Milnewiese1729
Self-harm is an important public health problem but therapeutic interventions, particularly for people who have a history of multiple repetition, are not always taken up or effective when they are. The aim of this review is to explore first-hand accounts of what helps outside therapy and identify actions and processes, which can support the reduction or cessation of self-harm.
A systematic review and thematic meta-synthesis of the first-person accounts of what has helped to reduce or stop self-harm reported in primary studies.
The meta-synthesis combined 546 participant excerpts from 56 studies. Two over-arching themes were identified (i) breaking the chain incorporated actions taken to break the link between a person's current psychological or social state and the act of self-harm and (ii) building a new foundation for change captured actions over the longer-term, focusing on practical changes in relationships and in a person's way of life, such as work or living arrangements.
The results emphasize the importance of interpersonal change in reducing or stopping self-harm. While interpersonal factors are acknowledged as important reasons behind self-harm, they are often under-represented in self-management advice and therapeutic interventions that focus on individual psychopathology.
The results emphasize the importance of interpersonal change in reducing or stopping self-harm. While interpersonal factors are acknowledged as important reasons behind self-harm, they are often under-represented in self-management advice and therapeutic interventions that focus on individual psychopathology.The adipose tissue (AT) has a major role in contributing to obesity-related pathologies through regulating systemic immunometabolism. The pathogenicity of the AT is underpinned by its remarkable plasticity to be reprogrammed during obesity, in the perspectives of tissue morphology, extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, angiogenesis, immunometabolic homoeostasis and circadian rhythmicity. Dysregulation in these features escalates the pathogenesis conferred by this endometabolic organ. Intriguingly, the potential to be reprogrammed appears to be an Achilles' heel of the obese AT that can be targeted for the management of obesity and its associated comorbidities. Here, we provide an overview of the reprogramming processes of white AT (WAT), with a focus on their dynamics and pleiotropic actions over local and systemic homoeostases, followed by a discussion of potential strategies favouring therapeutic reprogramming. The potential involvement of AT remodelling in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is also discussed.
Is a recurrent heterozygous mutation in ZP2, c.1925G>A (p.R642Q), associated with the Empty follicle syndrome (EFS)?
ZP2, c.1925G>A (p.R642Q), led to female infertility related to EFS in humans and mice and resulted in ZP2 accumulation in the cytoplasm of oocytes.
EFS is a complex disease defined as a complete failure of oocyte retrieval after ovarian stimulation and after repeated aspirations and flushing of mature ovarian follicles. Furin-mediated cleavage is a post-translational modification (PTM) involved in various physiological processes, but the clear role of PTM mediated by furin cleavage of ZP2 protein on female fertility needs to be further explored. PTM is required for proteins to function in physiological conditions, and its perturbation has been linked to a growing number of human pathologies. Zona pellucida (ZP) proteins, which are important for oocyte development, are regulated post-translationally by well-characterized glycosylation events, as well as by furin-mediated cleavage. Hoe decreased expression of key genes involved in oocyte maturation in ZP2R642Q KI mice compared to WT mice by RNA-sequencing analysis.
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Only three families affected by EFS with the mutation were available because of its rare incidence. Although we have found different expressions of the several indispensable genes related to oocyte development between WT mice and ZP2R642Q KI mice through RNA-sequencing analysis, the specific regulatory mechanisms of the oocyte apoptosis in ZP2R642Q KI mice need to be studied further.
These results are expected to open new avenues for researchers in the exploration of potential therapeutic strategies in treating EFS.
This project is funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC1002804, 2017YFC1001500 and 2016YFC1000200). All authors declared no competing interests.
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N/A.We report the case of a female patient with an obstructing well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour in the apical segment of the completely atelectatic right lower lobe. Bronchoscopic debulking of the tumour lead to re-ventilation of the remaining lobe, allowing to perform a lung-sparing bronchoplastic resection of the affected segment by uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery.In occupational epidemiology, job coding is an important-but time-consuming-step in assigning exposure. We implemented a tool (i.e. a crosswalk) to translate occupation codes from the Italian (ISTAT-CIP-91, n = 6319 five-digit job codes) to the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-68, n = 1881 five-digit job codes). The former is currently used in Italy for various purposes (e.g. in the National Mesothelioma Registry). The latter has been used in several studies on occupational cancers because it facilitates communication of results to the scientific community and, most importantly, because some job exposure matrices (JEMs) are based on international codes. Three authors created a table containing the crosswalk structure, providing an interpretation for each of the ISTAT-CIP-91 codes job descriptions and then manually recoding them according to ISCO-68. Two other authors independently revised it. The performance of the final version was assessed by comparison with results obtained by mancellent accuracy. The table containing ISTAT-CIP-91 codes and job descriptions and the corresponding ISCO-68 codes and job descriptions is made publicly available and can be freely used for epidemiological analyses in Italy and international collaborations.
