Molinacreech5794

Schizandrin A (Sch A) is a major phytochemical from

(Turcz.) Baill. (Schisandraceae), which exerts a neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

To investigate the mechanism of Sch A in AD.

AD group APP/PS1 transgenic mice served as AD models; AD + SCH group APP/PS1 received 2 mg/kg Sch A by intragastric administration; WT C57BL/6 mice were used as control. For

assay, mouse microglial BV2 cells were treated with 0.5 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide or combined with 10 μmol/L Sch A for 24 h. The cognitive function and apoptosis in the mice was estimated. Microglial polarisation in the mice and cells was analysed.

Sch A treatment effectively improved spatial learning and memory ability and suppressed apoptosis in the brain tissues of APP/PS1 mice. APP/PS1 mice exhibited an increase in the levels of Aβ1-42 (2367.9 ± 431.1 pg/mg) and Aβ1-40 (1753.3 ± 253.4 pg/mg), which was abolished by Sch A treatment. Moreover, Sch A treatment repressed the proportions of iNOS

/Iba-1

cells and IL-6 expression, while enhanced the proportions of Arg-1

/Iba-1

cells and IL-10 expression in APP/PS1 mice.

, Sch A treatment reduced the proportions of CD16/32

cells, iNOS expression and IL-6 levels (25.7 ± 5.3 pg/mL) repressed M1 polarisation, and enhanced the proportions of CD206 cells, Arg-1 expression and IL-10 levels (75.9 ± 12.8 pg/mL) in BV2 cells.

This research confirms the neuroprotective effect of Sch A in AD, suggesting that Sch A may become a potential anti-AD agent.

This research confirms the neuroprotective effect of Sch A in AD, suggesting that Sch A may become a potential anti-AD agent.Introduction Classification are essential part of scientific methodology and has important role in medical reporting system. Even after having 46 years long history, Seasonal Hyperacute Panuveitis (SHAPU), the blinding diseases reported mainly from Nepal lacks a standard classification system. Thus, we aim to contribute in the ophthalmic nosology by purposing a classification system for SHAPU.Methodology The classification is suggested on the background of prolonged experience of this entity by the group of investigators who have dedicated years of research on this topic.Conclusion We are optimistic that the proposed classification system will help in effective planning and evaluation of this ocular emergency condition and deliver the appropriate and reliable information for timely management and prevention of complications.

A portion of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) develop resistance to the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), limiting the clinical applications. Previous results have demonstrated the synergistic effects between cryptotanshinone (CPT) and imatinib on apoptosis of CML cells

.

To determine the antileukemia effects of CPT and TKIs on the resistant CML cells, and further investigate the effect of combined treatment of CPT and imatinib on tumour growth and apoptosis in the xenograft model and clarify its regulatory mechanisms.

The combination effects of CPT and second-generation TKIs were evaluated in resistant CML cells K562-R. CPT and imatinib were orally administered once daily for 21 days on K562-R xenografts in nude mice (6 per group). Tumour proliferation and apoptosis were examined by Ki-67, PCNA and TUNEL staining. The expression levels of apoptotic markers and activities of STAT3 and eIF4E pathways were determined via immunohistochemistry staining and western blotting analysis.

CPT significantly enhanced the antiproliferative effects of TKIs, via triggering cleavages of caspase proteins, and inhibiting activities of STAT3 and eIF4E pathways. The administration of CPT and imatinib dramatically inhibited the tumour growth of xenografts and achieved a suppression of 60.2%, which is 2.6-fold higher than that of single imatinib group. Furthermore, CPT and imatinib increased the apoptotic rates and markedly decreased the phosphorylation levels of STAT3 and eIF4E.

Our results demonstrated that CPT could significantly enhance the antileukemia efficacy of TKIs, suggesting the therapeutic potential of CPT to overcome CML resistance.

Our results demonstrated that CPT could significantly enhance the antileukemia efficacy of TKIs, suggesting the therapeutic potential of CPT to overcome CML resistance.Summary The main purpose of the current study was to assess whether there are significant differences among variables, such as social workers' familiarity with the crisis intervention model, receiving up-to-date information about the latest developments in COVID-19, having adequate information about what the symptoms of COVID-19 are, and willingness to work with COVID-19 patients, and social workers' ability to apply the crisis intervention model when they are working with clients and its three sub-scales (assessing and identifying the problem, establishing a relationship, and formulating an action plan). The cross-sectional survey method was used to conduct the sample of the study. The sample (N = 274) used in the study consisted of social workers in Kuwait.Findings The results showed that CIS is valid and reliable and can be trusted to measure levels according to the purpose of the study. Analysis using T-test showed significant relationships between the CIS and study's variables at p less then .05.Application This study would help to raise the knowledge and awareness about the ability of social workers to apply the crisis intervention model during COVID-19 pandemic when they are working with clients and what variables may be associated with it.Introduction Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is one of the most common autoimmune inflammatory disorders of the orbit. The presence of anti-thyroid antibodies is believed to play a role in the pathogenesis and clinical status of the TAO patients. Selleck HSP990 Herein, we review the usefulness of TPOAb as a biomarker for TAO.Methods A systematic search in MEDLINE library was conducted. Results Twenty studies were included. TPO is expressed in orbital tissues, and the polymorphism rs11675434 SNP has proven to be associated with clinically evident TAO. Studies in pediatric patients have shown a positive correlation between high TPOAb levels and TAO. In contrast, results in adults are inconsistent. Some studies imply a protective role of TPOAb, yet the majority did not find any association. Some authors have suggested an implication of TPOAb in the pathophysiology of TAO in TRAb-negative patients.Conclusions The role of TPOAb in TAO remains unclear and controversial.Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that affects many systemic organs, including the eye. The eye is the second most frequently affected organ in patients with sarcoidosis after lung disease. Approximately 30-50% of patients with systemic sarcoidosis develop uveitis, which is a sight-threatening intraocular inflammatory disorder. Sarcoidosis is the leading cause of uveitis in Japan and is one of the major clinical entities in many countries. Therefore, uveitis in association with sarcoidosis (ocular sarcoidosis) is considered essential in clinical practice in ophthalmology. The current review focuses on distinguishing features of ocular sarcoidosis, diagnosis, management, and discussion of the etiology of ocular sarcoidosis.

