Meierahmad0429

5 has been proposed, and its GF value is 23.8. This study realized the conversion from cheap waste fibers to high-value conductive fibers with excellent performances for multifunctional wearable sensors and energy devices via a simple and "green" method.Nontoxic tin-based perovskite solar cells (Sn-PSCs) as a promising alternative to toxic Pb-PSCs have drawn great attention in recent years for their environmental friendliness and unique optoelectronic properties. However, both the efficiency and long-term stability of Sn-PSCs are considerably inferior to those of Pb-based ones. One of the main reasons is the difficulty in obtaining high-quality Sn-perovskite films due to the rapid crystallization of Sn-perovskites, which also results in poor device reproducibility. Here, we report a novel cation exchange strategy to prepare high-quality formamidinium tin triiodide (FASnI3) perovskite films with a better controlled crystallization process and improved reproducibility, which allows easy access to smooth and pinhole-free perovskite films with oriented crystal growth, enlarged grain size, and reduced trap-state density. The corresponding Sn-PSCs show excellent photovoltaic performance with a champion efficiency of 9.11%, comparable to the best results reported for FASnI3-PSCs, and the devices also demonstrate outstanding long-term stability without encapsulation. Our results offer a practical strategy for fabricating Sn-PSCs with superb performance and stability.

This qualitative narrative review aims to identify and evaluate the potential, challenges and pitfalls of pay-for-performance (P4P) schemes for the home care of adults with a disability. Due to a limited experimentation with P4P schemes in the context of the home and disability care sectors, the authors conducted a narrative review focusing on related areas of care, primarily nursing home care, to better understand the effectiveness of P4P schemes as a care intervention and evaluate the challenges associated with the introduction of these schemes.

The authors employed a narrative review approach to examine the effectiveness of P4P schemes as a care intervention. The approach included a manual content analysis of the relevant academic and grey literature, focusing on the potential, challenges and pitfalls of P4P for care funders and providers.

There is some, albeit limited, evidence from other related areas of care to support the effectiveness of P4P to improve the quality of care or the efficiency of ituidance to home care funders, providers and policymakers in care settings.

This study critically evaluates the potential of P4P as a care intervention for the home care and disability sectors. By evaluating the potential, challenges and pitfalls associated with P4P in related areas of care, the study provides guidance to home care funders, providers and policymakers in care settings.Background Catatonia is often overlooked, and a key factor for underdiagnosis may be an inadequate understanding of catatonia's heterogeneous phenotypes. The aim of this study was to identify the current state of theoretical and applied knowledge of catatonic features among psychiatry trainees and practitioners using the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS), the most commonly used instrument to identify and score catatonia.Methods We created an online 50-item multiple-choice test and 3-minute standardized patient video to be scored using the BFCRS. Email invitations were sent to medical students and psychiatry residents and fellows through listservs of psychiatry clerkship and residency directors and to consultation-liaison psychiatrists through the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry. Participants could access the exam from October 1 to December 31, 2020.Results In our sample (n = 482), participants correctly answered an average of 55% of test questions and identified 69% of BFCRS items on the standardized patient exam. Multivariable regression adjusting for demographics revealed that, compared to medical students, psychiatrists scored 7 points higher on the multiple-choice test and identified only 2 more items correctly on the BFCRS. Older participants performed worse than younger participants. No meaningful performance differences were identified by region or gender. Several items were consistently misidentified.Conclusions We found significant inaccuracies in clinicians' understanding of catatonic features irrespective of their stage of training and years of experience. selleck compound These data suggest prevalent gaps in catatonia recognition among psychiatrists, psychiatry trainees, and medical students utilizing the BFCRS. This has important implications for clinical research and patient care.Medical students tend to have difficulties in developing a holistic view of metabolic pathway and hormone regulation. To address this issue, an interactive activity was implemented for first-year medical students at the School of Medicine, University of Minho, Portugal. Students' previous knowledge on metabolic pathways was evaluated by a pre-test followed by an interactive activity. In the supervised activity, students were challenged to elaborate a diagrammatic representation regarding enzymes, co-factors, and hormonal metabolic regulation in early fasting during the night, as well as in well-fed conditions. The activity was concluded with a post-test to determine the students' learning gains and a few days later students were evaluated by a final exam. Afterwards, students evaluated the activity by filling a questionnaire. Results from four different cohorts showed that the activity resulted in significant learning gains, particularly favoring students who have less prior knowledge. The comparison between the pre-test and the final exam also revealed significant learning gains for low achievers students. On the questionnaires, the majority of the students rated the activity as good or very good. Students agreed that this activity promotes (a) reactivation of previous knowledge; (b) a better understanding of the interconnections between the metabolic pathways; (c) the application of learned concepts in real scenarios; and (d) sharing knowledge with peers. This study describes an active, unpretentious, and easily implemented activity available for early medical and biochemical curricula.

