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he online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43465-021-00354-0.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43465-021-00354-0.

Evaluation of postgraduate (PG) training is important so that necessary modifications can be made. The quality of anaesthesiology teaching in our country has not been explored. We performed a survey among the anaesthesiology PGs of Kerala to assess their perceptions about their learning environment as well as to look for the deficits in the training program.

An online web-based survey was conducted. The questionnaire was developed after a detailed validation process and circulated via Google forms. The questionnaire had three parts. First part asked for demographic details. Second part had 22 statements in four domains to evaluate the quality of training, which were to be answered based on a five-point Likert scale. The third part asked for the suggestions of the trainees on changes to be made for the improvement in quality of their training.

The response rate was 64%. The social atmosphere was perceived positively in general by our PGs. Majority of them received feedback on their work and had a regular class schedule. Only 34% of the residents got training in non-technical skills. More tutorials and case discussions were the most common change suggested by the residents. Lack of research training and training in simulation labs were the major lacunae identified.

The clinical learning environment (CLE) was perceived to be of medium to high quality by the anaesthesiology PGs of Kerala. Lack of routine assessments and regular academic sessions were reflected in the responses.

The clinical learning environment (CLE) was perceived to be of medium to high quality by the anaesthesiology PGs of Kerala. Lack of routine assessments and regular academic sessions were reflected in the responses.

Pain of open thoracotomy is treated with systemic analgesics, thoracic epidural and paravertebral blocks which have associated adverse effects and complications. Research shows ultrasound guided erector spinae plane block (US-ESPB) as a simpler and safer alternative. As paucity of data of US-ESPB in paediatric thoracotomies exists. We aimed at studying the analgesic efficacy of US-ESPB for paediatric thoracotomy.

In a prospective observational study, 30 children, 1-12 years age undergoing thoracotomy with decortication under general anaesthesia with US-ESPB were observed. At induction, patient received intravenous (IV) fentanyl 3 μg/kg for analgesia and standard general endotracheal anaesthesia was administered. US-ESPB was given at fourth thoracic vertebral level with 0.25% bupivacaine 0.3 ml/kg. Changes in haemodynamic parameters at skin incision, rib retraction, pleural incision, intercostal drain insertion, and skin closure were noted. Intraoperatively, additional fentanyl was administered, if required and its dose and time were noted. Postoperative pain was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) (0-10) for ≥6 years and by face, leg, activity, cry, consolability (FLACC) score (0-10) for <6 years at post extubation, 30 minutes and hourly postoperatively. Descriptive statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.

Additional analgesic was not required in 14/30 patients (46.67%) intraoperatively and within 6 hours (7.4 ± 1.26) post-operatively. Five of the remaining 16 patients, required IV 1 μg/kg fentanyl only once intraoperatively. Median pain score was 2 in first four postoperative hours.

US-ESPB provided effective supplemental intraoperative and postoperative analgesia in nearly half of the paediatric thoracotomy patients.

US-ESPB provided effective supplemental intraoperative and postoperative analgesia in nearly half of the paediatric thoracotomy patients.

The aerosol box (AB), an improvised device used during the coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic, has attracted both interest and controversy. Several simulated studies have examined its protective efficacy as well as intubation efficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the practical conduct of intubation using the AB in patients undergoing elective, oncological surgery during the pandemic.

This prospective, observational study included adult patients undergoing oncological surgery. Thirteen anaesthesiologists performed 132 intubations using one of three ABs designated as AB 1, AB 2 and AB 3. The primary outcome was the difference in the time to intubation (TTI) between patients with Mallampati score MP I-II (Group 1) and MP III-IV (Group 2). Secondary outcomes included first-pass success rate, fall in peripheral oxygen saturation to < 95%, total number of attempts and failure to intubate using the AB.

The mean TTI was not significantly different in Group 1 and Group 2 (71.02 (61.66) s vs. 101.35 (121.94) s respectively,

= 0.119). Desaturation during intubation was seen in 20 patients (15.1%). First pass success rate was achieved in 109 patients (82.6%). Twenty-one patients (15.9%) needed more than one attempt to intubate and the box had to be removed in 8 patients (6.1%) for facilitating intubation. The Mallampati score did not significantly influence either desaturation or first pass success rate.

There was a non-significant increasing TTI trend in patients with a higher MP score with the use of an aerosol box. However, this did not translate to a clinically significant difference in the overall intubation outcomes.

There was a non-significant increasing TTI trend in patients with a higher MP score with the use of an aerosol box. However, this did not translate to a clinically significant difference in the overall intubation outcomes.

Assessment of pain using pain scales is essential. selleck chemical In the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), patients are asked to score their pain intensity on a scale from 0 to 10 (10- worst pain). This requires some abstract thinking by the patient, also the pain scores (PS) may not essentially communicate the patients' need for more analgesia. We planned a study to evaluate the change in patients' self-assessed PS after understanding clinical interpretation of the NRS.

This prospective study was registered after approval from our hospital ethics board. Sample size estimated for the trial was 360 patients. All postoperative patients were recruited after informed consent. Patients having prolonged stay in Intensive Care Unit (more than 48 h), or those who underwent emergency surgeries were excluded. During Acute Pain Service (APS) rounds, patients were asked to rate their PS on the NRS. This was followed by a briefing about the clinical interpretation of the scale, and the patients were asked to re score their pain using the same scale.