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tistics as surgery alone. These data suggest it is reasonable to consider chemoRT as initial therapy, then reassess candidacy for resection if performance status allows.

Parapharyngeal space tumors are rare. Among them, tumors in the prestyloid compartment are particularly suitable for surgery; however, there are no detailed reports of such surgery and their features remain unknown.

We conducted a retrospective cohort study. For 67 surgical cases of benign tumors in this compartment, we examined the patient and tumor characteristics, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), and intraoperative details such as surgical approach, use of complete excision, and postoperative complications.

Pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) comprised 73.1% of the lesions. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAC to differentiate benign and malignant tumors was 97.7%. Of the treated lesions, 94.0% were removed via the cervical approach alone, including all PAs. The remaining 6.0% were resected via the cervical-parotid approach. The median operative time and bleeding volume were 89min and 50mL, respectively. Operative time using the cervical approach was significantly shorter (p=0.021). All cases could be treated via complete surgical excision. Postoperative complications occurred in 32.8% of patients, with transient slight facial palsy being the most common. No fatal complications occurred and 92.5% of patients had no sequelae. There was no significant association between complications and surgical approach.

Based on diagnosis by FNAC, with a high accuracy rate, most benign prestyloid tumors, especially PAs, were resected using the cervical approach alone, with a shorter operative time and without severe complications.

Based on diagnosis by FNAC, with a high accuracy rate, most benign prestyloid tumors, especially PAs, were resected using the cervical approach alone, with a shorter operative time and without severe complications.The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic constituted a crisis situation in which science was very far from Kitcher's ideal of well-ordered science. I suggest that this could and should have been different. Kitcher's ideal should play a role in assessing the allocation of research resources in future crisis situations, as it provides a way to balance highly divergent interests and incorporate the common good into decision-making processes on research.3D printing has emerged as vanguard technique of biofabrication to assemble cells, biomaterials and biomolecules in a spatially controlled manner to reproduce native tissues. In this work, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)/alginate hydrogel scaffolds were obtained by 3D printing and 14-3-3ε protein was encapsulated in the hydrogel to induce osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASC). GelMA/alginate-based grid-like structures were printed and remained stable upon photo-crosslinking. The viscosity of alginate allowed to control the pore size and strand width. A higher viscosity of hydrogel ink enhanced the printing accuracy. Protein-loaded GelMA/alginate-based hydrogel showed a clear induction of the osteogenic differentiation of hASC cells. The results are relevant for future developments of GelMA/alginate for bone tissue engineering given the positive effect of 14-3-3ε protein on both cell adhesion and proliferation.The relationship between genetic and environmental risk is complex and for many traits, estimates of genetic effects may be inflated by passive gene-environment correlation. This arises because biological offspring inherit both their genotypes and rearing environment from their parents. We tested for passive gene-environment correlation in adult body composition traits using the 'natural experiment' of childhood adoption, which removes passive gene-environment correlation within families. Specifically, we compared 6165 adoptees with propensity score matched non-adoptees in the UK Biobank. We also tested whether passive gene-environment correlation inflates the association between psychiatric genetic risk and body composition. alpha-Naphthoflavone We found no evidence for inflation of heritability or polygenic scores in non-adoptees compared to adoptees for a range of body composition traits. Furthermore, polygenic risk scores for anorexia nervosa, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia did not differ in their influence on body composition traits in adoptees and non-adoptees. These findings suggest that passive gene-environment correlation does not inflate genetic effects for body composition, or the influence of psychiatric disorder genetic risk on body composition. Our design does not look at passive gene-environment correlation in childhood, and does not test for 'pure' environmental effects or the effects of active and evocative gene-environment correlations, where child genetics directly influences home environment. However, these findings suggest that genetic influences identified for body composition in this adult sample are direct, and not confounded by the family environment provided by biological relatives.The increasingly serious water pollution of rivers has attracted wide attention from all countries in the world. Investigating spatial variations of water pollution and source apportionment is particularly important for the effective management of river quality. The water samples collected every two months at 31 sampling sites containing 12 water quality parameters during 2018 and 2019 were analyzed to investigate the spatial patterns and the apportionment of the pollutants in the Tuo River. Cluster analysis (CA), pollution index (PI), factor analysis (FA), principal component analysis (PCA), and absolute principal component score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) were used in the current study. The PI found that the Tuo River was most severely polluted with phosphorus and nitrogen. Additionally, compared with that in 2018, the water quality in the Tuo River has significantly improved in 2019. The CA divided the sampling sites into three categories, which are defined as clean, low-polluted, and moderate-polluted areas, respectively. FA/PCA resulted in four latent pollution sources, explaining 74.09% of the total variance. The contributions of the identified pollution sources to pollutants were realized using APCS-MLR. Most variables were mainly affected by the pollution of agricultural runoff, industrial wastewater, domestic sewage, and soil weathering. According to the results, we can also find that agricultural runoff and industrial wastewater were dominating in the Tuo River. These results provide a scientific basis for formulating more reasonable and strict pollution control strategies for the Tuo River.Examining the historical antecedents of racialized immigrant women are important precursors to understanding the challenges they face in access to quality and timely healthcare in Canada. Changes to immigration policies, structural and systemic racial discrimination perpetuate the feminization of migration in Canada, create structural barriers in labour market integration, increase social exclusion and ultimately create unequal access to healthcare services. Despite their high levels of education, racialized immigrant women in Canada are over-represented in low-paid, low-skill precarious jobs. They also face powerful structural barriers to decent professional employment due to the lack of acceptance of foreign educational and licencing credentials. Ultimately, these challenges negatively impact how they interact with healthcare services. Utilizing an intersectional and socio-ecology framework, this review aims to highlight the historical antecedents of racialized immigrant women in access to healthcare services in Canada and examine the challenges racialized immigrant women face in access to healthcare services in Canada. Findings from this review can be used to open dialogues on possible changes to immigration and social policies in Canada, including changes to labour market practices, and initiatives to address structural and systemic barriers, to enable racialized immigrant women overcome the challenges they face in accessing quality healthcare services in a timely manner.An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