Risk factors associated with intestinal ischaemia after heart surgery have been previously explored; however, a paucity of data exists with regard to extent of intestinal ischaemia in patients requiring surgical intervention. The purpose of this study is to assess predictors of abdominal exploration and extent of ischaemia following cardiac surgery.
A retrospective single-centre study was performed at a university hospital. The patient sample included consecutive patients between 2009 and 2020 who first received cardiac and then abdominal exploration during the same hospital stay. AT7867 ic50 Control group patients were identified by 11 propensity matching. Logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for laparotomy. Patients of the laparotomy group were further analysed for intraoperative findings from required abdominal operations.
A total of 6832 patients were identified, of whom 70 (1%) underwent abdominal exploration. The median time to exploratory laparotomy was 6 days with no difference betweenrong predictor for the degree of ischaemia and 30-day mortality.Herbicides have revolutionised weed management, increased crop yields and improved profitability allowing for an increase in worldwide food security. Their widespread use, however, has also led to a rise in resistance and concerns about their environmental impact. Despite the need for potent and safe herbicidal molecules, no herbicide with a new mode of action has reached the market in 30 years. Although development of computational approaches has proven invaluable to guide rational drug discovery pipelines, leading to higher hit rates and lower attrition due to poor toxicity, little has been done in contrast for herbicide design. To fill this gap, we have developed cropCSM, a computational platform to help identify new, potent, nontoxic and environmentally safe herbicides. By using a knowledge-based approach, we identified physicochemical properties and substructures enriched in safe herbicides. By representing the small molecules as a graph, we leveraged these insights to guide the development of predictive models trained and tested on the largest collected data set of molecules with experimentally characterised herbicidal profiles to date (over 4500 compounds). In addition, we developed six new environmental and human toxicity predictors, spanning five different species to assist in molecule prioritisation. cropCSM was able to correctly identify 97% of herbicides currently available commercially, while predicting toxicity profiles with accuracies of up to 92%. We believe cropCSM will be an essential tool for the enrichment of screening libraries and to guide the development of potent and safe herbicides. We have made the method freely available through a user-friendly webserver at http//biosig.unimelb.edu.au/crop_csm.
Perianal fistulizing disease can affect up to 25% of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and lead to significant morbidity. While the role of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasingly recognized, its role in fistula development has scarcely been studied. Here, we aimed to define the microbial signature associated with perianal fistulizing CD in children.
A prospective observational study including children age 6-18 years with a diagnosis of perianal fistulizing CD was conducted. Stool samples, rectal and perianal fistula swabs were collected. Stool samples and rectal swabs from children with CD without perianal disease and healthy children were included as comparison. Whole shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed.
A total of 31 children (mean age 15.5 ± 3.5 years) with perianal CD were prospectively enrolled. The fistula-associated microbiome showed an increased in alpha diversity and alteration in the abundance of several taxa compared to the rectal- and fecal-ass the need to better understand the ecosystem of the fistula milieu to guide development of novel microbiome-based strategies in this CD phenotype.
Men and women working in the welding trades undergo the same apprenticeship training but it is unknown whether, once in the trade, their exposures differ. Comparison of urinary metal concentrations, having adjusted for estimated airborne exposure, may provide an answer.
Men and women were recruited to a cohort study of workers in the welding and electrical trades (the Workers Health in Apprenticeship Trades-Metal working and Electrical [WHAT-ME study]). They completed a recruitment questionnaire and further questionnaires every 6 months for up to 5 years. At each follow-up, they gave details on employment and, if welding, answered trade-specific questionnaires. Urine samples were collected by mail. Welding exposure matrices were developed to estimate metal exposures from welding process, base metal, and consumables. Urinary metal concentrations, determined by ICP-MS, were compared by trade (welding or electrical). Within welding, the relation of urinary concentrations to estimated airborne exposure was exand chromium than electrical workers. Exposure estimates of aluminum and chromium for welders were a valid representation of the airborne exposures to these metals. Although male welders were estimated to have higher exposures of chrome and nickel than female welders, the higher urinary metal concentrations in women welders is of concern, particularly for women who may conceive while in the trade.
Welders had higher urinary concentrations of aluminum and chromium than electrical workers. Exposure estimates of aluminum and chromium for welders were a valid representation of the airborne exposures to these metals. Although male welders were estimated to have higher exposures of chrome and nickel than female welders, the higher urinary metal concentrations in women welders is of concern, particularly for women who may conceive while in the trade.
