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Subsequently, the result of Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the mutated genes in this case were involved in neuron development. All of these findings indicated the diagnosis of DCS with neurogenic differentiation. Postoperatively, the patient received high-dose radiotherapy (60Gy) and chemotherapy. There was no MRI evidence of tumor recurrence at the 21-month postoperative follow-up.

This unusual DCS case with neuronal differentiation is an important addition to the immuno-phenotypic spectrum of DCS. Although the prognosis for DCS is poor, gross tumor resection with high dose radiotherapy and chemotherapy may assist in prolonging survival.

This unusual DCS case with neuronal differentiation is an important addition to the immuno-phenotypic spectrum of DCS. Although the prognosis for DCS is poor, gross tumor resection with high dose radiotherapy and chemotherapy may assist in prolonging survival.

This study aimed to report a case of bilateral anterior non-granulomatous chronic non-infectious uveitis associated with isolated nail psoriasis without articular involvement.

A 55-year-old man with a history of open-angle glaucoma was referred to our uveitis and ocular immunology center with intraocular inflammation concordant with chronic non-infectious bilateral anterior non-granulomatous uveitis. At presentation, he had moderate inflammation in the anterior chamber bilaterally and lesions characteristic of nail psoriasis. Nail psoriasis was later confirmed by nail ultrasonography performed by a radiologist who specialized in psoriasis. Appropriate clinical and paraclinical assessments were conducted, ruling out all other possible causes of uveitis. The patient required dual systemic immunomodulatory therapy with methotrexate and adalimumab, topical anti-inflammatory drugs (steroidal and non-steroidal), and anti-glaucoma therapy to achieve satisfactory inflammatory and ocular pressure control.

This is the first report of non-infectious uveitis associated with nail compromise in a patient without other manifestations of psoriasis. Despite reports on the relationship between psoriatic disease and uveitis, there is insufficient information on clinical phenotypes associated with uveitis that could lead to later diagnosis and treatment of associated intraocular inflammation. Clinicians should be aware of all subtypes of psoriasis that increases a risk of developing uveitis in these patients.

This is the first report of non-infectious uveitis associated with nail compromise in a patient without other manifestations of psoriasis. Despite reports on the relationship between psoriatic disease and uveitis, there is insufficient information on clinical phenotypes associated with uveitis that could lead to later diagnosis and treatment of associated intraocular inflammation. Clinicians should be aware of all subtypes of psoriasis that increases a risk of developing uveitis in these patients.

Non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce the spread of COVID-19 may have disproportionately affected already disadvantaged populations.

We analysed data from 2710 young adult participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. We assessed the associations of socioeconomic position (SEP) and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs, e.g. abuse, neglect, measures of family dysfunction) with changes to health-related behaviours (meals, snacks, exercise, sleep, alcohol and smoking/vaping), and to financial and employment status during the first UK lockdown between March-June 2020.

Experiencing 4+ ACEs was associated with reporting decreased sleep quantity during lockdown (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.07-2.18) and increased smoking and/or vaping (OR 1.85, 95% CI 0.99-3.43); no other associations were seen between ACEs or SEP and health-related behaviour changes. Adverse financial and employment changes were more likely for people with low SEP and for people who had experienced multiple ACEs; e.g. a history of 4+ ACEs was associated with being furloughed or on other leave during lockdown (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.35-2.74).

In this sample of young adults, there was little evidence that lockdown worsened inequalities in health-related behaviours. However, adverse financial and employment consequences of lockdown were more likely to be experienced by people who have already experienced socioeconomic deprivation or childhood adversity, thereby widening social inequalities and demonstrating the need for support into adulthood for those with a history of ACEs.

In this sample of young adults, there was little evidence that lockdown worsened inequalities in health-related behaviours. However, adverse financial and employment consequences of lockdown were more likely to be experienced by people who have already experienced socioeconomic deprivation or childhood adversity, thereby widening social inequalities and demonstrating the need for support into adulthood for those with a history of ACEs.

To report about the therapy of benign eyelid tumors with a modified argon laser technique as an alternative to surgery.

Nineteen benign tumors of the eyelid were included in this study. After staining the surface of the tumor with a violet marker, low-energy argon laser photoablation was performed. A mean number of 312 spots (spot size ranging from 150 to 500μm) with a power of 200 to 400 mW, and a duration between 0.1 and 0.2s were applied.

The eyelid tumors were located mainly in the lower eyelid (58%). Dermal nevi and papilloma were the most frequently treated lesions. Over a mean follow-up period of 10.5months (range 6-18months), all eyelid tumors were successfully treated by a single session of laser therapy. All patients were satisfied with the laser therapy and the cosmetic result. No postoperative complications were observed. No relapses occurred during follow-up.

