Nissengould3538

As a conclusion it can be said that the parameters of haemolysis and denaturation of proteins are good indicators to classify organophosphorus formulated with surfactants as irritating or phototoxic. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Most lung cancer patients are diagnosed at advanced stages and may benefit from pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1 antibody), cytotoxic chemotherapy and other adjuvant therapies. Despite the availability of various therapies, the response and survival rates have been low. Therefore, study of different targets for the treatment of lung cancer has been one of the major focuses of cancer research. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a crucial regulator of cell homeostasis and plays an essential role in growth and development of all cells. The UPS is dysregulated in human cancer cells including lung cancer cells. Therefore, targeting the UPS is potentially a selective, effective treatment for lung cancer. Bortezomib, a 20S proteasome inhibitor that is clinically approved for the management of multiple myeloma, has been studied in various preclinical and clinical models of lung cancer. Most preclinical studies have shown that a 20S proteasome inhibitoer this resistance or improve 20S PIs' efficacy in lung cancer cells have been reviewed which include novel combination therapies, new drug delivery systems, development of more potent PIs, and targeting different sites of the UPS. Better understanding PI resistance mechanisms in lung cancer cells can help improve current clinical treatment strategies and clinical outcomes. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by deposition of amyloid-β protein aggregates and an appropriate treatment strategy is urgently needed, as the number of diagnosed cases continues to increase. The management of AD and of the other brain-associated diseases are limited by the blood brain barrier and its selective control of drug passage. In fact, most of the promising drugs have restricted curative effects on AD owing to their lower bioavailability. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as attractive therapeutic agents and have distinctive properties that could contribute to the development of a novel treatment strategy for neurodegenerative disorders. In this review article, we attempt to identify promising ways of developing competent AD therapeutic agents from anti-amyloid aggregating AuNPs. Initially, we discuss the current status of anti-amyloid inhibitors, the abilities of AuNPs to inhibit amyloid aggregation, and mechanistic aspects, and then describe plausible modifications that could aid the translation of AuNP-based therapeutics into neuromedicines. The review highlights some interesting characteristics that might effectively bridge the gap between laboratory and bedside treatments. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.The folate-modified graphene oxide (GO-FA) was successfully prepared, which had good stability and biocompatibility on rat glioma cells. The formation and composition of GO-FA were confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS spectra). The cell experiment suggested good biocompatibility of GO-FA on rat glioma cells. The experiment of GO-FA loading with temozolomide (TMZ) showed that the maximum drug loading of GO-FA was 8.05 ± 0.20 mg/mg, with the drug loading rate of 89.52 ± 0.19 %. When TMZ was released from the folate-modified graphene oxide loading with temozolomide (GO-FA-TMZ), its release behavior in vitro showed strong pH dependence and sustained release property. The growth of rat glioma cells can be effectively inhibited by GO-FA-TMZ, with the cell inhibition rate as high as 91.72 ± 0.13 % at the concentration of 600 μg/mL and time of 72 h. Sunitinib in vitro According to the above experimental results, this composite carrier has potential applications in drug delivery and cancer therapy. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND The development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a considerable threat to tuberculosis control programmes in Nigeria. There is an increase in the prevalence of MDR-TB worldwide both among new tuberculosis cases as well as previously-treated ones. There is also a rise in transmission of resistant strains due to increase in MDR-TB patients largely due to the poor drug compliance and the impact of Human immunodeficiency virus infection. Therefore, we intend to determine the extent of MDR-TB among attendees of chest clinics in Osun-State, Nigeria. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine prevalence of MDR-TB among confirmed tuberculosis patients attending chest clinics in Osun-State, Nigeria. METHODS This study was conducted among 207 attendees of chest clinics in Osun-State between June, 2015 and October 15, 2016. Sputum and blood samples of the participants were collected. GeneXpert test was carried out first on the samples for simultaneous identification of MTB and rtant TB is a threat to national tuberculosis control and it is recommended that all the facilities be equipped to cater for its diagnosis. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) produced by Escherichia coli, a non-toxic protein subunit with potential biological properties, is a powerful mucosal and parenteral adjuvant which can induce a strong immune response against co-administered antigens. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we want to produce LTB protein which encoded by the optimized ltb (also known synthetic ltb, s-ltb) gene in centella plant (Centella asiatica) for use as a antigen in next studies. METHODS The s-ltb gene was cloned into a plant expression vector, pMYO51, adjacent to the CaMV 35S promoter and was then introduced into centella plant by biolistic transformation. PCR amplification was conducted to determine the presence of s-ltb gene in transgenic centella plant. Expression of s-ltb gene was analyzed by immunoblotting and quantified by ELISA. In vitro activity of LTB protein was determined by GM1-ELISA. RESULTS PCR amplification has found seven transgenic centella individuals. However, only five of them produced LTB protein.