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Synovial cysts are commonly observed soft-tissue masses of the spine, typically extradural and located in the lumbar region. We describe a very rare symptomatic case of a C1-C2 intradural synovial cyst.

A 78-year-old female presented with progressive left side weakness, paresthesia, and hyperreflexia. The magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-circumscribed, subtly enhancing lesion medial to the C1-2 facet, causing cord compression and edema. Using neurophysiological monitoring, surgery included a modified laminectomy of C2 with the removal of the C1 posterior arch. When the dura was opened, a sizable intradural extramedullary lesion was encountered, the cyst was successfully drained and partially resected. The histopathological diagnosis was consistent with a synovial cyst. Postoperatively, the patient's strength on the left side improved gradually until she was fully ambulatory. Postoperative imaging showed no recurrence at 8 months follow-up.

Synovial cysts should be considered among the differential diagnose of C1-2 cysts. They can occur intradurally and compress the spinal cord resulting in a significant neurological deficit. Cyst excision may be accomplished utilizing a limited laminectomy for cyst identification and drainage, accompanied by partial resection of the cyst wall. Such intervention can lead to good clinical outcomes.

Synovial cysts should be considered among the differential diagnose of C1-2 cysts. They can occur intradurally and compress the spinal cord resulting in a significant neurological deficit. Cyst excision may be accomplished utilizing a limited laminectomy for cyst identification and drainage, accompanied by partial resection of the cyst wall. Such intervention can lead to good clinical outcomes.

Few studies have reported on the long-term outcomes of Goel and Harms C1-C2 fusions in the Asian population.

This was a retrospective analysis of 53 patients undergoing Goel and Harms fixation (2010 -2018). Clinical outcomes were assessed utilizing the neck disability index (NDI), Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, and visual analog scale (VAS). Outcomes were then correlated with fusion rates (using dynamic X-rays), atlanto-dens interval (ADI), and space available for cord (SAC) data.

The study's 53 patients averaged 49.98 years of age and included 42 males and 11 females. The mean preoperative versus postoperative scores on multiple outcome measures showed NDI 31.62 ± 11.05 versus decreased to 8.68 ± 3.76 post, mean JOA score (e.g., in 41 patients with myelopathy) improved from 13.20 ± 3.96 to 15.2 ± 2.17, and the mean VAS decreased from 4.85 ± 1.03 to 1.02 ± 0.87 and showed restoration of the ADI (1.96 ± 0.35 mm) and SAC (20.42 ± 0.35 mm). A 98.13% rate of C1-C2 fusion was achieved at 12 postoperative months.

Goel and Harms technique for C1-C2 fusion resulted in both good clinical and radiological outcomes.

Goel and Harms technique for C1-C2 fusion resulted in both good clinical and radiological outcomes.

transarticular screw (TAS) fixation without a supplementary posterior construct, even in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, provides sufficient stability with acceptable clinical results. Itacitinib in vivo Here, we present our experience with 15 RA patients who underwent atlantoaxial (AA) TAS fixation without utilizing a supplementary posterior fusion.

To treat AA instability, all 15 RA patients underwent C1-C2 TAS fixation without a supplementary posterior construct. Patients were followed for at least 24 months. Pre- and postoperative sagittal measures of C1- C2, C2-C7, and C1-C7 angles, atlanto-dens interval (ADI), posterior atlanto-dens interval (PADI), and adjacent segment (i.e., C2-C3) anterior disc height (ADH) were retrospectively recorded from lateral X-ray imaging. The presence or absence of superior migration of the odontoid (SMO), cervical subaxial subluxation, C1-C2 bony fusion, screw pull-out, and screw breakage were also noted.

There was little difference between the pre- and postoperative studies regarding angles measured. Following TAS fixation, the mean ADI shortened, and mean PADI lengthened. There was no difference in the mean measures of C2-C3 ADH. There was no evidence of SMO pre- or postoperatively. Two patients developed anterior subluxation at C5-C6; one of the two also developed anterior subluxation at C2-C3. All patients subsequently showed C1-C2 bony fusion without screw pull-out or breakage.

In RA patients who have undergone C1-C2 TAS fixation, eliminating a supplementary posterior fusion resulted in adequate stability.

In RA patients who have undergone C1-C2 TAS fixation, eliminating a supplementary posterior fusion resulted in adequate stability.

The minimally invasive approaches to the anterior skull base region through fronto-orbital craniotomy remain a highly accepted option that gains countenance and predilection over time. The transpalpebral "eyelid" incision is an under-utilized and more recent technique that offers a safe efficient corridor to manage a wide variety of lesions.

We carried a retrospective study of 44 patients operated on by the fronto-orbital craniotomy through transpalpebral "eyelid" incision for intracranial tumors, in the time period from March 2007 to July 2016. The results from surgeries were analyzed; extent of tumor resection, length of hospital stay, cosmetic outcome, and complications.

Out of the 44 intracranial tumor cases, we had 16 male and 28 female patients with median age 54 years. We had 19 anterior skull base lesions, 8 middle skull base lesions and 8 parasellar lesions. We also operated on four frontal intraparenchymal lesions and four other various lesions. Total resection was achieved in 32 cases (72.7%), with excellent cosmetic outcome in 43 cases (97.7%). Average hospital stay was 6 days. No major complications recorded. Three cases (6.8%) had complications that varied between pseudomeningocele, wound infections, and facial pain. Follow-up average period was 23.6 months.

The fronto-orbital approach through eyelid incision remains a reliable approach to the skull base. It provides natural anatomical dissection planes through the eyelid incision and a fronto-orbital craniotomy, creating a wide surgical corridor to manage specific lesions with consistent surgical and cosmetic outcome.

The fronto-orbital approach through eyelid incision remains a reliable approach to the skull base. It provides natural anatomical dissection planes through the eyelid incision and a fronto-orbital craniotomy, creating a wide surgical corridor to manage specific lesions with consistent surgical and cosmetic outcome.