Michelsenvillarreal0865

Trace poisonous and harmful gases in the air have been harming and affecting people's health for a long time. At present, effective and accurate detection of ppb-level harmful gas is still a bottleneck to be overcome. Herein, we report a ppb-level TEA gas sensor based onp-n heterojunction of Co3O4/WO3, which is prepared with ZIF-67 as the precursor and provides Co3O4 deposited tungsten oxide flower-like structure. Due to the introduction of Co3O4 and the 3D flower-like structure of WO3, the Co3O4/WO3-2 gas sensor shows excellent gas sensing performance (1101 for 10 ppm at 240 °C), superb selectivity, good long-term stability and linear response for TEA concentration. Moreover, the experimental results indicate that the Co3O4/WO3-2 gas sensor also possesses a good response to 50 ppb TEA, in fact, the theoretical limit of detection (LLD) is 0.6 ppb. Co3O4 not only improves the efficiency of electron separation/transport, but also accelerates the oxidation rate of TEA. This method of synthesizing p-n heterojunction with ZIF as the precursor provides a new idea and method for the preparation of low detection limit gas sensors.The accident at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant caused radioactive materials to spread outside the plant. To limit exposure in the area, air dose rates have been measured. When the dose rate exceeded an acceptable upper bound, the area was decontaminated by stripping soil and washing roads. Immediately after the accident, it was not clear how much of an effect outdoor contamination had on dose rates in inside houses. This paper discusses the effect of outdoor contamination on indoor air dose rates and factors influencing those dose rates based upon actual measurements taken of a wooden house standing on flat land in the area around the power plant. In addition, the effects of indoor horizontal distribution, height distribution, and decontamination are discussed using simple model simulations. As a result, the following was found, although within the range of air dose rates and location conditions measured in this study ・ Horizontal variation in indoor air dose rates decreases monotonically toward the center of the house. Once decontamination has been performed, the overall dose rate decreases and variation becomes smaller. This trend is thought to be mainly due to expansion of a low-dose area. ・ Vertical changes in indoor air dose rates are not straightforward. It is estimated that the dose rate decreases near the ground surface, then tends to increase going higher and finally decreases even higher up. This change in dose rates is thought to be due to the effect of radioactive materials permeating the soil. ・ Recognition of the effects of these factors is important when estimating indoor air dose rates because indoor air dose rates are affected by the degree of decontamination, house size, and degree of penetration of radionuclides into the soil.Herein, TiO2 nanotubes (T-NTs) arrays were subjected to two types of treatment followed by a simple metal deposition technique to significantly enhance the performances of T-NTs based electrochemical sensing of dopamine. The first type of treatment was done by soaking T-NTs in sodium hydroxide solution for an optimal time to enhance the conductivity and charge carrier density. The second type of treatment employed was laser irradiation, which induces crystallinity disorder and forms rutile TiO2, promoting active analyte adsorption sites. Afterward, silver (Ag) was electro-deposited on the T-NTs as a dopamine sensing catalyst to form T-NTs/Ag nanohybrids. The dual-treated T-NTs based sensor showed 3-fold enhancement in sensitivity (from 8.2 μA mM-1 cm-2 to 32 μA mM-1 cm-2), reduced charge transfer resistance (from 38 x 10-6 Ω to 0.7 x 10-6 Ω), above 2 order higher donor charge density (from 3.58 x 1018 cm-3 to 1.41 x 1021 cm-3), and reduced limit of detection (from 32.3 µM to 2.8 µM) in comparison to plain T-NTs based sensor. In addition, the sensitivity reported here is significantly higher than most of the previously reported TiO2 based dopamine sensors. Perspective-wise, the dual treatment approach is a promising technique and is highly desirable for enhancing the performances of T-NTs and other nanomaterial based electrochemical sensors.Anatomical changes during proton therapy require rapid treatment plan adaption to mitigate the associated dosimetric impact. This in turn requires a highly efficient workflow that minimizes the time between imaging and delivery. At the Paul Scherrer Institute, we have developed an online adaptive workflow, which is specifically designed for treatments in the skull-base/cranium, with the focus set on simplicity and minimizing changes to the conventional workflow. The dosimetric and timing performance of this daily adaptive proton therapy (DAPT) workflow has been experimentally investigated using an in-house developed DAPT software and specifically developed anthropomorphic phantom. After a standard treatment preparation, which includes the generation of a template plan, the treatment can then be adapted each day, based on daily imaging acquired on an in-room CT. The template structures are then rigidly propagated to this CT and the daily plan is fully re-optimized using the same field arrangement, DVH constraints and optimization settings of the template plan. Entinostat manufacturer After a dedicated plan QA, the daily plan is delivered. To minimize the time between imaging and delivery, clinically integrated software for efficient execution of all online adaption steps, as well as tools for comprehensive and automated QA checks, have been developed. Film measurements of an end-to-end validation of a multi-fraction DAPT treatment showed high agreement to the calculated doses. Gamma pass rates with a 3%/3 mm criteria were >92% when comparing the measured dose to the template plan. Additionally, a gamma pass rate >99% was found comparing measurements to the Monte Carlo dose of the daily plans reconstructed from the logfile, accumulated over the delivered fractions. With this, we experimentally demonstrate that the described adaptive workflow can be delivered accurately in a timescale similar to a standard delivery.Two samples with [001] orientated rhenium disulfide (ReS2) nanowalls (NWs) grown above and in front of precursor (NH4ReO4) by chemical vapor deposition were investigated. The temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) indicated that the PL peak exhibited linear blue-shift at a rate of ~0.24 meV/K with increasing the temperature from 10 K to 300 K, while the linewidth monotonically increased due to the exciton-phonon interaction. This abnormal blue-shift of PL emission energy, which is explained by a competition between the band gap shrinkage and the energy level degeneracy with respect to the increase of temperature and lattice constant, enables ReS2 NWs to possess great potential for development of thermal sensors. In addition, exciton localization effect in the ReS2 NWs from abundant edges and weak interlayer interaction was also observed to be related to the height and density of ReS2 NWs. These results not only enrich the understanding for exciton dynamics in ReS2 NWs, but also help to exploit ReS2 NWs for device applications.Three-dimensional (3D) culture techniques, such as spheroid and organoid cultures, have gained increasing interest in biomedical research. However, the understanding and control of extracellular matrix (ECM) effect in spheroid and organoid culture has been limited. Here, we report a biofabrication approach to efficiently form uniform-sized 3D hepatocyte spheroids and encapsulate them in a hybrid hydrogel composed of alginate and various ECM molecules. Cells were seeded in a microwell platform to form spheroid before being encapsulated directly in a hybrid hydrogel containing various ECM molecules, including collagen type I (COL1), collagen type IV (COL4), fibronectin (FN), and laminin (LM). A systematic analysis of the effect of ECM molecules on the primary mouse hepatocyte phenotype was then performed. Our results showed that hydrogel encapsulation of hepatocyte spheroid promoted hepatic marker expression and secretory functions. In addition, different ECM molecules elicited distinct effects on hepatic functions in 3D encapsulated hepatocyte spheroids, but not in 2D hepatocyte and 3D non-encapsulated spheroids. When encapsulated in hybrid hydrogel containing LM alone or COL1 alone, hepatocyte spheroids exhibited improved hepatic functions overall. Analysis of gene and protein expression showed an upregulation of integrin α1 and integrin α6 when LM was introduced in the hybrid hydrogel, suggesting a possible role of integrin signaling involved in the ECM effect. Finally, a combinatorial screening was performed to demonstrate the potential to screen a multitude of 3D microenvironments of varying ECM combinations that exhibited synergistic influence, indicating a strong positive effect of COL1 and a negative interaction effect of COL1·LM on both albumin and urea secretion. These findings illustrate the broad application potential of this biofabrication approach in identifying optimal ECM composition(s) for engineering 3D tissue, and elucidating defined ECM cues for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Public health research studies often rely on population-based participation and draw on various recruitment methods to establish samples. Increasingly researchers are turning to web-based recruitment tools. However, few studies detail traditional and online recruitment efforts in terms of costs and potential biases.

