Mcleodaarup1939

Exposure to the coronavirus (COVID-19) in industrial workplaces has caused concerns all over the world. Implementation of prevention measures is the best solution for protection of workers' health.

The present study investigated prevention measures and risk factors for the COVID-19 infection in Iranian small, medium, and large industries.

This study was conducted on 349 occupational health, safety, and environment professionals working in different industries. Data was collected using a checklist of prevention measures for COVID-19 and a questionnaire of risk factors for the infection.

The results demonstrated that 32.60% of industries reported positive cases of COVID-19. The mean of prevention measures in all the dimensions, except use of personal protective equipment (PPE), was in favorable status. Among prevention measures against COVID-19, the dimensions of education, engineering controls, use of PPE, use of hand washing soap and disinfectant, and physical distance were not significantly different among small, medium, and large industries. However, administrative controls were statistically lower in small and medium industries compared to the large industries. Moreover, screening was statistically lower in small industries than in large industries. The mean risk factors of ventilation, use of common tools and equipment, and physical distance as well as total risk factors were not statistically different among different industries.

Workers are at risk of COVID-19 infection. The risk factors of ventilation, sharing tools and equipment, and physical distance are critical in classification of risk of infection with COVID-19 in industrial settings.

Workers are at risk of COVID-19 infection. The risk factors of ventilation, sharing tools and equipment, and physical distance are critical in classification of risk of infection with COVID-19 in industrial settings.

fHIT is an easily applicable test battery that indirectly evaluates the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) from a functional perspective.

The aim of this study was to Individuals determine the correlation between age and the percentage of correct answers (% CA) obtained in the functional head impulse test (fHIT) in healthy individuals.

A total of 105 volunteers, 50 males and 55 females, between the ages of 18 and 70 years, participated in the study. A Beon Solution fHIT system (Zero Branco (TV), Italy) was used in the study.

In our study, a decrease in the mean % CA was observed in all semicircular canals (SCCs) with increasing age. Between age and mean % CA, a significant negative moderate (-0.311) correlation was observed in lateral SCCs, and a significant negative low (-0.257) correlation was observed in posterior SCCs (p <  0.05). In anterior SCCs, there was no statistically significant relationship between age and mean % CA (p >  0.05).

The present study performed in a healthy population will be helpful in terms of making comparisons in studies to be conducted in various vestibular diseases. It will also be a guide for identifying pathological consequences in vestibular diseases.

The present study performed in a healthy population will be helpful in terms of making comparisons in studies to be conducted in various vestibular diseases. It will also be a guide for identifying pathological consequences in vestibular diseases.

Mother's milk is the best, and ideal method for infant feeding. We found that this practice was not being followed in our hospital. A survey was conducted in the unit with regards to breastfeeding practices which revealed that most babies who were discharged from our nursery were on formula supplements. Our goal was to improve established breastfeeding rates in the unit by increasing the number of full-term healthy babies who were discharged on exclusive Breastfeeding.

A project team was formed, and data were collected through direct observations and direct interviews with postnatal mothers. Exclusive Breastfeeding at discharge was defined as a baby being fully on breastfeed with no additional formula supplements for at least 12 hours prior to discharge. The primary outcome was to increase the percentage of babies being discharged on exclusive Breastfeeding. We used the FOCUS PDCA model to measure improvements and 8 PDCA cycles of 4 weeks duration were implemented to test the changes.

The interventions we put in place led to a considerable nine times overall improvement in the established breastfeeding rates. Among all the interventions, the most promising results were observed during the PDCA cycles involving staff education, the introduction of antenatal classes for mothers, skin to skin contact and rooming in.

Breastfeeding rates in the private sector with nursery services can be improved by reinforcing breastfeeding education for mothers in addition to training the maternal care staff, empowering them to promote and assist in breastfeeding.

Breastfeeding rates in the private sector with nursery services can be improved by reinforcing breastfeeding education for mothers in addition to training the maternal care staff, empowering them to promote and assist in breastfeeding.

Postnatal exposure to red blood cell transfusion (RBCT) in premature infants is an important risk factor for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) progression. We hypothesized that higher number and earlier timing of RBCT are associated with worse ROP severity and result in laser treatment at an earlier postmenstrual age (PMA) in very low birth weight (≤1500 g, VLBW) infants.

A retrospective medical record review of 631 VLBW infants over a 5-year period was performed. Demographic features and potential clinical risk factors including number of RBCT, ROP severity, and progression to laser treatment were collected to evaluate predictors of severe ROP. ANCOVA, pairwise post-hoc analyses, and multivariate regression were used to determine associations between frequency and timing of RBCT and ROP severity.

