Mccollummacdonald5690

Statistical analysis delivered evidence that the efficiencies significantly depend on different meteorological variables (irradiance and relative humidity) besides NO, NO2 ambient concentrations. Lower efficiencies were observed for higher concentration levels and vice versa. The influence of water vapour could be related to two different effects a short-term contribution by the instantaneous air humidity and a long-term component associated with the hygroscopic state of the material. The contribution of wind to the pollutant removal efficiencies was principally related to the humidity of air masses moving above the location and to the advection of pollutants from specific emission sources. BACKGROUND AND AIMS Neuroimmune guidance cues have been shown to play a role in atherosclerosis, but their exact role in human pathophysiology is largely unknown. In the current study, we investigated the role of a c.1769G > T variant in Netrin-1 in (premature) atherosclerosis. METHODS To determine the effect of the genetic variation, purified Netrin-1, either wild type (wtNetrin-1) or the patient observed variation (mutNetrin-1), was used for migration, adhesion, endothelial barrier function and bindings assays. Expression of adhesion molecules and transcription proteins was analyzed by RT-PCR, Western blot or ELISA. To further delineate how mutNetrin-1 mediates its effect on cell migration, lenti-viral knockdown of UNC5B or DCC was used. RESULTS Bindings assays revealed a decreased binding capacity of mutNetrin-1 to the receptors UNC5B, DCC and β3-integrin and an increased binding capacity to neogenin, heparin and heparan sulfate compared to wtNetrin-1. Exposure of endothelial cells to mutNetrin-1 resulted in enhanced monocyte adhesion and expression of IL-6, CCL2 and ICAM-1 compared to wtNetrin-1. In addition, mutNetrin-1 lacks the inhibitory effect on the NF-κB pathway that is observed for wtNetrin-1. Moreover, the presence of mutNetrin-1 diminished migration of macrophages and smooth muscle cells. Importantly, UNC5B or DCC specific knockdown showed that mutNetrin-1 is unable to act through DCC resulting in enhanced inhibition of migration. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrates that mutNetrin-1 fails to exert anti-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells and more strongly blocks macrophage migration compared to wtNetrin-1, suggesting that the carriers of this genetic molecular variant may well be at risk for premature atherosclerosis. Nonlinear and high-order characteristics could directly hinder the application of many advanced control algorithms for electro-hydraulic system which is a coupling system with double-dynamics of mechanical and hydraulic components. In this paper, a practical torque tracking control using singular perturbation theory is proposed for electro-hydraulic load simulator. AdipoRon clinical trial The system model is transformed into a singularly perturbed form including a slow mechanical system and a fast hydraulic system. To achieve high accuracy and strong robustness, an active disturbance rejection control based on desired model compensation is developed for the slow mechanical system. It is proved that the mechanical system with developed slow controller is exponentially stable. A proportional control law is employed for the fast hydraulic system. This hydraulic system with developed fast controller is demonstrated to be exponentially stable. Stability of the whole closed-loop system is theoretically analyzed using the extended Tikhonov's theorem. Experimental results validate the presented control scheme. The Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) is an object of the ever growing interest in the latest years due to its limited requirements concerning knowledge of a plant's mathematical model. In this paper, a problem of system stability in presence of modelling uncertainties is investigated. Precisely, imperfect knowledge of the manipulator dynamics and an inertia matrix is considered by the means of the Lyapunov analysis and conditions are formulated which guarantees convergence of the errors in the system to some finite boundary. Influence of the unknown inertia matrix is thoroughly investigated. It is shown, that if the third derivative of the desired trajectory is small enough then an intentional increase of the input matrix estimation error may lead to a reduction of the tracking error boundary. Obtained results are supported by presented simulations and experiments. INTRODUCTION Distance from a liver transplant (LT) center does not affect post-transplant outcomes. Rural areas have lower rates of listing and receiving solid organ transplants. The aim of this study was to investigate trends in referral for LT based on physician-dependent variables. METHODS An online survey was distributed to a cohort of physicians. Questions pertained to physician demographics, including age, specialty, practice location, and training at an LT center. Distances to the nearest transplant center was calculated based on zip code. Variables studied included length of sobriety, patient age, and body mass index required for transplant evaluation. Responses were analyzed using univariate ordinal logistic regression models and multivariable analyses. RESULTS In the study, 299 physician respondents were analyzed. Physicians without LT center training were 2.05 (confidence interval [CI] 1.33-3.17) times more likely to require longer duration of sobriety. As distance increased from a transplant center, the odds of requiring longer sobriety increased by 1.43 (CI 1.11-1.83) times. Gastroenterologists (GIs) and transplant hepatologists (THs) showed significant differences in referral candidacy for patients with alcohol-related liver disease (P  less then .0001). When compared to GIs/THs, primary care physicians were 2.11 times (CI 0.97-4.58) more likely to require a longer duration of sobriety. No significant physician-dependent variables were found in respect to patient age or body mass index. DISCUSSION Our study demonstrates that physician-dependent variables exist in referral for transplant evaluation. GIs and THs were more likely to refer higher-risk patients, which suggests a disparity in referral of patients with alcohol-related liver disease to transplantation depending on access to subspecialty care.