Navarrodawson6946

e-Cigarettes are the most commonly used tobacco product among young adults (YAs). Despite the harms of nicotine exposure among YAs, there are few, if any, empirically tested vaping cessation interventions available.

To determine the effectiveness of a text message program for vaping cessation among YAs vs assessment-only control.

A parallel, 2-group, double-blind, individually randomized clinical trial was conducted from December 2019 to November 2020 among YA e-cigarette users. Eligible individuals were US residents aged 18 to 24 years who owned a mobile phone with an active text message plan, reported past 30-day e-cigarette use, and were interested in quitting in the next 30 days. KU-60019 Participants were recruited via social media ads, the intervention was delivered via text message, and assessments were completed via website or mobile phone. Follow-up was conducted at 1 and 7 months postrandomization; follow-up data collection began January 2020 and ended in November 2020. The study was prespecified in the was 76.0% (n = 1967), with no differential attrition. Abstinence rates were 24.1% (95% CI, 21.8%-26.5%) among intervention participants and 18.6% (95% CI, 16.7%-20.8%) among control participants (odds ratio, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.15-1.68; P < .001). No baseline variables moderated the treatment-outcome relationship, including nicotine dependence.

Results of this randomized clinical trial demonstrated that a tailored and interactive text message intervention was effective in promoting vaping cessation among YAs. These results establish a benchmark of intervention effectiveness.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04251273.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04251273.Reuse of filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs, commonly referred to as N95s) normally meant for single use has become common in healthcare facilities due to shortages caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we report that murine hepatitis coronavirus initially seeded on FFR filter material is inactivated (6 order of magnitude reduction as measured by median tissue culture infective dose, TCID50) after dry heating at 75°C for 30 min. We also find that the quantitative fit of FFRs after heat treatment at this temperature, under dry conditions or at 90% relative humidity, is not affected by single or 10 heating cycles. Previous studies have reported that the filtration efficiency of FFRs is not negatively impacted by these heating conditions. These results suggest that thermal inactivation of coronaviruses is a potentially rapid and widely deployable method to reuse N95 FFRs in emergency situations where reusing FFRs is a necessity and broad-spectrum sterilization is unavailable. However, we also observe that a radiative heat source (e.g. an exposed heating element) results in rapid qualitative degradation of the FFR. Finally, we discuss differences in the results reported here and other recent studies investigating heat as a means to recycle FFRs. These differences suggest that while our repeated decontamination cycles do not affect FFR fit, overall wear time and the number of donning/doffing cycles are important factors that likely degrade FFR fit and must be investigated further.

Hypothyroidism impairs cardiovascular health and contributes to endothelial dysfunction with reduced vasodilation. How 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and its receptors are involved in the regulation of vasomotion is not yet fully understood. In general, thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) either influence gene expression (canonical action) or rapidly activate intracellular signaling pathways (noncanonical action).

Here we aimed to characterize the T3 action underlying the mechanism of arterial vasodilation and blood pressure (BP) regulation.

Mesenteric arteries were isolated from male rats, wild-type (WT) mice, TRα knockout (TRα 0) mice, and from knockin mice with a mutation in the DNA-binding domain (TRα GS). In this mutant, DNA binding and thus canonical action is abrogated while noncanonical signaling is preserved. In a wire myograph system, the isolated vessels were preconstricted with norepinephrine. The response to T3 was measured, and the resulting vasodilation (Δ force [mN]) was normalized to maximum ctively. Removal of the endothelium abolished the T3-mediated vasodilation in rat mesenteric arteries (by 36.7 ± 5.4%NE vs 3.5 ± 6.2%NE). In vivo, T3 injection led to a rapid decrease of arterial BP in WT (by 13.9 ± 1.9 mm Hg) and TRα GS mice (by 12.4 ± 1.9 mm Hg), but not in TRα 0 mice (by 4.1 ± 1.9 mm Hg).

These results demonstrate that T3 acting through noncanonical TRα action affects cardiovascular physiology by inducing endothelium-dependent vasodilation within minutes via PI3K and eNOS activation.

These results demonstrate that T3 acting through noncanonical TRα action affects cardiovascular physiology by inducing endothelium-dependent vasodilation within minutes via PI3K and eNOS activation.The phytohormones ethylene and jasmonate play important roles in the adaptation of rice plants to salt stress. However, the molecular interactions between ethylene and jasmonate on rice seminal root growth under salt stress are unknown. In this study, the effects of NaCl on the homeostasis of ethylene and jasmonate, and on rice seminal root growth were investigated. Our results indicate that NaCl treatment promotes ethylene biosynthesis by up-regulating the expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes, whereas NaCl-induced ethylene does not inhibit rice seminal root growth directly, but rather indirectly, by promoting jasmonate biosynthesis. NaCl treatment also promotes jasmonate biosynthesis through an ethylene-independent pathway. Moreover, NaCl-induced jasmonate reduces meristem cell number and cell division activity via down-regulated expression of Oryza sativa PLETHORA (OsPLT) and cell division-related genes, respectively. Additionally, NaCl-induced jasmonate inhibits seminal root cell elongation by down-regulating the expression of cell elongation-related genes. Overall, salt stress promotes jasmonate biosynthesis through ethylene-dependent and -independent pathways in rice seminal roots, and jasmonate inhibits rice seminal root growth by inhibiting root meristem cell proliferation and root cell elongation.