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One hundred sixty-seven participants (79.5%) had ever provided health advice to the travelers. Majority of the study participants had gained information on the travel medicine through Ministry of Health guidelines (66%). Nearly 11.4% participants were not sure about the cause of occurrence of typhoid infection. As reported by 30.5%, travelers never really sought advice on the travel insurance. Nearly 79.5% participants reported to have provided post-travel consultation for diarrhea, followed by respiratory infection (45.2%), fever (42%), and skin problems (21%).
The knowledge, attitude, and practice of travel medicine among primary healthcare physicians was found to be sub-optimal in Riyadh.
The knowledge, attitude, and practice of travel medicine among primary healthcare physicians was found to be sub-optimal in Riyadh.
The novel COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a significant burden on healthcare systems. Similarly, it has also affected the performance and well-being of the medical staff working during the pandemic. This study aims to evaluate the negative effect of COVID-19 pandemic on medical training and psychological well-being of resident doctors practicing in the Western region of Saudi Arabia.
This is a quantitative cross-sectional study that included a survey distributed to resident physicians working in the western region in Saudi Arabia. The survey included questions on demographic data and factors influencing the academic training, attitude, and daily habits of the residents during the pandemic. Psychological impact was assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. Data analysis was executed using IBM SPSS version 26.
A total of 121 residents responded to this survey. Of all respondents, 71.1% were junior residents, 66.9% had a medical specialty; and 33% were family medicine physicians, followed by 17% from general surgery. In regard to work amid the pandemic, 36.1% were in contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients, and 35.5% had to work overtime during the pandemic. There was a non-significant difference detected between the residents regarding the factors negatively affecting their psychological well-being.
Residents working during the pandemic in the Western area of Saudi Arabia were significantly affected by the pandemic from both professional and psychological perspectives. Further research on how the pandemic is affecting physicians in other areas in Saudi Arabia is needed.
Residents working during the pandemic in the Western area of Saudi Arabia were significantly affected by the pandemic from both professional and psychological perspectives. Further research on how the pandemic is affecting physicians in other areas in Saudi Arabia is needed.
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a major cause of hearing disability and morbidity in poor socioeconomic developing countries with prevalence of 4%. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics and poor follow up of patients has resulted in treatment failure, emergence of resistant strains, super infection, intra-cranial and extra-cranial complications in CSOM patients.
. are most common organisms causing infection. Knowledge of microbial profile and susceptibility pattern is essential for efficacious treatment of this disorder.
To determine the clinico-bacteriological profile of CSOM, to analyze the susceptibility pattern of various antibiotics and to evaluate the
efficacy of aminoglycosides over fluoroquinolones against the aerobic bacterial isolates from CSOM.
We studied 153 clinically suspected CSOM cases from March 2018 to October 2018 in Microbiology and Otorhinolaryngology department. The ear swabs were aerobically cultured and identification of the isolate was done by standard bacteriological methods.
Safe type CSOM was a major cause of disease. Moderate (35.3%) and mild degree (32.7%) of hearing loss was seen in most of the CSOM cases. The culture positivity rate was 82.4% and the most common isolate was
(55.8%) followed by
(27.5%).
,
and
spp. showed high sensitivity to colistin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime-tazobactam and good sensitivity for cefepime and amikacin; 33.3%
isolates were Methicillin-resistant which was sensitive to gentamicin, vancomycin and linezolid.
Knowledge of the spectrum of microorganisms causing ear discharge is important for effective treatment.
Knowledge of the spectrum of microorganisms causing ear discharge is important for effective treatment.
Estimated 42 million reproductive age group women currently use injectable contraceptive, fourth most prevalent contraceptive worldwide.
To find out the prevalence, reasons and the associated factors for using injectable contraceptive among the women of reproductive age group.
A sub-centre-based observational, cross sectional survey was conducted among 212 reproductive age group women living in the rural areas of a district, West Bengal.
A multi-stage cluster random sampling technique was done considering villages as the cluster to get the required sample. Totally, 212 reproductive age group women were chosen from a total of 16 villages, selected by simple random sampling. Information regarding study variables was collected by direct interview of the respondents by visiting individual houses with help of a pre-designed, semi-structured proforma. Strict confidentiality and anonimousity were maintained throughout the study.
Data were analysed with SPSS 22.0 (licensed). Mean, median, proportion were us
Hypertension is considered as one of the major health problem worldwide and the most important risk factor for non-communicable diseases.
To estimate the prevalence and the risk factors of prehypertension and hypertension.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult population of rural area of Chittoor District. WHO STEPS was applied for data collection from 1,742 study participants aged 18 years and above. Chi-square test, Fisher exact, and ANOVA test applied to find out the intragroup and intergroup variable association with raised blood pressure.
