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9%. Genome-based calculations (genome-to-genome distance and DNA G+C percentage) and pairwise amino acid identity (AAI less then 73.5%) indicate that RG-N-1aT represents a novel genus. RG-N-1aT (=DSM 108317T=NCAIM B.02647T) is suggested as the type strain of a novel genus and species in the family Rhodobacteraceae, for which the name Fertoeibacter niger gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed.Introduction. check details Oral tissues are generally homeostatic despite exposure to many potential inflammatory agents including the resident microbiota. This requires the balancing of inflammation by regulatory mechanisms and/or anti-inflammatory commensal bacteria. Thus, the levels of anti-inflammatory commensal bacteria in resident populations may be critical in maintaining this homeostatic balance.Hypothesis/Gap Statement. The incidence of immunosuppressive streptococci in the oral cavity is not well established. Determining the proportion of these organisms and the mechanisms involved may help to understand host-microbe homeostasis and inform development of probiotics or prebiotics in the maintenance of oral health.Aim. To determine the incidence and potential modes of action of immunosuppressive capacity in resident oral streptococci.Methodology. Supragingival plaque was collected from five healthy participants and supragingival and subgingival plaque from five with gingivitis. Twenty streptococci from each samplehost-microbe homeostasis.Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of a voluntary walking program that combined moderate physical activity and student interaction on student retention at a community college. Methods A sample of 69 students at a suburban community college voluntarily joined a walking program and logged the number of minutes they walked and the number of people they spoke to each day. Using a Chi-Squared Test of Independence, the study sample was compared to a matched sample of nonparticipating students. link2 Results There was a significant difference in these groups relative to retention. A Fisher's Exact Test was used to consider (a) the difference between participants who walked at least 150 minutes per week Reference (1) and those who did not relative to retention and (b) the difference between participants who interacted while walking and those who did not relative to retention. These tests showed no significant differences. Conclusions Participation in the walking program was significantly associated with retention, but amount of moderate activity or interaction was not.Vaccination is an essential way to prevent the transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Various studies have been published on the cost-effectiveness of HBV vaccination, but since the results vary according to the target population and related health outcomes, this study examined the cost-effectiveness of the universal HBV vaccination in Iran. In this economic evaluation study, a decision tree with the Markov model was used to compare the universal HBV vaccination with a strategy of non-vaccination. Health states used in the model included healthy, chronic hepatitis B, compensated cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. Analyses were performed from a payer's perspective. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per life-year gained, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained were calculated at a 5% annual discount rate. The sensitivity analysis was conducted using Monte Carlo simulation. Analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel and TreeAge Pro 2011 software. In 2017, the estimated cost per dose for any HBV vaccine was $3.20 USD. The universal HBV vaccination was economically advantageous compared to non-vaccination, and the estimated cost of this program per life-year and QALY gained were $6,319 and negative (-) $1,183.85 USD, respectively. Given the uncertainty of all parameters, the model remained robust and reliable. In Iran, the universal HBV vaccination strategy for both health outcomes of QALY and life-years gained was cost-effective and advantageous. The vaccination strategy saved money, increased life years and improved quality of life. Therefore, it is recommended that this program continues to be provided.Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been associated with increased prevalence of eating disorders. In men, disordered eating is often related to the muscularized ideal. Sexual minority men (SMM; e.g., gay, bisexual, etc.) are at higher risk for eating disorders and Latino SMM may be at particularly high risk; however, IPV and eating pathology has yet to be examined in this population. Therefore, the aim of this study is to elucidate the association between IPV and muscularity-related dissatisfaction and muscularity-oriented behavior in Latino SMM. Participants were 81 Latino SMM. Thirty participants (37% of the sample) met the cutoff score for experiencing IPV in the past month. In bivariate analyses, IPV was associated with muscularity-oriented behavior, but not muscularity-related dissatisfaction. In multivariable analyses, IPV was negatively associated with muscularity-related dissatisfaction with a small effect size and positively associated with muscularity-oriented behavior with a large effect size. It may be that SMM engage in muscle building behavior to increase self-esteem, regulate affect, or better physically protect themselves from their abusive partner. Future research should investigate motivation for muscle building behavior in individuals experiencing IPV.Purpose To explore the feasibility of corneal morphological and biomechanical parameters for keratoconus and forme fruste keratoconus diagnosis.Methods This case-control study included a total of 517 eyes from 408 keratoconus patients (KC group), 83 eyes from 83 forme fruste keratoconus patients (FFKC group), and 158 eyes from 158 patients with normal corneas (NL group). All subjects underwent routine ophthalmologic examinations. Pentacam and Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST) were used to obtain corneal morphological and biomechanical parameters. Differences between groups were compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results ROC analysis showed that all corneal morphological parameters and most biomechanical parameters distinguished KC from NL, with an area under the curve (AUC) greater than 0.80, of which Belin-Ambrósio enhanced ectasia total deviation index (BAD-D) and tomographic and biomechanical index (TBI) were most efficient. The AUC for distinguishistinguishing KC from NL. Except for AstigF, other corneal morphological and biomechanical parameters have a relatively low ability to distinguish FFKC from NL.Purpose To evaluate the success rates of transcanalicular diode laser-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy (TCL-DCR) during 3 years of follow-up and to find clinical factors that influence surgical outcomes.Methods Major outcomes were the anatomical success defined as a patent neo-ostium tested by irrigation and the functional success defined as a patent osteotomy with the absence of epiphora, accessed at 6-month, 1, 2, and 3-year follow-up visits. link3 To determine which factors influence success rates, patients were divided according to gender, age, previous lacrimal surgeries, nasosinusal anatomy, energy employed, treatment with topical prostaglandin analogs, and timing of extubation.Results A total of 134 eyes were included. 55.2% of patients underwent peribulbar block. The surgical mean duration was 30.6 min. We obtained anatomical and functional success rates of 80.0% and 70.8% at 6 months; 69.3% and 61.4% at 1 year; 64.2% and 58.0% at 2 years; 56.4% and 46.2% at 3 years, respectively. Functional success was significantly higher in younger patients (p = .008). Bicanalicular intubation for 2 months improved anatomical and functional success rates (p = .028 and p = .001, respectively). No other factors showed a significant impact. 85.8% of patients didn´t experience any complications. Palpebral swelling was the most frequent complication.Conclusion TCL-DCR is a minimally invasive, repeatable, and safe alternative to treat nasolacrimal duct obstructions. We found success rates comparable to literature and stated that younger patients and those intubated for 2 months show better results.Retinal imaging remains the mainstay for monitoring and grading diabetic retinopathy. The gold standard for detecting proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) requiring treatment has long been the seven-field stereoscopic fundus photography and fluorescein angiography. In the past decade, ultra-wide field fluorescein angiography (UWF-FA) has become more commonly used in clinical practice for the evaluation of more advanced diabetic retinopathy. Since its invention, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been an important tool for the assessment of diabetic macular edema; however, OCT offered little in the assessment of neovascular changes associated with PDR until OCT-A became available. More recently, swept source OCT allowed larger field of view scans to assess a variety of DR lesions with wide field swept source optical coherence tomography (WF-SS-OCTA). This paper reviews the role of WF-SS-OCTA in detecting neovascularization of the disc (NVD), and elsewhere (NVE), microaneurysms, changes of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA), and capillary non-perfusion, as well as limitations of this evolving technology.The reemergence of smallpox as a bioterrorism attack is now an increasing and legitimate concern. Advances in synthetic biology have now made it possible for the virus to be synthesized in a laboratory, with methods publicly available. Smallpox introduction into a susceptible population, with increased immunosuppression and an aging population, raises questions of how vaccination should be used in an epidemic situation when supply may be limited. We constructed three modified susceptible-latent-infectious-recovered (SEIR) models to simulate targeted, ring and mass vaccination in response to a smallpox outbreak in Sydney, Australia. We used age-specific distributions of susceptibility, infectivity, contact rates, and tested outputs under different assumptions. The number of doses needed of second- and third-generation vaccines are estimated, along with the total number of deaths at the end of the epidemic. We found a faster response is the key and ring vaccination of traced contacts is the most effective strategy and requires a smaller number of doses. However if public health authorities are unable to trace a high proportion of contacts, mass vaccination with at least 125,000 doses delivered per day is required. This study informs a better preparedness and response planning for vaccination in a case of a smallpox outbreak in a setting such as Sydney.Background and Objective Confounding factors should be considered when predicting visual prognosis after epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery. We aimed to predict visual acuity after ERM surgery using regression tree analysis.Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 343 eyes of 343 patients who underwent vitrectomy for idiopathic ERM. Regression tree analysis was performed to predict best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 6 months postoperatively.Results Patients were first divided into two groups based on preoperative BCVA. Age, central macular thickness, and axial length were associated with visual prognosis in patients with specific preoperative BCVAs. When patients were subdivided into groups 1-8, BCVA was significantly better in group 1 than in groups 4-8 (p≤0.001), and in groups 2-5 and 7 than in groups 6 and 8 (p≤0.002).Conclusion Surgical prognosis in eyes with ERM should be evaluated based on a comprehensive assessment of preoperative characteristics.