To review the efficacy of add-on yoga therapy in improving symptoms of schizophrenia and quality of life and examine the possible underlying biological mechanisms of yoga in schizophrenia.

Quality of life, cognitive symptoms, and negative symptoms have been found to improve with add-on yoga therapy in schizophrenia (pooled mean effect size 0.8, 0.6, and 0.4, respectively). Yoga also seems to have a small effect on improving positive symptoms. Less explored areas include adverse effects of yoga itself as well as its effects on antipsychotic-induced complications. Preliminary findings suggest that the effects of yoga may be mediated by neurohormonal mechanisms and functional changes in brain activity. Add-on yoga therapy is a potential treatment option for improving quality of life, cognitive symptoms, and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Future studies should explore efficacy in multicentric trials as well as possible neurobiological changes underlying the effects.

Quality of life, cognitive symptoms, and negative symptoms have been found to improve with add-on yoga therapy in schizophrenia (pooled mean effect size 0.8, 0.6, and 0.4, respectively). Yoga also seems to have a small effect on improving positive symptoms. Less explored areas include adverse effects of yoga itself as well as its effects on antipsychotic-induced complications. Preliminary findings suggest that the effects of yoga may be mediated by neurohormonal mechanisms and functional changes in brain activity. Add-on yoga therapy is a potential treatment option for improving quality of life, cognitive symptoms, and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Future studies should explore efficacy in multicentric trials as well as possible neurobiological changes underlying the effects.The present study demonstrated that the lower-extremity muscle performance in Chinese community-dwelling postmenopausal women with lower bone mineral density (BMD) was positively associated with hip BMD and negatively associated with estimated fracture risk.

Postmenopausal women are at high risk for osteoporotic fractures. It has been shown that decreased lower-extremity muscle performance is associated with osteoporotic fractures. However, the relationship between muscle performance and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women is inconsistent in the literature. The present study was to investigate the relationship between lower-extremity muscle performance and BMD or estimated fracture risk in community-dwelling postmenopausal women.

Two hundred forty-seven postmenopausal women aged 50-85years were recruited in the study. The short physical performance battery (SPPB) tool including the chair stand test (CST), gait speed test (GST), and balance test (BT) was used to determine lower-extremity functioninith the FRAX score.

The lower-extremity muscle performance in community-dwelling postmenopausal women is positively associated with FNBMD and THBMD and negatively associated with the FRAX score.

The lower-extremity muscle performance in community-dwelling postmenopausal women is positively associated with FNBMD and THBMD and negatively associated with the FRAX score.