Medeirosvinding3651

Annual trend of inbreeding was also estimated fitting a simple linear regression of lamb's inbreeding coefficient on the birth year. Results Average inbreeding coefficient of the population was 1.63 percent. Annual increase rate of inbreeding of the flock was 0.11 percent (P less then 0.01). The results showed that the effect of inbreeding in different quantiles of growth traits is not similar. Also, inbreeding affected differently on growth traits, considering lambs' sex and type of birth. Conclusion Quantile regression revealed that inbreeding did not have similar effect on different quantiles of growth traits in Iranian Baluchi lambs indicating that at a given age and inbreeding coefficient, lambs with different sex and birth type were not equally influenced by inbreeding.Objective Estimate genetic parameters for milk yield traits using daily milk yield records from parlour data generated in an intensively managed commercial dairy farm with Jersey and Jersey-Friesian cows in Sri Lanka. Methods Genetic parameters were estimated for first and second lactation predicted and realized 305-day milk yield using univariate animal models. Genetic parameters were also estimated for total milk yield for each 30-day intervals of the first lactation using univariate animal models and for daily milk yield using random regression models fitting second-order Legendre polynomials and assuming heterogeneous residual variances. Breeding values for predicted 305-day milk yield were estimated using an animal model. Results For the first lactation, the heritability of predicted 305-day milk yield in Jersey cows (0.08 ± 0.03) was higher than that of Jersey-Friesian cows (0.02 ± 0.01). The second lactation heritability estimates were similar to that of first lactation. The repeatability of the daily milk records was 0.28 ± 0.01 and the heritability ranged from 0.002 ± 0.05 to 0.19 ± 0.02 depending on day of milk. Pearson product-moment correlations between the bull EBVs in Australia and bull EBVs in Sri Lanka for 305-day milk yield were 0.39 in Jersey cows and -0.35 in Jersey-Friesian cows. Conclusion The heritabilities estimated for milk yield in Jersey and Jersey-Friesian cows in Sri Lanka were low, and were associated with low additive genetic variances for the traits. Sire differences in Australia were not expressed in the tropical low-country of Sri Lanka. Therefore, genetic progress achieved by importing genetic material from Australia can be expected to be slow. This emphasizes the need for a within-country evaluation of bulls to produce locally adapted dairy cows.Objective Thyroid hormone responsive spot 14 alpha (THRSP) has been used to investigate the regulation of de novo lipogenesis because the variation of THRSP mRNA content in the tissue affects directly the ability of that tissue to synthetize lipids. Also, this gene responds to thyroid hormone stimulation and high level of carbohydrate feeding or insulin-injection. This study was carried out to investigate variations within THRSP and their effects on body and carcass weights in Korean native chicken (KNC). Methods A total of 585 chickens which represent the five lines of KNC (Black, Gray-Brown, Red-Brown, White, and Yellow-Brown) were reared and body weight data were recorded every two weeks from hatch until 20 weeks of age. PCR-RFLP, DNA chips for Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer, and Fluidigm Genotyping Technology, were applied to genotype selected markers. A linear mixed-effect model was used to access association between these SNP markers and growth-related traits. Results A total of 30 polymorphisms were investigated in THRSP. Of these, nine SNPs for loci were selected to perform association analyses. Significant associations were detected between g.-49G>T SNP with BW20, g.451T>C SNP with GR10-12 trait, and g.1432A>C SNP with GR14-16 trait and BW18. Moreover, diplotype of the THRSP gene significantly affected BW12 and GR10-12 traits. Diplotype of ht1/ht2 was favorable for BW12 and GR10-12 traits. Conclusion These results suggest that THRSP can be regarded as a candidate gene for growth traits in Korean native chicken.Objective The present study was aimed at (i) reduction in dimensionality using principal component analysis of 17 linear udder type traits to define those components which best represent udder and teat conformation of Indian Sahiwal cattle and (ii) to identify those components having strongest relationship with milk production traits in Sahiwal cattle. Methods The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) included 17 linear udder type traits using the correlation matrix between the traits to ensure that all traits are standardized in the analysis. Bartlett's sphericity test was used to determine the degree of interrelations between variables and adequacy for use in factor analysis. The relationship of these principal components with milk production traits was analysed using the general linear model. Results The means of linear udder type trait measurements varied between -2.21 for udder balance and 136.35 for udder circumference. Out of 17 principal components, six were extracted using Kaiser Rule criterion. Vismodegib The identified six components could explain 75.777% of the cumulative variance between the linear udder type traits. The communality ranged from 0.476 (rear udder width) to 0.967 (fore teat length) for all these 17 different udder type traits. A relation between first principal component and 305-day milk production was significant with a positive and non-significant effect of 305-day milk-fat yield (305 DF) and 305-day milk-protein yield (305 DP). Conclusion Results of PCA suggest that the use of orthogonal synthetic variables principal component one (PC1), two (PC2) and three (PC3) provided a means of reduction in the number of linear udder type traits to be recorded in Sahiwal cattle which could be used in explaining the whole udder and teat conformation. The PC1 can be used in selection to explain the mammary system of better milk producing animals to be used in breeding programmes.Objective To explore the molecular mechanisms of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in laying hens, an experiment was conducted to reveal the differences in histopathological observation and gene expression between FLHS group and normal group. Methods We compared the histopathological difference using hematoxylin and eosin staining and proceeded with RNA sequencing of adipose tissue to search differentially expressed genes and enriched biological processes and pathways. Then we validated the mRNA expression levels by real-time PCR and quantified protein levels in the circulation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results 100 differentially expressed transcripts corresponding to 66 genes (DEGs) were identified between FLHS-affected group and normal group. Seven DEGs were significantly enriched in the immune response process and lipid metabolic process, including PLA2G5, WFIKKN2, DEGS2, PLIN3, IL6, CNTF and SOCS3. And these genes could be the targets of immune response and be involved in metabolic homeostasis during the process of FLHS in laying hens.