Of the 456 eligible infants, 61 developed severe ROP (13%). There was significant correlation between number of RBCTs and ROP severity, adjusted for gestational age and birthweight (Adjusted R2 = 0.53; p <  0.001). Compared to infants with No/Mild and Type 2 ROP, infants with Type 1 ROP received more RBCTs, with higher number of RBCTs per week during the first month of life (mean RBCT in ROP No/Mild 5.7±0.4 vs Type 2 16.3±1.8 vs Type 1 22.4±1.5, p = 0.042). Laser-treated infants received a higher number of RBCTs than non-treated infants (mean RBCT 22.3 vs. 6.5, p <  0.001) but no correlation was observed between number of RBCTs and PMA at time of laser treatment.

Higher number of RBCTs in early postnatal life of VLBW infants was associated with more severe ROP.

Higher number of RBCTs in early postnatal life of VLBW infants was associated with more severe ROP.

Wide variation in the care practices and survival rates of neonates born at peri-viable gestational ages of 22+0 -24+6 weeks exists. This study elucidates the postnatal risk factors for morbidity/mortality, contrasts the care practices and short-term outcomes of this vulnerable group of preterm neonates from a single center with others.

Retrospective study of neonates born at 22+0 -24+6 weeks in a level 3 neonatal intensive care unit in UK, over a period of 4 years (2016-2019).

94 neonates given active care studied. Survival until discharge was 51.1%(22-23 wks -44%, 24 wks -59.1%) and survival with no major brain injury (MBI) [grade III/IV IVH, cystic periventricular leukomalacia] was 38.3%(22-23 wks -32%, 24 wks -45.4%). Of those who survived until discharge, 75%had no MBI (22-23 wks -72.7%, 24 wks -76.9%). Neonates requiring significant respiratory support within first 72 hours as well as needing rescue high frequency ventilation had significantly high risk of mortality or MBI [aOR -7.17 (2.24-25.79), p = 0.00; 4.76 (1.43-20.00), p = 0.01].

Survival rate differed from other centres. MBI was low amongst survivors. Severe respiratory disease in the initial days was associated with a higher risk of death or MBI.

Survival rate differed from other centres. MBI was low amongst survivors. Severe respiratory disease in the initial days was associated with a higher risk of death or MBI.

To determine the predictors of mortality following early rescue surfactant therapy in preterm babies with respiratory distress syndrome.

Prospective cohort study enrolling babies between 28 weeks to 34 weeks with respiratory distress syndrome requiring early rescue surfactant therapy. For statistical analysis babies were further divided into two subgroups survivors and non-survivors. Maternal and neonatal variables were compared between the two groups to find out the predictors of mortality.

Out of total 110 babies, 72 (65.45%) survived. The mean birth weight and mean gestational age of the study population was 1614.36 (±487.86) g and 31.40 (±2.0)1 weeks, respectively. PMX-53 Birth weight <  1500 g, gestational age <  32 weeks, primiparity, vaginal delivery, prolonged rupture of membranes, lack of antenatal steroid cover, bag and mask ventilation at birth, sepsis, apneic episodes and mechanical ventilation were significantly associated with death on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, very low birth weight, vaginal delivery, lack of antenatal steroid cover, bag and mask ventilation at birth and mechanical ventilation were found to be independent predictors of mortality.

Some of the identified predictors of mortality are modifiable and can be used to draw up a screening tool to predict the clinical severity and mortality among these babies.

Some of the identified predictors of mortality are modifiable and can be used to draw up a screening tool to predict the clinical severity and mortality among these babies.

Using benzodiazepines (BZDs) or Z-drugs in poly-therapy is a critical issue.

Identifying factors influencing the use of BZDs/Z-drugs in poly- vs mono-therapy in patients with or without substance use disorders (SUDs).

986 inpatients were analysed. Socio-demographic and clinical variables were collected. BZD/Z-drug doses were compared via the Defined Daily Dose (DDD) and standardized as diazepam dose equivalents. Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, Fisher test, hierarchical multivariate regression analyses were run referring to the whole sample and to subjects with current SUDs, lifetime SUDs, current and lifetime SUDs, non-SUDs.

In the whole sample the variance of being mono- vs poly-therapy users was explained by BZD/Z-drug formulation, DDD, duration of treatment, age of first BZDs/Z-drugs use (ΔR2 =0.141, p <0.001). Among those with current SUDs (ΔR2 =0.278, p =0.332) or current and lifetime SUDs (ΔR2 =0.154, p =0.419), no variables explained the variance of being mono-vs poly-therapy users. Among lifetime SUDs subjects, the variance of being mono- vs poly-therapy users was explained by BZD/Z-drug formulation and age of first BZD/Z-drug use (ΔR2 =0.275, p <0.001). Among non-SUDs subjects, the variance of being mono- vs poly-therapy users was explained by DDD and duration of treatment (ΔR2 =0.162, p =0.001).

Tablets, high drug doses, long duration of treatment, and early age of first use were more likely associated to poly- than mono-therapy. This suggests that patients have different clinical features and a pharmacological prescription should be tailored to them also based on the variables here analysed.

Tablets, high drug doses, long duration of treatment, and early age of first use were more likely associated to poly- than mono-therapy. This suggests that patients have different clinical features and a pharmacological prescription should be tailored to them also based on the variables here analysed.