Mcleodklemmensen0296

The quality of evidence was limited due to heterogeneity, risk of bias, publication bias and indirectness.

Nutrition therapy provided by dietitians was associated with better clinical parameters of type 2 diabetes, including clinically significant improved glycaemic control, across diverse multiethnic patient groups from all six inhabited continents. This conclusion should be reflected in clinical guidelines.

Nutrition therapy provided by dietitians was associated with better clinical parameters of type 2 diabetes, including clinically significant improved glycaemic control, across diverse multiethnic patient groups from all six inhabited continents. This conclusion should be reflected in clinical guidelines.

To examine the relationship between changes in skeletal muscle mass and lipid metabolism and glycometabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Data were analyzed from 148 female RA patients and 145 age-matched non-RA (control) female subjects from a prospective cohort study (TOMORROW; TOtal Management Of Risk factors in Rheumatoid arthritis patients to lOWer morbidity and mortality study). Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated as ASM divided by the square of height. The reference value for SMI in Asian women, 5.4kg/m

, was used to define low SMI. Data were assessed using cross-sectional (2010 baseline data) and longitudinal (change in value from 2010 to 2013) methods from the retrospective cohort.

At baseline in RA patients, the low SMI group showed significantly higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-chol) (p=0.015), apolipoprotein (Apo)B (p=0.046), and ApoB-to-A1 (ApoB/A1) (p=0.025) than the normal SMI group. In multiple regression analysis of RA patients, sequential changes from 2010 to 2013 (Δ) in SMI and ApoB and ApoC2 showed significant negative relationships (β=-0.19,-0.18, respectively) even after adjusting for age, RA duration, exercise habits, medication for RA, disease severity, activities of daily living (ADL) and body fat mass. No significant relation was evident between ΔSMI and various glycometabolism parameters in RA patients.

Skeletal muscle mass might be related to lipid metabolism in RA patients. This relationship is independent of factors such as disease severity and body fat mass.

Skeletal muscle mass might be related to lipid metabolism in RA patients. This relationship is independent of factors such as disease severity and body fat mass.

There is increasing evidence that red and processed meat consumption is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. However, little literature reported the association among people with obesity versus those without obesity. We sought to investigate this using the UK Biobank data.

In this large prospective population-based cohort study, the red and processed meat consumption was assessed through the UK Biobank touch-screen questionnaire at baseline. The estimated hazards ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained from the Cox proportional hazard models to assess the association between red and processed meat consumption and the risk of CV death, cerebrovascular, and ischemic heart diseases in participants with and without obesity.

Of 428,070 participants, 100,175 (23.4%) were obese with the mean age of 56 (SD 7.9) years old and 54% were female. Participants without obesity, the mean age was 56 (SD 5.2) years old and 55% were female. The overall median follow-up was frequency of red and processed meat is associated with higher risk of CV death regardless of obesity. The risk of ischemic heart disease associated with red and processed meat consumption may be higher in participants without obesity. Further studies are needed to understand the full extent of the mechanism of the association.

Dietary sugars are absorbed in the hepatic portal circulation as glucose, fructose, or galactose. The gut and liver are required to process fructose and galactose into glucose, lactate, and fatty acids. A high sugar intake may favor the development of cardio-metabolic diseases by inducing Insulin resistance and increased concentrations of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.

A narrative review of the literature regarding the metabolic effects of fructose-containing sugars.

Sugars' metabolic effects differ from those of starch mainly due to the fructose component of sucrose. Fructose is metabolized in a set of fructolytic cells, which comprise small bowel enterocytes, hepatocytes, and kidney proximal tubule cells. Compared to glucose, fructose is readily metabolized in an insulin-independent way, even in subjects with diabetes mellitus, and produces minor increases in glycemia. It can be efficiently used for energy production, including during exercise. selleck chemical Unlike commonly thought, fructose when ingested in smallduction, stimulate de novo lipogenesis, and increase intrahepatic and blood triglyceride concentrations. With chronically high fructose intake, enterocyte can switch to lipid synthesis and accumulation of triglyceride, possibly causing an enterocyte dysfunction.

Patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) are at high risk of malnutrition. The only validated malnutrition assessment tool is the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) is a new malnutrition assessment tool. The present study compares the nutrition-related parameters of the following tools GLIM tool, SGA, Phase Angle (PA), Low Fat-Free Mass Index (FFMI), and Patient- and Nutrition-Derived Outcome Risk Assessment score (PANDORA), in an attempt to validate an objective tool.

Eighty-four ICU patients were included. The tools mentioned above were assessed for their validity in diagnosing malnutrition. All patients were defined as suffering from acute disease and received medical nutrition therapy. To evaluate whether there is a correlation between the GLIM criteria, SGA, PA, and low FFMI, we compared the SGA, PA, and low FFMI to the GLIM criteria using Spearman correlation coefficients and a Chi-square test. Also, a Mann-Whitney U test was used to test the mean differences between the GLIM criteria and the PANDORA.