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The baseline CEP was 14.8 ± 2.8 mmHg, and the mean CEP in the 3rd phase 18.8 ± 5.1 mmHg was not significantly higher. In the 4th phase, however, the CEPs rose with linear correlation as the pressure increased. In the 5th phase, the elevated CEP returned to baseline in 2.5 ± 5.6 minutes. No patient had neurological complications. No statistically significant risk factors were observed.

In BELD, which is performed to allow continuous lavage with infusion pressure set to 30 mmHg, CEP does not increase beyond the physiological range. Therefore, BELD may be considered as a potentially safe technique.

4.

4.

We evaluated trends and outcomes of liver transplantation (LT) recipients with/without HIV infection.

LT recipients between 2008 and 2015 from the United Network for Organ Sharing and Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network and European Liver Transplant Registry were included. Trends and characteristics related to survival among LT recipients with HIV infection were determined.

Among 73 206 LT patients, 658 (0.9%) were HIV-infected. The proportion of LT HIV-infected did not change over time (P-trend = 0.16). Hepatitis C virus (HCV) as indication for LT decreased significantly for HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients (P-trends = 0.008 and <0.001). Three-year cumulative graft survival in LT recipients with and without HIV infection was 64.4% and 77.3%, respectively (P < 0.001), with improvements over time for both, but with HIV-infected patients having greater improvements (P-trends = 0.02 and 0.03). Adjusted risk of graft loss was 41% higher in HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected (adjustedaft and patient survival among HIV-infected LT recipients have shown improvement over time.

To evaluate the retinal periphery in patients with idiopathic juxtafoveal telangiectasis or macular telangiectasis Type 2 (MacTel2), using widefield fluorescein angiography.

Single-center, retrospective, observational case series of 50 eyes of 50 patients with MacTel2 and 50 eyes of 50 age-matched controls.

Thirty-seven eyes in the MacTel2 group (74%) showed peripheral capillary nonperfusion or dropout, compared with 37 eyes in the control group (74%, P = 1.0). Morphologically, the MacTel2 group trended toward having a higher proportion of pruning-type capillary dropout (44%) compared with controls (28%), but this was not statistically significant (P = 0.12). Patients with MacTel2 had a higher incidence of microaneurysms compared with controls (MacTel2 56%; controls 42%; P = 0.048), independent of age or systemic risk factors. There was no difference in the incidence of venous-venous shunts (MacTel2 10%; controls 10%; P = 1.0), arteriovenous shunts (MacTel2 14%; controls 18%; P = 0.60), venous tortuosity (MacTel2 60%; controls 66%; P = 0.58), or arterial tortuosity (MacTel2 54%; controls 68%; P = 0.20), which was mild in most cases.

We note a high incidence of peripheral vascular and retinal findings in both patients with MacTel2 and age-matched controls, using widefield fluorescein angiography. Patients with MacTel2 had significantly more microaneurysms, independent of age or other systemic risk factors.

We note a high incidence of peripheral vascular and retinal findings in both patients with MacTel2 and age-matched controls, using widefield fluorescein angiography. Patients with MacTel2 had significantly more microaneurysms, independent of age or other systemic risk factors.

To describe the occurence of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) associated with branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) secondary to polycythemia in a patient with tetralogy of Fallot.

Case report.

A 30-year-old male presented with acute vision loss and superior visual deficit in his left eye for two days. His medical record had a tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Complete blood count showed red blood cell count of 9.88 million/uL (4.4-5.6), hemoglobin of 17.7 g/dL (13.5-16.9), and hematocrit of 65.4 % (40-49). The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in the left eye and a diagnosis of left inferotemporal branch retinal artery occlusion was made. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography revealed a characteristic hyperreflective band-like lesion on the inner nuclear layer consistent with PAMM.

Polycythemia may be a trigger for BRAO associated PAMM. We suggest a new precursor cause of PAMM which is previously undescribed.

Polycythemia may be a trigger for BRAO associated PAMM. We suggest a new precursor cause of PAMM which is previously undescribed.

To describe the multimodal imaging findings of cystoid macular edema (CME) in POEMS syndrome and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the dexamethasone intravitreal implant in this condition METHODS Case report of a patient with POEMS syndrome. Multimodal imaging, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and ultra-wide field fluorescein angiography (UWFA), was used to evaluate the CME and its response to treatment.

A 66-year-old male with history of POEMS syndrome in clinical remission after chemotherapy presented with blurry vision in the left eye. Vitreomacular traction and CME were noted on OCT. After pars plana vitrectomy, the patient had persistent CME in the left eye and developed new CME in the right eye, which worsened over the next year. Visual acuities (VA) at this time were 20/60 OU. The CME was unresponsive to topical ketorolac and prednisolone acetate and intravitreal bevacizumab but partially response to intravitreal and sub-Tenon's triamcinolone acetate injections. Intravitreal dexamethasone implant was given bilaterally with full resolution and VA improvement to 20/40 OD and 20/30 OS. However, CME recurred after three months. Dibutyryl-cAMP UWFA demonstrated bilateral CME and diffuse peripheral vascular leakage. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were normal.

CME may develop in POEMS syndrome in the absence of systemic findings, elevated serum VEGF, or optic nerve edema. Previously unreported peripheral vascular leakage was demonstrated on UWFA. Dexamethasone implant was the most effective of utilized therapies to treat CME.

CME may develop in POEMS syndrome in the absence of systemic findings, elevated serum VEGF, or optic nerve edema. Previously unreported peripheral vascular leakage was demonstrated on UWFA. Dexamethasone implant was the most effective of utilized therapies to treat CME.