Point-of-care ultrasonography is an invaluable asset for inpatient decision-making. Whether handheld ultrasound can be utilized in the outpatient management of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is unknown.

We investigated whether a handheld ultrasound estimate of right atrial pressure correlates with B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and clinical outcome over time in PH outpatients.

This prospective study included outpatients in a PH Comprehensive Care Center clinic who had a same-day BNP level. We used a handheld ultrasound to measure inferior vena cava (IVC) size and collapsibility, which were used to estimate right atrial pressure (eRAP) and categorize it as normal, intermediate, or high. Correlation analysis was used to compare these ultrasound measurements to BNP at baseline and over time. Cox regression was used to determine if these measurements were associated with time to clinical worsening.

Ninety patients (60% Group 1 PH) were enrolled. Patients with an intermediate or high eRAP category at baseliics. Clinical trial registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02873039).

Baicalein and simvastatin possess similar pharmacological activities and indications. The risk of their co-administration was unclear.

The interaction between baicalein and simvastatin was investigated to provide reference and guidance for the clinical application of the combination of these two drugs.

The pharmacokinetics of simvastatin was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats (

 = 6). The rats were pre-treated with 20 mg/kg baicalein for 10 days and then administrated with 40 mg/kg simvastatin. The single administration of simvastatin was set as the control group. The rat liver microsomes were employed to assess the metabolic stability and the effect of baicalein on the activity of CYP3A4.

Baicalein significantly increased the AUC





(2018.58 ± 483.11

653.05 ± 160.10 μg/L × h) and



(173.69 ± 35.49

85.63 ± 13.28 μg/L) of simvastatin. The t

of simvastatin was prolonged by baicalein

and

. The metabolic stability of simvastatin was also improved by the co-administration of baicalein. Baicalein showed an inhibitory effect on the activity of CYP3A4 with the IC

value of 12.03 μM, which is responsible for the metabolism of simvastatin.

The co-administration of baicalein and simvastatin may induce drug-drug interaction through inhibiting CYP3A4. The dose of baicalein and simvastatin should be adjusted when they are co-administrated.

The co-administration of baicalein and simvastatin may induce drug-drug interaction through inhibiting CYP3A4. The dose of baicalein and simvastatin should be adjusted when they are co-administrated.Background In this qualitative exploration, we report on a thematic analysis of the key role that engaging in meaningful activities may play in recovery processes for people with a diagnosis of substance use disorder (SUD). Methods We conducted semi-structured, individual interviews with 30 participants and analyzed the parts of this material that were related to meaningful activities. Results The findings are summarized through the development of three broad themes (a) the central role of work-"The wages suck, but the job is gold"; (b) mastery and commitment-"I had to get up early, find my spot, I had to be present and fully functioning all day"; and (c) repairing the bridge to community life-"It's my job and working out that has made this possible, really, I see that now." Conclusion We discuss these findings in relation to a recovery perspective and relevant empirical studies, highlight some important implications for research and practice, and consider the strengths and limitations of the present study.

Peripheral autonomic neuropathy, including enteric neuropathy, may be subtle and unrecognized for several years. Diagnosis of enteric neuropathy demands complicated examinations such as full-thickness bowel biopsy. We hypothesized that knowledge about simultaneous occurrence of different types of neuropathy would lead to faster recognition and diagnosis of autonomic/enteric neuropathy. The aim of the present systematic review was to increase the awareness of disease groups causing autonomic and enteric neuropathy along with sensorimotor neuropathy.

A systematic search strategy was used in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. First, 4978 articles were identified. Review of titles/abstracts rendered exclusion of animal studies, articles not written in English or full-length, case reports, conference abstracts and duplicates until 357 articles remained. The full-length evaluation resulted in 35 studies (27 non-systematic reviews) which described objectively verified peripheral autonomic, enteric and sensorimotor neuropathy within the same disease.