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Higher percentages of users were from the western region, females and those within the age group of ≥51 years old, 388 users (29%

<0.001), 804 (28%;

<0.001) and 67 (35%;

=0.013), respectively. Consulting a doctor was the most frequently utilized service, 576 users (58%). Respondents strongly agreed 402 (41%) that Seha was easy to use, and 538 (54%) strongly agreed that they would recommend Seha to others. The most common barrier of using Seha was a lack of knowledge about the app and its benefits, at 1556 (35%). Overall, the Tawakkalna app was the most utilized mobile health application provided by MOH used 2170 (48%).

Utilization of the Seha app is quite low due to a lack of knowledge about the app and its benefits. Thus, the MOH should promote public awareness about the app and its benefits.

Utilization of the Seha app is quite low due to a lack of knowledge about the app and its benefits. Thus, the MOH should promote public awareness about the app and its benefits.

Obesity is one of the major critical health conditions affecting many people across the world. One of the major causes of obesity is identified to be sedentary lifestyles and physical inactivity, which may be associated with environmental factors.

The study analyzes variations in obesity and physical inactivity in the State of South Carolina, US, and their association with healthcare capacity and the built environment.

Data were obtained from different secondary sources and surveys, 2012, and then linked on the county-level using ArcGIS. Global Moran's I was used to examine the spatial distribution at the state level, and Anselin's local Moran's I was used to detect any significant clusters at the county level. Ordinary least squares regression models were calculated for obesity and physical inactivity separately.

More than 70% of SC counties had high levels of obesity and physical inactivity. Spatial analysis showed statistical clusters of high obesity, high physical inactivity, and low access to exeto promote the population wellbeing.

GIS was useful to illustrate and identify significant geographic variations and high clusters of obesity and physical inactivity in rural areas, compared with high clusters of access to exercise opportunities and health-care facilities in urban areas. The international health community is encouraged to utilize spatial information systems to examine variations and recommend evidence-based recommendations to redistribute equitable public health efforts. Regorafenib cost The development of strategies and initiatives toward reducing variation in health and sustainable development is key to promote the population wellbeing.Environmental justice issues have been incrementally but consistently covered within this journal in the last two decades. This article reviews theoretical and empirical approaches to justice in INEA scholarship in order to identify trends and draw lessons for the interpretation and implementation of the 2030 Agenda and for living within environmental limits. Our review traces how justice considerations were initially covered within new institutionalist scholarship on collective action and social practices, to conceptualizing justice as 'access and allocation', to newer notions of planetary justice. We link these trends to scholarship on diverse epistemologies and typologies of justice, including conservative, corrective, distributive and procedural justice, and examine their operationalization within the empirical domains of climate, water and sustainable development. In concluding, we draw out implications for the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. We argue that a just approach is essential to living within environmental limits, with greater synergies needed between collective action and social practice approaches. While justice can be unpacked for practical and political reasons into access and allocation, we find that (procedural) access considerations are more politically palatable in practice than a concern with allocation (distributive justice), which remains much more contested. As such, dominant approaches promote 'conservative' or thin market-based notions of justice. We conclude by noting that just allocation is a precondition to just access. A failure to prioritize and achieve more corrective and distributive forms of justice will, without doubt, contribute to exacerbating global ecological degradation.

Tumor hypoxia, a predominant feature of solid tumor produces drug resistance that significantly impacts a patient's clinical outcomes. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α) is the major mutation involved in establishing the microenvironment. As a consequence of its involvement in pathways that enable rapid tumor growth, it creates resistance to chemotherapeutic treatments. The propensity of medications to demonstrate drug action often diverges according to the genetic composition. The aim of this study is therefore to examine the effect of population-dependent drug response variations using mutation models.

Genetic variations distinctive to major super-populations were identified, and the mutated gene was acquired as a result of incorporating the variants. The mutated gene sequence was transcribed and translated to obtain the target amino acid sequence. To investigate the effects of mutations, protein models were developed using homology modeling. The target templates for the backbone structure were identified by characterization of primary and secondary protein structures. The modeled proteins were then validated for structural confirmation and flexibility. Potential models were used for interaction studies with hypoxia-specific molecules (tirapazamine, apaziquone, and ENMD) using docking analysis. To verify their stability under pre-defined dynamic conditions, the complexes were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation.