Our modified method of argon laser therapy utilizes the staining of the surface of the eyelid tumor to increase the amount of thermal laser energy absorbed by the target. This novel technique is simple and effective for treating benign eyelid tumors.

Our modified method of argon laser therapy utilizes the staining of the surface of the eyelid tumor to increase the amount of thermal laser energy absorbed by the target. This novel technique is simple and effective for treating benign eyelid tumors.

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is established as the preferred method of mediastinal lymph node (LN) staging in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Selective (targeted) LN sampling is most commonly performed however studies in early stage NSCLC and locally advanced NSCLC confirm systematic EBUS-TBNA evaluation improves accuracy of mediastinal staging. This study aims to establish the rate of detection of positron emission tomography (PET)-occult LN metastases following systematic LN staging by EBUS-TBNA, and to determine the utility of systematic mediastinal staging for accurate delineation of radiation treatment fields in patients with locally advanced NSCLC.

Consecutive patients undergoing EBUS-TBNA for diagnosis/staging of locally advanced NSCLC will be enrolled in this international multi-centre single arm study. Systematic mediastinal LN evaluation will be performed, with all LN exceeding 6mm to be sampled by TBNA. Where feasible, endoscopic ultrasound stystematic LN staging in early stage NSCLC report a significant discordance between PET and EBUS-TBNA. In patients with locally advanced disease this has significant implications for radiation field planning, with risk of geographic miss in the event of PET-occult mediastinal LN metastases. The SEISMIC study will examine both diagnostic outcomes following systematic LN staging with EBUS-TBNA, and impact on radiation treatment planning.

ACTRN12617000333314, ANZCTR, Registered on 3 March 2017.

ACTRN12617000333314, ANZCTR, Registered on 3 March 2017.

Countries of the Greater Mekong Sub-region aim to achieve malaria elimination by 2030. In the region, malaria is concentrated in high-risk areas and populations such as forest-going mobile and migrant populations (MMPs). However, routine protective measures such as long-lasting insecticidal nets do not prevent all infectious bites in these high-risk populations. Evidence for the effectiveness of a personal protection package tailored to forest-going MMPs which is acceptable, feasible, and cost-effective for reducing malaria transmission is required to inform the malaria elimination toolkit in the region.

A personal protection package consisting of long-lasting insecticidal hammock net, insect repellent and health communication pamphlet was developed in consultation with relevant implementing partners from Cambodia and Lao PDR. An open stepped-wedge cluster-randomised controlled trial will be conducted over a period of 12months in a minimum of 488 villages (~ 428 in Lao PDR and ~ 60 in Cambodia) to evaluatl protection package can reduce residual malaria transmission among forest-going MMPs in Cambodia and Lao PDR. It will also measure implementation research outcomes such as effectiveness of the intervention package, cost-effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility, in order to inform potential national and regional policy. Trial registration This trial was prospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05117567) on 11th November 2021.

This study, using a rigorous design and mixed-methods methodology, will evaluate whether a personal protection package can reduce residual malaria transmission among forest-going MMPs in Cambodia and Lao PDR. It will also measure implementation research outcomes such as effectiveness of the intervention package, cost-effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility, in order to inform potential national and regional policy. Trial registration This trial was prospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05117567) on 11th November 2021.

The South African legal framework requires mandatory parental/legal guardian consent for all research with children. Ethics guidelines provide some reprieve by allowing RECs to grant waivers of parental or guardianship consent in certain defined circumstances. In the first instance, consent may be provided by a proxy when parents or guardians are unavailable, for example with orphaned children. PMX-53 nmr In the second instance, guidelines permit adolescent self-consent when the nature of the study justifies this approach, for example, research on sensitive issues like sexual behaviour or substance use.

South African guidelines set several conditions that must be met for waivers to be granted. These norms overlap with those in international guidelines. However, the ethical norms, especially related to self-consent are sometimes vague. This article critically evaluates the consent norms in the national ethics guidelines and makes recommendations for reform to ethics guidelines in a way that recognises the value of child participation in research, their evolving decision-making capacity and their best interests.

Recommendations are made to harmonise ethics guidelines and law in a way that promotes child participation in research, to ensure additional protections for adolescents when self-consent is allowed, and to withdraw procedural requirements for the community endorsement of self-consent strategies.

Recommendations are made to harmonise ethics guidelines and law in a way that promotes child participation in research, to ensure additional protections for adolescents when self-consent is allowed, and to withdraw procedural requirements for the community endorsement of self-consent strategies.