To investigate whether the integrative echocardiographic criteria used in the cardiovascular outcomes assessment of the mitraclip percutaneous therapy (COAPT) for heart failure patients with functional mitral regurgitation study predict outcomes after edge-to-edge trancatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) for the treatment of secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR).

Two randomized controlled trials comparing TMVr to medical treatment reported conflicting findings. Differences in patient selection criteria may have contributed to these diverging results.

Patients undergoing TMVr were stratified following the integrative COAPT echocardiographic criteria in noneligible and eligible patients who were further classified into three tiers according to effective regurgitant orifice (EROA) (Tier 1 EROA ≥ 0.3cm

 ; Tier 2 EROA 0.2cm

and 0.29cm

 ; Tier 3 EROA<0.2cm

) combined with several other severity criteria. We assessed between group differences in all-cause mortality, successful SMR reduction, and symptom relief from baseline to 2-year follow-up.

Between March 2011 and March 2018, 138 patients (mean age 75 years) satisfying the inclusion criteria underwent TMVr for treatment of symptomatic SMR. The mean EROA area was 0.35 ± 0.17 mm

. Ten patients (7%) died within 30 days, 29 (21%) within 12 months, and 41 (30%) within 2 years. After stratification according to the COAPT echocardiographic criteria that were fulfilled in 72% of the studied population, Tier 2 patients (45%), as well as noneligible patients (38%) had a higher mortality rate compared to those in Tier 1 (19%).

SMR patients stratified into tiers according to the COAPT integrative echocardiographic criteria have diverging prognostic and symptomatic benefit after edge-to-edge TMVr.

SMR patients stratified into tiers according to the COAPT integrative echocardiographic criteria have diverging prognostic and symptomatic benefit after edge-to-edge TMVr.Pediatric-type follicular lymphomas are rare lymphomas, affecting mostly children and young adults. These are characterized by an excellent prognosis, despite their conservative therapeutic approach. Recognized as an entity in the most recent 2016 WHO classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, its diagnosis is based on the recognition of an exclusively nodular architecture, thus conditioning the possibility of a cytological diagnosis. It is thus not odd, the scant literature found on the cytological approach to these lesions. Herein we describe a case of a pediatric-type follicular lymphoma, first approached through fine needle biopsy. The case is thoroughly discussed from a cytologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular point of view. Differential diagnoses are discussed. The final diagnosis was performed on histology.ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin T-cell lymphoma. Compared to ALK-positive ALCL, patients with ALK-negative ALCL typically are older, present with nodal disease, and have lower survival rates. We report a unique presentation of ALK-negative ALCL in a pleural fluid. Cell block preparation enabled both confirmation of the diagnosis via immunohistochemical staining and gene rearrangement testing for prognostic information.

When treating lung tumors with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), patient immobilization is of outmost importance. In this study, the intra-fractional shifts of the patient (based on bony anatomy) and the tumor (based on the visible target volume) are quantified, and the associated impact on the delivered dose is estimated for a frameless immobilization approach in combination with surface guided radiation therapy (SGRT) monitoring.

Cone beam computed tomographies (CBCT) were collected in free breathing prior and after each treatment for 25 patients with lung tumors, in total 137 fractions. The CBCT collected after each treatment was registered to the CBCT collected before each treatment with focus on bony anatomy to determine the shift of the patient, and with focus on the visible target volume to determine the shift of the tumor. Rigid registrations with 6 degrees of freedom were used. The patients were positioned in frameless immobilizations with their position and respiration continuously mon

Using SGRT for motion management and respiration monitoring in combination with a frameless immobilization is a feasible approach for lung SBRT.

Using SGRT for motion management and respiration monitoring in combination with a frameless immobilization is a feasible approach for lung SBRT.

To investigate passive smoking throughout the life course and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while accounting for personal smoking.

We analyzed the Nurses' Health Study II prospective cohort, using information collected via biennial questionnaires. We assessed the influence of (1) maternal smoking during pregnancy (in utero exposure), (2) childhood parental smoking, and (3) years lived with smokers since age 18. Incident RA and serostatus was determined by medical record review. Using the marginal structural model framework, we estimated the controlled direct effect of each passive smoking exposure on adult incident RA risk by serologic phenotype, controlling for early-life and time-updated adult factors including personal smoking.

Among 90,923 women, we identified 532 incident RA cases (66% seropositive) during 27.7 years (median) of follow-up. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with RA after confounding adjustment (HR 1.25 [95% CI 1.03, 1.52]), but not after accounting for subsequent smoking exposures.