Our objective is to report on and evaluate the cost and time effectiveness and sociodemographic representation of diverse recruitment methods used to enroll participants in 3 cities of the INTErventions, Research, and Action in Cities Team (INTERACT) study, a cohort study conducted in Canadian cities.

Over 2017 and 2018 in Vancouver, Saskatoon, and Montreal, INTERACT used the following recruitment methods mailed letters, social media (including sponsored Facebook ads), news media, partner communications, snowball recruitment, in-person recruitment, and posters. Participation in the study involved answering online questionnaires (at minimum), activating a smartphone app to share sensor data, improve our capacity to conduct inclusive intervention research.

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated healthcare professionals to transition to telehealth, often with little preparation or training. E-learning is an accessible and scalable method of delivering health professional education. The PEAK (Physiotherapy Exercise and physical Activity for Knee osteoarthritis) e-learning modules were developed to upskill physiotherapists in evidence-based management of knee osteoarthritis (OA) via telehealth and in-person. In the research setting, the PEAK e-learning modules are perceived by physiotherapists as effective when part of a comprehensive training program for a clinical trial. However, effectiveness of the PEAK modules on their own, in a 'real-world' setting, is unknown.

Evaluate reach, effectiveness, adoption and implementation of the PEAK e-learning modules.

This is a longitudinal study informed by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. Participants were clinicians, researchers, educators and healthcare students who registered for access to the modules between April 1st and November 30th 2020.