%) of litigation in which the dentists were found to be in violation of their duty to provide an explanation. Regarding the severity of injury, the ratio of death and permanent disability was significantly higher in decisions in which the purpose of the explanation was something other than obtaining the patient's consent compared with decisions to obtain the patient's consent (P = .014).

In cases in which the dentist was found legally responsible, the proportion of cases involving procedural negligence with the explanation of medical guidance was significantly higher. Dentists should pay careful attention not only to the patient's consent but also to their explanations, including "medical guidance." Moreover, they should recognise that inappropriate explanations correlate with serious errors.

In cases in which the dentist was found legally responsible, the proportion of cases involving procedural negligence with the explanation of medical guidance was significantly higher. Dentists should pay careful attention not only to the patient's consent but also to their explanations, including "medical guidance." Moreover, they should recognise that inappropriate explanations correlate with serious errors.

Facial prosthesis research uses a wide variety of outcome measures, which results in challenges when comparing the effectiveness of interventions among studies. Consensus is lacking regarding the most appropriate and meaningful outcome measures to use in facial prosthesis research to capture important perspectives.

The purpose of the systematic review was to identify and synthesize outcome measures used in facial prosthesis research.

Electronic searches were performed in 11 databases (including nonpeer-reviewed literature). The citations were searched, and expert societies were contacted to identify additional studies. Inclusion criteria comprised studies of participants with facial defects who required or had received prosthetic rehabilitation with an external facial prosthesis. Exclusion criteria comprised participants with ocular prostheses, case reports, case series with fewer than 5 participants, laboratory-based studies, and studies published before 1980. ML162 datasheet Study selection was performed independentlarch should use outcome measures with appropriate measurement properties for use with facial prosthetics.

The high recurrence rates of denture stomatitis may be associated with the resistance of biofilms to therapeutics. Therefore, methods that provide biomaterials with antifungal properties are an attractive solution to improving microbial control.

The purpose of this invitro study was to modify conventional polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) through the incorporation of metal methacrylate monomers and to evaluate the physicomechanical and optical properties and antifungal activity of the modified materials.

Experimental denture base acrylic resins were fabricated through the addition of zirconium methacrylate (ZM), tin methacrylate (TM), and di-n-butyldimethacrylate-tin (DNBMT) to the liquid of a commercially available denture base PMMA resin. Unmodified PMMA resin was used as the control. The degree of conversion of the materials was tested through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (n=3). A digital spectrophotometer was used to assess the color change of the modified materials (n=8). Differences in Knoeactive agents for the fabrication of PMMA denture base resins with antifungal properties.

The metal-containing methacrylate monomers provided antifungal action to the modified materials without affecting the physicomechanical or optical properties of the denture base resin. ZM, TM, and DNBMT are potential reactive agents for the fabrication of PMMA denture base resins with antifungal properties.

A consensus that establishes the indications and clinical performance of removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks designed and manufactured with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems is lacking.

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the currently published literature investigating different CAD-CAM methods and techniques for RPD manufacturing and their clinical performance.

A comprehensive search of studies published up to September 2019 was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SciELO databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA Statement) criteria and was registered and approved in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO CRD42020152197). The population, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) question was "Do the CAD-CAM frameworks have similar performances to those fabricated by conventional techniques?" The meta-a95% CI -2.021 mm to 6.032 mm) was not significantly different from the indirect technique (0.026 mm; P=.455; random I

98.402%).

Clinical studies and invitro research on CAD-CAM planning and manufacturing of removable prosthesis frameworks are still sparse. However, preliminary data indicate a similar fit and esthetic improvement when compared with the conventional technique.

Clinical studies and in vitro research on CAD-CAM planning and manufacturing of removable prosthesis frameworks are still sparse. However, preliminary data indicate a similar fit and esthetic improvement when compared with the conventional technique.

More translucent dental zirconias have been developed by incorporating the cubic phase and reducing the tetragonal phase content that undergoes transformation toughening, leading to reduced mechanical properties. Whether the clinically relevant mechanical property of the edge chipping toughness of the material is also reduced is unclear.

The purpose of this invitro study was to evaluate the edge chipping toughness and translucency of translucent zirconia, 3mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP), and lithium disilicate.

Two translucent zirconia products, Katana and Lava Esthetic; one 3Y-TZP, Lava Plus; and one lithium disilicate, IPS e.max Press were prepared and tested for phase composition via X-ray diffraction (XRD) (n=3), translucency via a spectrophotometer (n=20), and edge chipping via a universal testing machine with a custom-machined specimen holder and diamond indenter (n=20). The 3Y-TZP and lithium disilicate served as the optimal control materials for edge chipping and translucency, respectively. Translucency was compared with 1-way ANOVA and edge toughness with ANCOVA (α=.05).

The XRD showed the 3Y-TZP to be almost completely tetragonal phase compared with the 2 translucent zirconia products that were predominantly cubic. Katana UTML and IPS e.max Press had a statistically similar (P>.05) translucency that was significantly (P<.05) greater than that of Lava Esthetic and Lava Plus. link2 The edge toughness of Katana UTML was 304 N/mm, IPS e.max Press was 354 N/mm, Lava Esthetic was 394 N/mm, and Lava Plus was 717 N/mm, with significance rankings of Katana UTM<IPS e.max Press=Lava Esthetic<Lava Plus.

Some translucent zirconias had translucency similar to that of lithium disilicate; however, as translucency increased with increased cubic content, edge toughness decreased.

Some translucent zirconias had translucency similar to that of lithium disilicate; however, as translucency increased with increased cubic content, edge toughness decreased.

Information on the fabrication of metal by selective laser melting (SLM) systems positioned at different angles is sparse.

The purpose of this invitro study was to evaluate the extent of marginal and internal gaps in metal copings fabricated at different angles by using an SLM fabrication system.

A master metal model was produced and replicated (N=10) with silicone impressions and dental stone. Standard tessellation language (STL) files of the 10 coping designs were then obtained by using a model scanner and a 3D design software program on a scannable working die. Co-Cr alloy metal copings were fabricated by the SLM fabrication system at 45, 90, and 180 degrees. The marginal and internal gaps were measured by the silicone replica technique. link3 The measured data were analyzed by using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H test (α=.05).

The specimens fabricated at 180 degrees showed the best fit in terms of the marginal gap, while the worst fit was observed in the specimens fabricated at 90 degrees. Statistically significant differences were seen among the marginal gaps produced in the 3 groups (P<.001). In terms of internal fit, the axial wall gap showed the best fit, and the occlusal gap the worst. The best fit overall was 66 μm at the axial wall of the 180-degree group, and the worst in the 90-degree group, at 663 μm. Statistically significant differences were observed between the chamfers, axial walls, and the occlusal gaps of the 3 groups (P<.001).

Restorations fabricated by using an SLM system at 180 degrees were clinically acceptable. However, more research is required to investigate the performance of metal copings produced at 45 and 90 degrees to evaluate their clinical acceptability.

Restorations fabricated by using an SLM system at 180 degrees were clinically acceptable. However, more research is required to investigate the performance of metal copings produced at 45 and 90 degrees to evaluate their clinical acceptability.