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The majority of fungi were related to Sarocladium, Alternaria, Malassezia, Aspergillus and Curvularia. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that these fungi were closely related to botanic symbionts or pathogens. Our results provide novel insights into the bacteria and fungi of rice planthoppers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Pharmacometric models using lognormal distributions have become commonplace in pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic investigations. The extent to which it can be interpreted by traditional description of variability through the normal distribution, remains elusive. In this tutorial, the comparison is made using formal approximation methods. The quality of the resulting approximation was assessed by the similarity of prediction intervals (PIs) to true values, illustrated using 80% PIs. Approximated PIs were close to true values when lognormal standard deviation (omega) was smaller than about 0.25, depending mostly on the desired precision. With increasing omega values, the precision of approximation worsens, and starts to deteriorate at omega values of about 1. With such high omega values, there is no resemblance between the lognormal and normal distribution anymore. To support dissemination and interpretation of these non-linear properties, some additional statistics are discussed in the context of the three regions of behavior of the lognormal distribution. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND A lack of studies with large sample sizes of patients with rotator cuff tears is a barrier to performing clinical and genomic research. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate an electronic medical record (EMR)-based algorithm to identify individuals with and without rotator cuff tear. DESIGN We used a de-identified version of the EMR of more than 2 million subjects. A screening algorithm was applied to classify subjects into likely rotator cuff tear and likely normal rotator cuff groups. From these subjects, 500 likely rotator cuff tear and 500 likely normal rotator cuff were randomly chosen for algorithm development. Chart review of all 1000 subjects confirmed the true phenotype of rotator cuff tear or normal rotator cuff based on magnetic resonance imaging and operative report. An algorithm was then developed based on logistic regression and validation of the algorithm was performed. RESULTS The variables significantly predicting rotator cuff tear included the number of times a Current Procedural Terminology code related to rotator cuff procedures was used (OR = 3.3; 95% CI 1.6-6.8 for ≥3 vs 0), the number of times a term related to rotator cuff lesions occurred in radiology reports (OR = 2.2; 95% CI 1.2-4.1 for ≥1 vs 0), and the number of times a term related to rotator cuff lesions occurred in physician notes (OR = 4.5; 95% CI 2.2-9.1 for 1 or 2 times vs 0). This phenotyping algorithm had a specificity of 0.89 (95% CI 0.79-0.95) for rotator cuff tear, AUC of 0.842, and diagnostic likelihood ratios, DLR+ and DLR- of 5.94 (95%CI 3.07-11.48) and 0.363 (95%CI 0.291-0.453). CONCLUSION Our informatics algorithm enables identification of cohorts of individuals with and without rotator cuff tear from an EMR-based dataset with moderate accuracy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Sir George W. Pickering was an astute, opinionated observer and highly gifted cardiovascular investigator. He considered the rich history of cardiovascular research, settled on the term "essential hypertension" (although he did not like it much), and left us with two challenges and then outlined three areas of investigation, namely animal models, human translational studies, and genetics to pursue. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.In 2014, our research network was involved in the evaluation of favipiravir, an anti-Influenza polymerase inhibitor, against Ebola virus. In this review we discuss how mathematical modelling was used, first to propose a relevant dosing regimen in humans, and then to optimize its antiviral efficacy in a non-human primate (NHP) model. see more The data collected in NHPs were finally used to develop a model of Ebola pathogenesis integrating the interactions between the virus, the innate and adaptive immune response and the action of favipiravir. We conclude the review of this work by discussing how these results are of relevance for future human studies in the context of Ebola virus, but also for other emerging viral diseases for which no therapeutics are available. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND The COMBO drug eluting stent is a novel device with luminal endothelial progenitor cell capture technology for rapid homogeneous endothelialization. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined for sex differences in 1-year outcomes after COMBO stenting from the COMBO collaboration, a pooled patient-level dataset from the MASCOT and REMEDEE multicenter registries. The primary endpoint was 1-year target lesion failure (TLF), composite of cardiac death, target vessel-myocardial infarction (TV-MI), or clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR). Secondary outcomes included stent thrombosis (ST). Adjusted outcomes were assessed using Cox regression methods. The study included 861 (23.8%) women and 2,753 (76.2%) men. Women were older with higher prevalence of several comorbidities including diabetes mellitus. Risk of 1-year TLF was similar in both sexes (3.8% vs. 3.9%, HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.59-1.42, p = .70), without sex differences in the incidence of cardiac death (1.6% vs. 1.5%, p = .78), TV-MI (1.5% vs. 1.1%, p = .32), or CD-TLR (2.0% vs. 2.2%, p = .67). Definite or probable ST occurred in 0.4% women and 1.0% men (HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.06-1.11, p = .069). CONCLUSIONS Despite greater clinical risks at baseline, women treated with COMBO stents had similarly low 1-year TLF and other ischemic outcomes compared to men. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Facial nerve schwannoma (FNS), is the most common tumor invading the facial nerve (FN). It is mainly centered on the geniculate ganglion (GG), although it can involve several segments of the nerve from the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) to the parotid gland 1,2 . FNS is mostly revealed by progressive facial palsy, but also by sudden facial palsy which can recover after steroid therapy. In a smaller number of cases, hearing loss may be the only initial symptom 1,2 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.