Nunezcummings5193

The evolution involving surgical virtual education and also telementoring: 1 surgeon's journey.

5%) patients. According to our statistical results, BR had a slightly better sensitivity than facial CoMEPs in predicting impairment of facial nerve functions for both postoperative and third-month time points. Blink reflex showed better accuracy for predicting postoperative nerve functions, whereas CoMEPs correlated better in predicting third-month outcome.

We suggest that BR is a valuable intraoperative neuromonitoring method that can be used in addition to facial CoMEPs during skull base surgeries to assess real-time facial nerve integrity and predict prognosis.

We suggest that BR is a valuable intraoperative neuromonitoring method that can be used in addition to facial CoMEPs during skull base surgeries to assess real-time facial nerve integrity and predict prognosis.

Ultrasound is emerging as a useful tool for the evaluation of immune-mediated neuropathies because it can provide high-resolution anatomic information to complement electrodiagnostic data. Nerve enlargements are commonly found in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), and their presence likely useful in diagnosis, particularly if multifocal.

In this study, the authors undertook a retrospective chart review to identify ultrasound findings in patients with CIDP previously studied in a single busy neurodiagnostic laboratory.

Of the 50 cases identified from 2000 to 2017, individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of CIDP (21 cases) were more likely to have multiple sites of enlargement, as well as more pronounced nerve enlargement, than patients who were subsequently found to have an alternate cause of neuropathy (22 cases). The presence of any moderately enlarged nerve segment predicted definite CIDP with sensitivity of 81% and specificity 77%.

This study demonstrates that ultrasound can be of diagnostic utility in patients with suspected CIDP, even when conducted in a nonstandardized real-world setting.

This study demonstrates that ultrasound can be of diagnostic utility in patients with suspected CIDP, even when conducted in a nonstandardized real-world setting.

We investigated which raw EEG and spectrogram patterns in frontal EEG predict poor neurological outcomes in patients with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy after cardiac arrest.

This multicenter, prospective, observational study included 52 patients with anoxic brain injury after cardiac arrest. Raw EEGs and spectrograms (color density spectral arrays) measured with hardwired frontal EEG monitoring were used to predict poor prognosis. Neurological variables upon admission, raw EEG patterns, including highly malignant and malignant EEG patterns, and changes in frequency and amplitude from color density spectral arrays were investigated.

All patients exhibiting highly malignant EEG patterns died, and malignant EEG patterns were significant predictors of poor prognosis as the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.83 to 0.86. Irregular high-voltage waves in the high-frequency beta band in continuous background EEGs were associated with poor prognosis (P = 0.022). Malignant EEG patterns EG alone.Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in Alzheimer disease (AD) patients, especially in women. Stress and stress-vulnerability factors (eg, poor social support) may trigger NPS. Endotoxin This cross-sectional study (n=196) aimed to examine the moderating effect of sex on the relationships between both perceived social support and salivary cortisol levels and NPS of AD patients. Only in women, greater cortisol levels were associated with higher scores in Neuropsychiatric Inventory mood, agitation, and frontal subscales whereas higher Psychosocial Support Questionnaire scores were related to lower scores in Neuropsychiatric Inventory mood and psychosis subscales. Given the relevance that sex differences might have on the design of preventive strategies, present findings should be confirmed in longitudinal studies.

Dementia with Lewy body (DLB) diagnostic criteria define "indicative" and "supportive" biomarkers, but clinical practice patterns are unknown.

An anonymous survey querying clinical use of diagnostic tests/biomarkers was sent to 38 center of excellence investigators. The survey included "indicative" biomarkers (dopamine transporter scan, myocardial scintigraphy, polysomnography), "supportive" biomarkers [magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)], positron emission tomography, or single-photon emission computed tomography perfusion/metabolism scans, quantitative electroencephalography), and other diagnostic tests (neuropsychological testing, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, genetics). Responses were analyzed descriptively.

Of the 22 respondents (58%), all reported the capability to perform neuropsychological testing, MRI, polysomnography, dopamine transporter scans, positron emission tomography/single-photon emission computed tomography scans, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis; 96% could order genetic testing. Neuropsychological testing and MRI were the most commonly ordered tests. Diagnostic testing beyond MRI and neuropsychological testing was most helpful in the context of "possible" DLB and mild cognitive impairment and to assist with differential diagnosis. Myocardial scintigraphy and electroencephalograpy use were rare.

Neuropsychological testing and MRI remain the most widely used diagnostic tests by DLB specialists. Other tests-particularly indicative biomarkers-are used only selectively. Research is needed to validate existing potential DLB biomarkers, develop new biomarkers, and investigate mechanisms to improve DLB diagnosis.

Neuropsychological testing and MRI remain the most widely used diagnostic tests by DLB specialists. Other tests-particularly indicative biomarkers-are used only selectively. Research is needed to validate existing potential DLB biomarkers, develop new biomarkers, and investigate mechanisms to improve DLB diagnosis.

Alongside Alzheimer disease pathology, cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) contributes to the differential progression rates from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia. Hence, identification of specific type of CSVD lesions that influence progression is needed.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of silent CSVD in the progression from MCI to dementia and if confluent white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) pose a higher risk for progression in the clinical setting.

Patients with MCI with baseline magnetic resonance imaging and longitudinal follow-up were evaluated. WMH were quantified using visual scoring at baseline (all subjects) and at end of study period (subgroup). Influences of baseline total WMH, baseline confluent WMH, and increase of WMH on progression from MCI to dementia were analyzed.

A total of 200 patients with a mean age of 67.9 (SD 8.7) years were evaluated. Progression to dementia was significantly higher among patients with MCI with confluent WMH (55.7% vs. Endotoxin 32.3%; P<0.