Mcgeeali2030

BACKGROUND Controversy exists regarding whether the different daily balances of proteins between meals and snacks in a low-calorie diet may influence the effects on body composition (BC) results. Aim of this study is to evaluate BC changes made by a lifestyle intervention in a randomised homogeneous sample of two groups with equal daily caloric reduction but different protein distributions between meals. METHODS Forty-seven men and women (mean ± SD age 32 ± 10 y; body mass index 28.4 ± 2.4) consumed an energy-restricted diet (788 kcal/d below the requirement) for eight weeks in a free- living contest. Subjects consumed 90.1 g protein/d (1.10 ± 0.16 g · kg-1· d-1 ) and were randomised in an EVEN (16.7% at breakfast, 32.8% at lunch, 31.3% at dinner, 19.2% at snacks;n= 23) or UNEVEN (15.4% at breakfast, 36.6% at lunch, 34.9% at dinner, 12.4% at snacks;n= 24) distribution pattern. The nutritional characteristics and caloric deficit of the two diets were similar. RESULTS The total sample had an overall improvement in both BMI (-0.9 ± 0.6) and fat mass (FM -2.3 ± 1.5), while lean body mass was preserved (LBM 0.0 ± 0.7). There were no significant differences between the two groups in variations in BC. CONCLUSIONS In overweight and obese subjects undergoing a Mediterranean-type low-calorie diet, a different distribution of daily protein intake between meals and snacks does not result in significant differences in terms of FM loss and LBM maintenance. This is one of the first studies showing that nutritional dietary plans with different daily protein distribution show no particular differences in fat loss and lean mass maintenance.Beyond the classic hepatic complications, hepatitis C (HCV) infection is considered as a systemic disease, since extrahepatic manifestations become clinically evident in 40 to 70% of the patients and it can frequently include rheumatic ones. Furthermore, HCV can promote the production of several autoantibodies, thus complicating the differential diagnosis between primitive and HCV- related rheumatic disorders. The recent development of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) against HCV has revolutionized the field, reducing the damage stemming from systemic inflammatory phenomena and persistent immune activation associated with continuous HCV replication. Our review focuses on the main rheumatologic manifestations associated with chronic HCV infection as well as the impact of DAA interferon-free treatments on such extrahepatic clinical involvement.BACKGROUND Despite the well-known risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures among patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, the WHO FRAX tool has been used in a limited number of studies in this specific population. The purpose of this study was to search for predictors of risk of fractures assessed by FRAX score. METHODS We prospectively calculated FRAX score for hip and major osteoporotic fractures in inflammatory bowel disease patients consecutively recruited. RESULTS The mean risk of hip fractures at 10 years, for the 80 recruited patients, resulted 1.4%, while the mean risk of major osteoporotic fractures was 7.8%. The risk of hip fractures was 1.3% among the 30 Crohn's disease patients versus 1.4% (p = 0.82) among 50 ulcerative colitis patients. A prolonged use of corticosteroids correlated with a tendency to a greater risk of hip fracture (r = 0.38, p = 0.08). Patients with normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) values had a risk of osteoporotic hip fractures of 0.75%, while those with high ESR values had a risk of 1.86% (p = 0.04). Regarding the risk of major bone fractures, patients with normal ESR values had a risk of 5.9%, versus a risk of 18% in those with elevated ESR (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS The correlation between increase of inflammatory markers and increased risk of osteoporotic fractures and the lack of difference between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis suggest a central role of inflammation over malabsorption in this population.Proctitis is an inflammation involving the anus and the distal part of the rectum, frequently diagnosed in the context of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Nevertheless, when the standard therapy for IBD is ineffective, it becomes necessary for the clinician to review alternative etiologies, beginning from the broad chapter of infectious causes up to rare causes such as radiation, ischemia, diversion and traumatisms. While it is possible to find infectious proctitides caused by pathogens generally inducing extensive colitis, the growing incidence of both sexually transmitted infections and isolated proctitis reported in the recent years require a lot of attention. The risk appears to be higher in individuals participating in anal intercourse, especially men having sex with men (MSM) or subjects who use sex toys and participate to sex parties, dark rooms and so on. The commonest implicated pathogens are Neysseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Herpes Simplex virus and Treponema pallidum. Herpes and Chlamydia infections mainly occur in HIV-positive MSM patients. Since symptoms and signs are common independently from etiology, performing a differential diagnosis based on clinical manifestations is complicated. Therefore, the diagnosis is supported by the combination of clinical history and physical examination and, secondly, by endoscopic, serologic and microbiologic findings. Particular emphasis should be given to simultaneous infections by multiple organisms. The involvement of experts in infectious diseases and in sexual health is crucial for the diagnostic and therapeutic management. The available therapies, empirically initiated or specific, in many cases are able to guarantee a good prognosis and to prevent relapses.BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the effects of supplementation with H. Parviflora at 9 mg + 200 mg of fructo-oligosaccharides on weight loss, body composition, hydration and satiety parameters. METHODS A randomized blinded controlled trial was conducted in a sample of 30 overweight and obese patients (5M;25F). Box5 Patients were randomly assigned in 2 groups the intervention group, which received H. Parviflora twice a day for 4 weeks and the control group, which received a placebo. RESULTS After a 4 weeks follow-up period, the study results showed an improvement of Δ=-1.632 kg (CI95% -2.545; -0.719) and a statistically significant decrease in waist circumference (WC) compared with the placebo group -2.080 cm (CI95% -4.082; -0.078). The visual analogue scale reported an improvement of satiety sensation after day 5 (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study shows for the first time the simultaneous effect of H. Parviflora on weight loss, decreasing satiety, and improving fat mass, in particular VAT.