Munroschultz5831

0 V vs. RHE with special emphasis on the formation of H2 gas and C1 products. Thus, the electrodes prepared at higher temperatures enable the suppression of competing H2 evolution due to the increased amount of high-index facets. Moreover, the formation rates of C1 products were inhibited as well at the electrodes with increased number of high-index facets. The drops in the formation rates of both H2 and C1 products indicate that they are consumed in the chemical reaction to commence the formation of multi-carbon products. However, further study is still required with superior attention on CO2RR towards the C2+ product formation at a range of applied potentials.The development of a simple and effective single constituent multifunctional nanotheranostic platform producing a multimodality diagnostic signal and curing effect is still a challenge. Herein, we synthesized simple and biodegradable FeWOx ternary oxide nanoparticles and modified their surface with RGD-PEG-NH2 (FeWOx-PEG-RGD NPs), whereby resulting NPs possessed a (T2/T1) switchable MRI/CT dual-modal imaging ability and synergistic photothermal therapy (PTT)/photodynamic therapy (PDT)/chemodynamic therapy (CDT) capacity. We showed that FeWOx-PEG-RGD NPs enabled tumor accumulation under a magnetic field drive and RGD-mediated tumor penetration and implemented PTT/PDT treatment under 980 nm laser irradiation. In an acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) with a high hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) expression, NPs degraded to release Fe3+ and Fe2+, triggering a Fenton reaction to generate ˙OH for CDT. The released Fe2+ led to T2/T1 signal conversion for tracing cancer therapy, while the high X-ray attenuation coefficient of W also made it a good CT contrast agent for guided therapy. Thus, the structurally simple FeWOx-PEG-RGD was capable of mediating (T2/T1-weighted) MR/CT two modal imaging-guided PTT/PDT/CDT synergic therapy with a high accuracy and superb anticancer efficiency. The simple, degradable, rapid-clearance, and multifunctional FeWOx-PEG-RGD NPs provide a novel, promising, and versatile nanotheranostic platform.Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are anionic, periodic, linear polysaccharides which are composed of periodic disaccharide units. They play a vital role in many biological processes ongoing in the extracellular matrix. Oxaliplatin inhibitor In terms of computational approaches, GAGs are very challenging molecules due to their high flexibility, periodicity, predominantly electrostatic-driven nature of interactions with their protein counterparts and potential multipose binding. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms underlying GAG-mediated interactions are not fully known yet, and experimental techniques alone are not always sufficient to gain insights into them. The aim of this study was to characterize protein-ion-GAG complexes for the systems where ions are directly involved in GAG binding. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics and free energy calculation approaches were applied to model and rigorously analyse the interactions between annexins (II and V), calcium ions (Ca2+) and heparin (HP). The computational data were examined and discussed in the context of the structural data previously reported by the crystallographic studies. The computational results confirm that the presence of Ca2+ has a tremendous impact on the annexin-HP binding site. This study provides a general computational pipeline to discover the complexity of protein-GAG interactions and helps to understand the role of ions involved at the atomic level. The limitations of the applied protocols are described and discussed pointing at the challenges persisting in the state-of-the-art in silico tools to study protein-ion-GAG systems.Correction for 'Quartz crystal microbalance for telomerase sensing based on gold nanoparticle induced signal amplification' by Haitang Yang et al., Chem. Commun., 2019, 55, 5994-5997, DOI .I have herein investigated the solvent-dependent photoluminescence quenching mechanism of [Ru(bpy)2(bpy-cc-AQ)]2+ using variable temperature emission spectroscopies. The photophysics of this complex are dominated by an excited-state thermal equilibrium between a photoluminescent 3MLCT state and a charge-separated state that lies higher in energy relative to the 3MLCT state in low polarity solvents and approximately isoenergetic in high polarity solvents. Furthermore, an unusual photoluminescence temperature-dependence in high polarity solvents is shown to arise from competition between enthalpic factors favouring the charge-separated state and entropic factors favouring the photoluminescent 3MLCT state, analogous to the molecular light-switch effect of [Ru(bpy)2(dppz)]2+. The solvent-dependent photoluminescence quenching of [Ru(bpy)2(bpy-cc-AQ)]2+ is attributed to two key solvent-dependent factors (1) the excited-state equilibrium position and (2) the rate of charge-recombination from the charge-separated state.Heterogeneous ice nucleation is a common process in the atmosphere, but relatively little is known about the role of different surface characteristics on the promotion of ice nucleation. We have used a series of iron oxides as a model system to study the role of lattice mismatch and defects induced by milling on ice nucleation activity. The iron oxides include wüstite (FeO), hematite (Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), and goethite (FeOOH). The iron oxides were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurements. The immersion freezing experiments were performed using an environmental chamber. Wüstite (FeO) had the highest ice nucleation activity, which we attribute to its low lattice mismatch with hexagonal ice and the exposure of Fe-OH after milling. A comparison study of MnO and wüstite (FeO) with milled and sieved samples for each suggests that physical defects alone result in only a slight increase in ice nucleation activity. Despite differences in the molecular formula and surface groups, hematite (Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4), and goethite (FeOOH) had similar ice nucleation activities, which may be attributed to their high lattice mismatch to hexagonal ice. This study provides further insight into the characteristics of a good heterogeneous ice nucleus and, more generally, helps to elucidate the interactions between aerosol particles and ice particles in clouds.