Navarrohudson5895

Subsequently, 17 representative markers in Huangqin decoction prepared with three types of peony root and their chemical characteristics and content distribution were carried out. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Resonance occurs when the stiffness and mass elements of the ear are in balance and ear surgeries may change acoustic characteristics of the outer and middle ear. External ear canal resonance frequency (RF) can be determined with real ear measurement (REM) whereas middle ear RF can be measured with wideband tympanometry (WBT). Both the external and the middle ear RF of tympanoplasty-mastoidectomy patients is significantly lower in than the control group. Compared to canal wall down technique, intact canal wall tympanoplasty plus bone chain repairment technique may protect middle ear RF. To provide optimal hearing who need amplification due to ear surgeries, diagnosing their external and middle ear resonance characteristics together may be vital. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Statins are widely used medications for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia as well as prevention of cardiovascular disease. We report two cases with type 1 diabetes who developed autoimmune hepatitis after the administration of statin. The first case developed the marked elevation of liver enzymes six months into atorvastatin therapy. The second case developed liver dysfunction eight months after the initiation of rosuvastatin therapy. Liver biopsies in both cases exhibited either portal, interface, and lobular hepatitis or a piece-meal necrosis with lymphocytes and plasma cell infiltration, that were compatible with autoimmune hepatitis. Then both cases were started on prednisolone, to which they responded well. Liver biopsy is to be considered for type 1 diabetic patients if no improvement of liver dysfunction after discontinuation of statins. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Epidemiologists and social scientists have long utilised longitudinal study designs to examine the associations between exposures, behaviours, health conditions/diagnoses and longer term outcomes. Attention increasingly focuses on pregnancy-related conditions and women's health in later life (e.g. Hass DM et al. Am J Epidemiol. 2016;183(6)519-530. Cain MA et al. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016;215(4)484.e1-e14). While some research utilises formal cohort study designs, studies based on linkage of registries also contribute to our evolving knowledge base. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND This study focused on the monitoring of patients who had undergone liver transplantation (LT) because of unresectable alveolar echinococcosis (AE). The role of long-term administration of albendazole (ABZ) in patients with residual/recurrent AE lesions and without AE lesions was evaluated. METHODS Albendazole therapy was prescribed to patients diagnosed with AE 4-6 weeks after LT on the background of continuous suppressive therapy while following the protocol for managing patients after LT. Clinical data (general condition, blood counts, and level of hepatic transaminases), ultrasound scans (USs), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or multispiral computed tomography (MSCT), and serological data were collected from four patients with residual/recurrent AE lesions and without AE lesions. The results of the USs, MRI, and MSCT examinations at diagnosis and at the end of follow-up were retrospectively reviewed for all patients. RESULTS Observation of patients over a long period (up to 10 years) showed that the continuous (without interruption) use of ABZ restrained the development of metacestodes. BAY 2416964 cost Interruptions in taking the drug, associated with the manifestation of hepatotoxicity in some patients, led to the development of lesions in other organs in which the parasite had not previously been detected. No new foci were found in the transplanted livers of the patients. CONCLUSION Liver transplantation, together with continuous anti-relapse chemotherapy, prolongs the patient's life, both in the absence and in the presence of metastases in other organs. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.INTRODUCTION The American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) recently convened a Best Evidence Consensus (BEC) workgroup in August, 2019 in Chicago, Illinois to address whether the conversion of a thin to a thick tissue phenotype through various phenotype modification therapy (PhMT) can positively influence peri-implant health. CASE SERIES PhMT was applied to two dental implant cases utilizing subepithelial connective tissue grafting to increase peri-implant keratinized tissue. These cases demonstrated that when PhMT was used in either a reactive or proactive manner, the keratinized tissue improvement can support long term peri-implant health. CONCLUSIONS PhMT can prevent further gingival recession and provide a more stable environment conducive to maintaining peri-implant health. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Attentional capture by exercise-related stimuli is important for the regulation of physical activity. Attentional processing underlying this capture has been investigated with indirect behavioral measures based on reaction times. To investigate more direct measures of visual spatial attention toward physical activity (vs. inactivity) stimuli, we used eye-tracking and a visual dot probe task in 77 young adults with various level of physical activity. Reaction times to detect a dot appearing in the area previously occupied by a physical activity (vs. inactivity) stimulus were an indirect measure of attentional bias. The first picture gaze and viewing time were more direct measures of attentional orienting and attentional engagement, respectively. Pupil dilation was an indicator of arousal. Reaction times revealed a two-way interaction between the location of the dot and participants' usual level of physical activity. Only participants with a high level of physical activity more quickly detected a dot when it appeared in the area previously occupied by a physical activity stimulus. Eye-tracking results showed greater odds of first gazing at physical activity stimuli and for a longer time, and a greater decrease in pupil size when viewing physical activity stimuli when usual level of physical activity was moderate or high, but not low. The variance explained in the outcomes ranged from 13.9% (pupil dilation) to 40% (reaction times). Overall, as hypothesized, compared to less physically active participants, participants who were more physically active demonstrated indirect (reaction times) and direct (first gaze, viewing time) evidence of a more pronounced attentional bias toward physical activity. Physical activity stimuli biased attention, with a pronounced effect when the level of physical activity was higher. These findings suggest that physical activity stimuli are relevant to the current concerns of moderately and highly active individuals. © 2020 Society for Psychophysiological Research.Our previous results showed that the specialized pro-resolving mediator (SPM) Resolvin D1 (RvD1) promotes resolution of inflammation in salivary glands in non-obese diabetic (NOD)/ShiLtJ, a mouse model for Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Additionally, mice lacking the RvD1 receptor ALX/FPR2 show defective innate and adaptive immune responses in salivary glands. Particularly, ALX/FPR2 KO mice exhibit exacerbated inflammation in their salivary glands in response to systemic LPS treatment. Moreover, female ALX/FPR2 KO mice show increased autoantibody production and loss of salivary gland function with age. Together, these studies suggest that an underlying SPM dysregulation could be contributing to SS progression. Therefore, we investigated whether SPM production is altered in NOD/ShiLtJ using metabololipidomics and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results demonstrate that SPM levels were broadly elevated in plasma collected from NOD/ShiLtJ female mice after disease onset, whereas these drastic changes did not occur in male mice. Moreover, gene expression of enzymes involved in SPM biosynthesis were altered in submandibular glands (SMG) from NOD/ShiLtJ female mice after disease onset, with 5-LOX and 12/15-LOX being downregulated and upregulated, respectively. Despite this dysregulation, the abundances of the SPM products of these enzymes (ie, RvD1 and RvD2) were unaltered in freshly isolated SMG cells suggesting that other cell populations (eg, lymphocytes) may be responsible for the overabundance of SPMs that we observed. The elevation of SPMs noted here appeared to be sex mediated, meaning that it was observed only in one sex (females). Given that SS primarily affects females (roughly 90% of diagnosed cases), these results may provide some insights into the mechanisms underlying the observed sexual dimorphism. © 2020 Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.Parasympathetic neurons in the airways control bronchomotor tone. Increased activity of cholinergic neurons are mediators of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma, however, mechanisms are not elucidated. We describe remodeling of the cholinergic neuronal network in asthmatic airways driven by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB). Human bronchial biopsies were stained for cholinergic marker vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). Human lung gene expression and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in neuroplasticity-related genes were compared between asthma and healthy patients. Wild-type (WT) and mutated TrkB knock-in mice (Ntrk2tm1Ddg/J) with impaired BDNF signaling were chronically exposed to ovalbumin (OVA). Neuronal VAChT staining and airway narrowing in response to electrical field stimulation in precision cut lung slices (PCLS) were assessed. Increased cholinergic fibers in asthmatic airway biopsies was found, paralleled by increased TrkB gene expression in human lung tissue, and SNPs in the NTRK2 [TrkB] and BDNF genes linked to asthma. Chronic allergen exposure in mice resulted in increased density of cholinergic nerves, which was prevented by inhibiting TrkB. Increased nerve density resulted in AHR in vivo and in increased nerve-dependent airway reactivity in lung slices mediated via TrkB. These findings show cholinergic neuroplasticity in asthma driven by TrkB signaling and suggest that the BDNF-TrkB pathway may be a potential target. © 2020 The Authors. The FASEB Journal published by Wiley periodicals LLC on behalf of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.In the brain, α-synuclein (aSN) partitions between free unbound cytosolic and membrane bound forms modulating both its physiological and pathological role and complicating its study due to structural heterogeneity. Here, we use an interdisciplinary, synergistic approach to characterize the properties of aSNlipid mixtures, isolated aSNlipid co-structures, and aSN in mammalian cells. Enabled by the isolation of the membrane-bound state, we show that within the previously described N-terminal membrane anchor, membrane interaction relies both on an N-terminal tail (NTT) head group layer insertion of 14 residues and a folded-upon-binding helix at the membrane surface. Both binding events must be present; if, for example, the NTT insertion is lost, the membrane affinity of aSN is severely compromised and formation of aSNlipid co-structures hampered. In mammalian cells, compromised cooperativity results in lowered membrane association. Thus, avidity within the N-terminal anchor couples N-terminal insertion and helical surface binding, which is crucial for aSN membrane interaction and cellular localization, and may affect membrane fusion.