The current research models demonstrate with the pharmacogenomic-based mutation of HIF1α the impact of individual variants in altering the person-specific drug response under tumor hypoxic conditions. It also elucidates that the therapeutic effect is altered concerning population-dependent genetic changes in the individual.

The study, therefore, asserts the need to set up a personalized drug design approach to enhance tumor hypoxia treatment efficacy.

The study, therefore, asserts the need to set up a personalized drug design approach to enhance tumor hypoxia treatment efficacy.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction, hyperresponsiveness, and remodeling. Asthma prevalence has increased significantly globally over the last decade, and it remains incurable to this date.

The present study evaluated some of the antiasthmatic medicinal plants to assess their mode of action.

Animal models for milk-induced leukocytosis, milk-induced eosinophilia, mast cell degranulation, clonidine-induced catalepsy, and active paw anaphylaxis were used to assess the pharmacological effects of Ammi visnaga, Medicago sativa, and Urtica dioica.

Mice pretreated with diazepam, methanolic extract of

, and

exhibited significant (

< 0.05) inhibition in milk-induced leukocytosis. However, only

showed statistically significant (

< 0.05) results. All plants showed a statistically significant (

< 0.05) tendency to decrease milk-induced eosinophilia. Methanolic extracts of all plants significantly (

< 0.05) protected mast cells against histamine-mediated clonidine-induced catalepsy from mast cells which proves the antihistaminic activity of these plants.

The aim of this study was the comparison of the glycemic control and maternal outcomes in women affected with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) managed with metformin versus insulin.

The participants included in this study were 140 women diagnosed with GDM. They were randomized into two groups, women included in the first group were treated with metformin and the women of the second group were managed with insulin.

The glycemic control was similar in both the treatment arms and the only noteworthy difference was found in the mean fasting blood glucose, which was significantly higher in the women receiving insulin as compared to the women receiving metformin. There were no substantial differences in the maternal outcome with the use of metformin compared to insulin in women with GDM.

The incidence of operative delivery was higher in metformin-treated group, whereas the hospital admission rate was considerably elevated in insulin-treated group.

The incidence of operative delivery was higher in metformin-treated group, whereas the hospital admission rate was considerably elevated in insulin-treated group.

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a multifactor condition associated with cardiovascular risk. Thyroid hormones regulate MetS components via controlling energy homeostasis, lipids, and glucose metabolism. The risk ratio for MetS and related disorders changes between males and females. Aim and Objectives Study aim to access thyroid functions in Saudi population with metabolic syndrome.

The current study sought to evaluate the impact of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) in predicting the risk of MetS. A total of 200 (MetS 100 and control 100) Saudi Arabian males were enrolled for the study, and after applying eligibility criteria, the eligible study size was examined for the physical test (chest, abdominal, and general examination with stress on blood pressure measurement) and anthropometric parameters (bodyweight, body mass index, and waist circumference).

In the present study, the biochemical parameters, such as TSH, FT3, FT4, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), high-density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting glucose, and fasting insulin were measured in the study group, and statistical analysis was also performed. The results revealed that the MetS and control differ in terms of physical, anthropometric, and biochemical markers. The study showed that thyroid dysfunction (TD) and MetS are closely associated with the difference in physical, anthropometric, and metabolic characteristics.

The result demonstrated hypothyroidism major risk factor due to TD in MetS. These findings provide a scientific basis for diagnosis and the management of TD, associated MetS, and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

The result demonstrated hypothyroidism major risk factor due to TD in MetS. These findings provide a scientific basis for diagnosis and the management of TD, associated MetS, and cardiovascular disease (CVD).Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent and progressive in nature. As the time progress, the multifaceted complications and comorbidities associated to diabetes worsen in the form of macrovascular or microvascular or both. Pharmacometrics modeling is a step forward in minimizing the risk or at least understanding the factors associated to its progression with the passage of time. These models investigate diabetes treatments effects and the progression factors with different viewpoints incorporating insulin-glucose dynamics, dose-response and pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics relationships. Pharmacometrics modeling is an innovative approach in a sense that it is taking us away from the conventional analysis by providing all the opportunities in improving the decision-making in health sector. It has been suggested that we can achieve greater statistical power for determining drug effects through model-based evaluation than through traditional evaluations. The main aim of this review was to evaluate pharmacometrics approaches used in modeling diabetes progression through time and also the integrated models describing glucose-insulin dynamics.