Mccormickavila0190

Using the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System to record traits and multivariate statistics to estimate biological affinities, Al Khiday is comparable to several Holocene samples, yet also highly divergent from contemporaneous Lower Nubians. Thus, population continuity is indicated after all, but with late Pleistocene Upper-rather than Lower Nubians as originally suggested-assuming dental traits are adequate proxies for ancient DNA.The ability to clone oneself has clear benefits-no need for mate hunting or dilution of one's genome in offspring. It is therefore unsurprising that some populations of haplo-diploid social insects have evolved thelytokous parthenogenesis-the virgin birth of a female. But thelytokous parthenogenesis has a downside the loss of heterozygosity (LoH) as a consequence of genetic recombination. LoH in haplo-diploid insects can be highly deleterious because female sex determination often relies on heterozygosity at sex-determining loci. The two female castes of the Cape honeybee, Apis mellifera capensis, differ in their mode of reproduction. While workers always reproduce thelytokously, queens always mate and reproduce sexually. For workers, it is important to reduce the frequency of recombination so as to not produce offspring that are homozygous. Here, we ask whether recombination rates differ between Cape workers and Cape queens that we experimentally manipulated to reproduce thelytokously. We tested our hypothesis that Cape workers have evolved mechanisms that restrain genetic recombination, whereas queens have no need for such mechanisms because they reproduce sexually. Using a combination of microsatellite genotyping and whole-genome sequencing we find that a reduction in recombination is confined to workers only.Aim Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of genicular nerves can treat refractory chronic knee pain. This study evaluated association between patient and procedural characteristics and pain improvement after genicular nerve RFA. Materials & methods A retrospective chart review. Data were extracted from patients who underwent thermal or cooled RFA of the knee. Results A total of 124 patients were included. 81% of patients reported ≥75% pain relief after diagnostic nerve blocks. 35% reported ≥50% pain reduction from the RFA. Predictors of improved pain outcomes included higher baseline pain, no depression and thermal (vs cooled) RFA. Conclusion Identifying patients who may benefit the most from genicular RFA is still not clear. Pain reduction differences between patients with and without depression and RFA type deserves further exploration.Aim To assess the perception of telehealth visits among a multiracial cancer population during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at outpatient cancer clinics in Hawaii between March and August 2020. Patients were invited to participate in the survey either by phone or email. Results Of the 212 survey respondents, 61.3% were Asian, 23.6% were White and 15.1% were Native Hawaiians or Pacific Islanders. Asians, Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders were less likely to desire future telehealth visits compared with Whites. Predictors with regard to preferring future telehealth visits included lower income and hematopoietic cancers. Conclusion The authors found racial differences in preference for telehealth. Future studies aimed at overcoming these racial disparities are needed to provide equitable oncology care.Aims Opioid-reduced anesthesia (ORA) was suggested to decrease morphine consumption after adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) surgery and incidence of chronic pain. Materials & methods A prospective analysis using the ORA in AIS surgery was performed. Two cohorts were compared a control group (opioid-based anesthesia) and the ORA group. The main outcome was morphine consumption at day 1. Results 33 patients operated for AIS using ORA were compared with 36 with opioid-based anesthesia. Morphine consumption was decreased in the ORA group (1.1 mg.kg-1 [0.2-2] vs 0.8 mg.kg-1 [0.3-2]; p = 0.02) at day 1. Persistent neuropathic pain at 1 year was decreased in the ORA group (p = 0.02). Conclusion The ORA protocol is efficient to reduce postoperative morphine consumption in AIS surgery and preventing neuropathic pain.Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by atypical functional connectivity (FC) within and between distributed brain networks. However, FC findings have often been inconsistent, possibly due to focus on static FC rather than brain dynamics. Lagged connectivity analyses aim to evaluate temporal latency, and presumably neural propagation, between regions. This approach may therefore reveal a more detailed picture of network organization in ASD than traditional FC methods. SCH 900776 The current study evaluated whole-brain lag patterns in adolescents with ASD (n = 28) and their typically developing peers (n = 22). Functional MRI data were collected during rest and during a lexico-semantic decision task. Optimal lag was calculated for each pair of regions of interest using cross-covariance, and mean latency projections were calculated for each region. Latency projections did not regionally differ between groups, with the same regions emerging among the 'earliest' and 'latest.' Although many of the longest absolute latencies were preserved across resting-state and task conditions, lag patterns overall were affected by condition, as many regions shifted toward zero-lag during task performance. Lag structure was also strongly associated with literature-derived estimates of arterial transit time. Results suggest that lag patterns are broadly typical in ASD but undergo changes during task performance. Moreover, lag patterns appear to reflect a combination of neural and vascular sources, which should be carefully considered when interpreting lagged FC.Introduction Lateralization in brain function has been associated with age and sex in previous work; however, there has been less focus on lateralization of functional networks during development. Aim We aim to examine laterality in typical development; a clearer understanding of how and to what extent functional brain networks are lateralized in typical development may eventually prove to hold predictive information in psychopathology. Material and Methods In this study, we examine the lateralization of resting-state networks assessed with a group-independent component analysis using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging from a large cohort consisting of 774 children, ages 6-10 years. This is an extension of our previous work on normal aging in adults, where we now assess whether there are similar patterns in children. Results Unlike the results from our study of healthy aging in adults, which showed a decrease in laterality with increasing age, in this study we found both decreases and increases in lateralization in multiple networks with development.