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5 also suggests chromium's strong chemisorption onto nanocomposite. During the interaction in aqueous solutions, the reduced iron (Fe0) on the nanocomposite becomes oxidized, suggesting the probable simultaneous reduction of Cr (VI) and its co-precipitation. Continuous column extraction of chromate ions was also efficient in both spiked solutions (39.7 ± 0.04 mg/g) and COPR contaminated water (13.2 ± 0.09 mg/g). Reusability up to three cycles with almost complete Cr (VI) removal may be attributed to surface protonation, new binding sites generation, and electron transfer from Fe0 core through defects. The study concludes that HAP-Fe0-Ct could be utilized for continuous Cr (VI) removal from COPR contaminated complex groundwater matrices.Turkey borders three seas and the most populous locations are squeezed into the coastal territories. Thus, organisms living in these aquatic territories are under longstanding anthropogenic pressure. Hence, this study investigated the consumption outcomes leading to potential child and adult health risks along with the spatial distribution of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn in the Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) sampled at 23 different stations from the Black Sea, the Sea of Marmara, and the Aegean Sea coastal waters of Turkey. The mean concentrations of trace elements found in the Mediterranean mussels followed Zn (39.75 mg kg-1) > Cu (1.95 mg kg-1) > As (1.84 mg kg-1) > Pb (0.99 mg kg-1) > Ni (0.65 mg kg-1) > Cr (0.62 mg kg-1) > V (0.47 mg kg-1) > Cd (0.08 mg kg-1). Factor analysis revealed that trace elements were mostly derived from anthropogenic sources. Pb values were found to be above the permissible European Union limits at 10 sampling stations. While the estimated weekly intake did not exceed the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives limits, the target hazard quotient for As was found >1 for children. The lifetime cancer risk (CR) for adults and children was unacceptable (>10-4) at high consumption rates for As according to US Environmental Protection Agency. Monte Carlo simulation confirmed a CR to adult (62.98%) and children (97.24%) mussel consumers caused by As.Nowadays, water-borne diseases including hepatitis remain the critical health challenge due to the inadequate supply of potable and safe water for human activities. The major cause is that the pathogenic microorganisms causing diseases have developed resistance against common techniques used by sewage water treatment plants for water disinfection. Therefore, there is a need to improve these conventional water treatment techniques by taking into consideration the application of nanotechnology for wastewater purification. The main aim of this paper is to provide a review on the synthesis of biopolymer-inorganic nanoparticle composites (BINCs), their used as antimicrobial compounds for water disinfection, as well as to elaborate on their antimicrobial mechanism of action. The microbial properties affecting the activity of antimicrobial compounds are also evaluated.In this study, we increased β-glucan production from brewer's yeast, Saccharomyces carlsbergensis RU01, by using tannic acid. High-pressure freezing and transmission electron microscopy (HPF-TEM) revealed that the yeast cell wall obtained from yeast malt (YM) medium supplemented with 0.1% w/v tannic acid was thicker than that of yeast cultured in YM medium alone. The production of β-glucan from S. carlsbergensis RU01 was optimized in 3% w/v molasses and 0.1% w/v diammonium sulfate (MDS) medium supplemented with 0.1% w/v tannic acid. The results showed that MDS medium supplemented with 0.1% w/v tannic acid significantly increased the dry cell weight (DCW), and the β-glucan production was 0.28±0.01% w/v and 11.99±0.04% w/w. Tannic acid enhanced the β-glucan content by up to 42.23%. β-Glucan production in the stirred tank reactor (STR) was 1.4-fold higher than that in the shake flask (SF) culture. Analysis of the β-glucan composition by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that the β-glucan of S. carlsbergensis RU01 cultured in MDS medium supplemented with 0.1% w/v tannic acid had a higher proportion of polysaccharide than that of the control. In addition, β-glucans from brewer's yeast can be used as prebiotic and functional foods for human health and in animal feed.

Although overexpression of synuclein gamma (SNCG) has been reported in several cancers, few studies have been performed onSNCG in endometrial carcinomas.

This study aimed to investigate the role of SNCG in the progression of endometrial carcinoma.

The expression pattern and function ofSNCG gene were analyzed using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) datasets. click here Two vector types, containing either SNCG or negative control shRNAs, were used to evaluate cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis using Cell Counting Kit 8, colony formation, flow cytometry, wound-healing, transwell, and invasion assays. The relative protein levels of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, vimentin, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, AKT, p-ERK, and ERK were determined by western bloting.

Our results revealed thatSNCG mRNA expression and SNCG protein levels in shRNA-treated SPEC2 cells were lower than in the negative control cells. Furthermore, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were significantly inhibited in SNCG shRNA-treated cells, but apoptosis was increased. The results of western blot analysis indicated that SNCG silencing reduced the protein levels of N-cadherin, vimentin, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-ERK, but not those of total PI3K, AKT, and ERK.

Therefore, shRNA-mediated suppression of SNCG inhibited SPEC2 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted SPEC2 cell apoptosis, which was presumably accomplished via regulation of the PI3K/AKT/ERK signaling pathway.

Therefore, shRNA-mediated suppression of SNCG inhibited SPEC2 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted SPEC2 cell apoptosis, which was presumably accomplished via regulation of the PI3K/AKT/ERK signaling pathway.Rodents play role as a reservoir for some Bartonella species which cause different clinical manifestations in humans. Bartonella spp. existence in rodents of Turkish Thrace has been detected for the first time, and the risky habitat types were evaluated for the infection. Ninety individuals belonging to three small rodent species were screened by PCR, and the overall prevalence of Bartonella infection was 22.2%. The strains were characterized molecularly based on the phylogenetic analyses of two housekeeping genes, rpoB and gltA. They clustered with B. taylorii. The significant effects of habitat types and rodent species on Bartonella infections were observed. It was detected that B. taylorii prevalence was the highest in the swamp forest habitat and A. flavicollis species. The present study demonstrates that A. flavicollis is the reservoir of B. taylorii in the European part of Turkey.