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arts of the world (Africa, Asia, and Latin America) that the studied neurotoxic substances negatively affected areas of the brain associated with language, memory and executive function, as well as psychosocial behavior. Protecting the environment and children from unregulated and highly polluting metal extraction and processing are inextricably intertwined and deserve urgent attention.The use of solar energy to decompose seawater and produce hydrogen is of great significance in solving the energy crisis. Numerous studies have shown that vacancies can significantly improve photocatalytic activity due to their electron-rich nature. However, our recent research has shown that materials with vacancies are not suitable for photocatalytic reactions in seawater. In this study, g-C3N4 with rich N vacancies was selected as the research object, and urea was used as the precursor; in this system, the N vacancies in g-C3N4 could be effectively reduced by the addition of ZIF-8 (ZCNQx). The activity of ZCNQ40 was 5.6 times higher than that of g-C3N4 in fresh seawater, but only 3.1 times higher in freshwater. Based on the analysis of the experimental results, we believe that g-C3N4 has a limiting relationship between H+ adsorption catalysis and H2 product desorption. In addition, seawater contains many heteroatoms that will also compete with proton (H+) reduction. The results of our study show that catalysts with vacancies are not necessarily suitable for catalytic reactions in seawater media. This research will stimulate new ideas for research into the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy in seawater media.Neodymium (Nd) based perovskite (Nd1-xCoxFeO3) nanostructures were processed to address the rising energy and environment crisis through offering solutions by photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting reactions. The impact of cobalt (Co) ions on the physicochemical properties of Nd-perovskites were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and electron microscopic instruments. The interaction of metal ions was studied in depth via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Absorption and photoluminescence signals inferred the optical band gap to be lowered and defect states to increase upon Co substitution. Improved photocatalytic efficacy in Nd1-xCoxFeO3 was evaluated by comparative studies using NdFeO3. Secondly, the enhanced conductivities in Nd1-xCoxFeO3 studied via Nyquist plot was found to be advantageous in photoelectrode fabrication for PEC functions. Time-dependent photocurrent density results affirmed the stability in processed devices. Co ions were also inferred to boost the separation of charge carriers effectively. The improved performance in Nd1-xCoxFeO3 nanostructures were well justified to the successful incorporation of Co ions that sway the Nd-O, Co-O and Co-Fe-O bondings and boost the photon absorption and electronic conductivity to facilitate the observed performance.In this work, a novel oxide combined with bismuth (Bi) and silver (Ag) was prepared via simple ball milling. This substance was optimized by adjusting the amount of pre-source. Preliminary characterization results confirmed the successful synthesis of Ag4Bi2O5. Subsequently, gaseous toluene was selected as model compound to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of Ag4Bi2O5 photocatalyst. According to the degradation results, Ag4Bi2O5 performed excellent visible light-driven photocatalytic activity with high stability. For the oxidation process of gaseous compound, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were responsible for the achievement, and the formation of oxygen vacancies on Ag4Bi2O5 were involved in the generation of ROS to promote the transfer of photogenerated electrons, and improving photocatalytic activity. DFT calculations revealed the theoretical band gap of Ag4Bi2O5 bulk is 1.758 eV. And the work function of Ag4Bi2O5 (112)ov was ca. at 4.447 eV. The material was easily fabricated and a reliable path was provided for the synthesis of new and efficient photocatalyst for the remediation of polluted indoor air.The synthesis of thiophenic compounds, previously identified in Tagetes patula, revealed that 4-(5'-(hydroxymethyl)-[2,2'-bithiophene]-5-yl)but-3-yn-1-ol), or simply Thio1, has a pronounced in vitro anthelmintic effect against Haemonchus contortus, showing 100% efficacy in the egg hatch and larval development tests presenting EC50 = 0.1731 mg.mL-1 and EC50 = 0.3243 mg.mL-1, respectively. So, this compound was selected to preparation of a nanostructured formulation to be orally administered to Santa Inês sheep. In general, from the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT), it was observed that the product kept the parasitic load in the digestive tract of the hosts stable, with eggs per gram of faeces (EPG) counts having a mean value less then 3,000 (EPGmean = 2167.1, efficacy = 36,45%), thus protecting the animals from health risks caused by a massive nematode infestation. To better understand the mode of action of this thiophene derivative, in silico molecular modeling studies were carried out with the glutamate-activated chloride channel (GluCl), a well-known molecular target of anthelmintic compounds. Based on the affinity score (GlideScore = -5.7 kcal.mol-1) and the proposed binding mode, Thio1 could be classified as a potential GluCl ligand, justifying the promising results observed in the anthelmintic assays.Animal trypanosomiasis, caused by the members of subgenus Trypanozoon (Trypanosoma brucei brucei, T. evansi and T. equiperdum), has reduced animal productivity leading to significant negative economic impacts in endemic regions. Due to limited drug discovery and the emergence of drug-resistance over many recent decades, novel and effective compounds against animal trypanosomiasis are urgently required. This study was conducted to evaluate the antitrypanosomal potential of a batch of carbazole aminoalcohol derivatives. Among them, we found that the most effective compound was H1402, which exhibited potent trypanocidal efficacy against the bloodstream-form of T. b. brucei (EC50 = 0.73 ± 0.05 µM) and presented low cytotoxicity against two mammalian cell lines with CC50 > 30 µM. Using a murine model of acute infection, oral administration with H1402 demonstrated a complete clearance of T. selleck b. brucei and all the infected mice were cured when they were treated twice daily for 5 days at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Furthermore, parasites were not detected in mice infected with T.