The overall prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension in our study was 21.5% [95% CI (19.6-23.5)] and 42.8% [95% CI (39.5-46.3)], respectively. Males had higher prevalence when compared to females. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 118.7 ± 17.6 mmHg and 77.1 ± 9.7 mmHg, respectively. The odds of being hypertensive was higher among older age group (OR 3.83), male study participants (OR 1.83), either widowed or separated (OR 2.03), unemployed (OR 1.51), and those who belonged to upper socioeconomic status (OR 2.01). Those who were overweight (OR 3.15), obese (OR 2.55) and having central obesity (OR 1.74), and also tobacco smokers (OR 1.53) were having higher odds of hypertension. Significant association was found between hypertension and age, gender, marital status, body mass index, abdominal obesity, tobacco smoking, and physical inactivity.
The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in this study was found to be high in rural area of Andhra Pradesh. There is a need to develop a community-based program, which would aim at minimizing the risk factors of hypertension.
The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in this study was found to be high in rural area of Andhra Pradesh. There is a need to develop a community-based program, which would aim at minimizing the risk factors of hypertension.
Rickettsial infections remain one of the most neglected and underdiagnosed tropical diseases in the developing countries. Scrub typhus can prove to an important diagnosis in pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) patients and is transmitted by a species of trombiculid mites ("chiggers"). The disease leads to a plethora of symptoms like fever, rash, headache, nausea, abdominal pain, thrombocytopenia, etc. The current study was aimed to assess the seroprevalence as well as other demographic parameters of scrub typhus among patients diagnosed with PUO in the northern part of India.
This study was undertaken for a period of 3 years from September 2017 to September 2020. selleckchem Serum samples of suspected cases were tested for IgM Scrub typhus along with other common febrile illnesses like Malaria, typhoid, dengue, leptospirosis, chikengunya, etc. Additional testing for COVID-19 was also planned for samples received after February 2020.
The overall seroprevalence of Scrub typhus during the 3 year study period was noted to be 18.6% in the PUO patients. Typhoid was noted in 39.5%, malaria in 9.2%, Dengue in 13.5%, leptospirosis in 4.8%, and chikungunya in 5.3% of the patients. No cause was identified in 9.1% of the PUO cases. 3.9% of the samples were positive by RT-PCR for COVID-19. No mortality was noted in the scrub typhus positive cases.
Scrub typhus is an emerging tropical rickettsial disease in the Indian subcontinent. The present study highlights the importance of screening of PUO cases for this important infection as timely institution of simple empirical treatment can prove to be life saving in such positive cases.
Scrub typhus is an emerging tropical rickettsial disease in the Indian subcontinent. The present study highlights the importance of screening of PUO cases for this important infection as timely institution of simple empirical treatment can prove to be life saving in such positive cases.
Socio-demographic and environmental factors attribute to stress for auto-rickshaw driver leading to compromise of driver and passenger safety.
This study assesses the prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with stress and identifies the stressors and coping mechanisms in auto-rickshaw drivers.
A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 140 randomly selected auto-rickshaw drivers in Bengaluru city, India.
Data was collected at a place and time convenient to the study participants using semi-structured pre-tested tool. Stress was assessed using Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale.
Data was entered and analyzed using Epi Info™ software. Two sample t/ANOVA tests were used to compare the difference in means and standard deviations (SD) between the sub-groups.
<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Mean age of the auto-rickshaw drivers was 32.8 ± 8.3 years, majority belonged to the 25-30 years age-group. About 55.7%, 40.7% and 28.7% were consuming tobacco products, alcohol and (n = 107), 78.6% (n = 110) had stress based on Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) assessment. Mean PSS for participants self-reporting stress was 20.51 ± 5.25 as against 12.36 ± 4.98 who did not (P less then 0.001). The mean PSS was 17.55 ± 4.13, 20.65 ± 5.23 and 23 ± 5.12 among those who self-reported having mild-, moderate- and severe-degree stress, respectively (P less then 0.001). There was no significant association of any socio-demographic factors with the PSS score. Financial problems (n = 51; 47.7%) was the leading stressor, followed by road traffic (n = 49; 45.8%). Conclusions Appropriate strategies are needed to address the high level of stress among auto-rickshaw drivers.
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) can lead to significant morbidity, rarely mortality and financial burden over the patient. ADRs that can be prevented can be considered as form of medication error sometimes. This study assessed the preventability, predictability and severity of ADRs using different assessment scales.
ADR Monitoring Centre under newly established teaching hospital in Chhattisgarh collected ADR reports from different healthcare professionals during the period from November 2016 to November 2018. Analysis of the reported ADRs was done for their causality assessment, demographic details of patients, most common drug class responsible for the ADR. Seriousness and preventability of ADRs were analysed by using WHO Causality Scale and Modified Schumock and Thornton Scale respectively. Severity of ADRs was assessed by Modified Hartwig and Siegel Scale.
Totally 288 ADRs were reported in a 2-year period. 92.01% ADRs were non serious. 44.8% were mild, 53.81% moderate and 1.39% were severe ADRs. Causality assessment showed 5.
