Mccullochbarber2337

lar MCS appear to have short-term outcomes similar to those transplanted without MCS. Larger numbers and longer observation are required to confirm these findings.

Mechanical bowel preparation with antibiotics is associated with decreased surgical site infections (SSI) after colorectal surgery. However, antibiotics have side effects, such as vomiting. It is unknown how patient willingness to take antibiotics is affected by side effect severity.

This was a single-center study of 86 patients (37 undergoing colorectal surgery) using a modified standard gamble technique. We presented patients with four hypothetical scenarios, holding SSI reduction constant and varying antibiotic side effect severity. Patients reported willingness to take antibiotics using a scale from 0 to 100. Patients also reported the maximum level of side effects they would accept. We examined the association between side effect severity and willingness to take antibiotics with a multivariable mixed-effects regression model and investigated differences in surgical and nonsurgical patients.

After adjusting for age, sex, and patient type, willingness scores decreased with increasing side effect severity. No side effects 92 (CI 86,99), mild 83 (CI 76,90), moderate 76 (CI 69,83), and severe 46 (CI 38,52), P<0.001. Surgical patients were more willing to take antibiotics at all severity levels compared with nonsurgical patients, P<0.001. ABT-199 in vitro Surgical (57%) and nonsurgical (58%) patients reported that they would accept moderate side effects. Patients with prior SSI (n=5) would take antibiotics regardless of side effect severity.

Increasing antibiotic side effect severity is associated with decreased willingness to take antibiotics during bowel preparation, despite a reduction in SSI. Adherence may be improved with strategies that increase patient education and decrease side effects during bowel preparation.

Increasing antibiotic side effect severity is associated with decreased willingness to take antibiotics during bowel preparation, despite a reduction in SSI. Adherence may be improved with strategies that increase patient education and decrease side effects during bowel preparation.

Few countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have robust emergency medical services (EMS). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends scaling-up lay first responder programs as the first step toward formal EMS development.

We trained and equipped 4,529 lay first responders (LFRs) between June-December 2019 in Bombali District, Sierra Leone, with a 5-hour hands-on, contextually-adapted prehospital trauma course to cover 535,000 people. Instructors trained 1,029 LFRs and 50 local trainers in a training-of-trainers (TOT) model, who then trained an additional 3,500 LFRs. A validated, 23-question pre-/post-test measured knowledge improvement, while six- and nine-month follow-up tests measured knowledge retention. Incident reports tracked patient encounters to assess longitudinal impact.

Median pre-/post-test scores improved by 43.5 percentage points (34.8% vs. 78.3%, p<0.0001). Knowledge retention was assessed at six months, with median score dropping to 60.9%, while at nine months, median score dropped to 43.e settings.

The aim of this study was to evaluate functional outcomes in patients with varus malposition following open reduction and internal fixation of displaced proximal humeral fractures.

Data of 685 patients with a mean age of 67±15.8 years (67% female), that were treated by open reduction and internal fixation for a displaced proximal humeral fracture at a level 1 trauma center, were analyzed. On standardized x-ray imaging, the degree of varus displacement was measured over a minimum of two years follow-up and patients were divided into three groups. Group A anatomic or <10° of varus or valgus malposition, group B 10-20° of varus malposition and group C >20° varus malposition, while anatomic head-shaft-angle was defined 135° The groups were compared with regards to functional outcomes by means of the Constant Score (CS).

In 565 patients with anatomic to minor <10° varus or valgus malposition (Group A), the mean CS was 72.5±18.8 points. The%CS to the uninjured side was 87.2±24.1 and the age and gender normalized nCS was 84.7±21.7. In comparison, in group B (10-20° varus) the mean CS was 64.7±16.9, the mean%CS was 84.5±18.3 and the mean nCS was 76.2±20.6. In group C (>20° varus) the mean CS was 54.1±19.5, the mean was%CS 72.3±26.4 and the mean nCS was 64.8±23.8 (p=0.02, p=0.03, p=0.01). Overall, the CS,%CS and nCS correlated significantly with the degree of varus position (Pearson correlation, r=0.23, r=0.21, r=0.25).

Varus malposition is related to inferior functional outcomes compared to anatomic healing in patients treated by open reduction and internal fixation for proximal humeral fractures. The data supports suggestions to prevent varus malposition in open reduction and internal fixation. In severe >20° of varus malposition, revision surgery should be considered.

20° of varus malposition, revision surgery should be considered.

To assess the role of neck circumference (NC) in assessing insulin resistance (IR) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

A cross-sectional study.

University-affiliated hospital.

One hundred forty-three women with PCOS were recruited from November 2018 to February2020.

None.

The associations of NC with IR and the cutoff points of NC for IR.

The prevalence rates of IR were 64.3%. The patients with PCOS with IR had significantly greater values of systolic blood pressure, NC, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Pearson correlation analysis showed body mass index (log-transformed), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and HOMA-IR (log-transformed) were positively correlated with NC. Multivariable linear regression showed that NC was significantly associated with HOMA-IR (log-transformed), with the standardized regression coefficient of 0.330 with adjustment for potential confounding factors.