Maxwellmiller8106

ApoA-I also re-established the normal phenotype of the lymphatic network in the diaphragms of human TNF transgenic mice.

ApoA-I restores the neovascularization capacity of the lymphatic system during TNF-mediated inflammation. This study provides a proof-of-concept that high-density lipoprotein-based therapeutic strategies may attenuate chronic inflammation via its action on lymphatic vasculature.

ApoA-I restores the neovascularization capacity of the lymphatic system during TNF-mediated inflammation. Sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate concentration This study provides a proof-of-concept that high-density lipoprotein-based therapeutic strategies may attenuate chronic inflammation via its action on lymphatic vasculature.

The influence of high-dose statin therapy on the serial stent healing process has not been fully investigated. Using optical coherence tomography, the effect of high-dose statin therapy on stent strut coverage was evaluated in drug-eluting stent-treated patients.

Sixty patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups according to the statin dose (atorvastatin 40 mg as high-dose statin therapy [n=29] versus pravastatin 20 mg as low-dose statin therapy [n=31]). Serial optical coherence tomographic evaluation post procedure and at the 3-month and 12-month follow-ups was performed in 50 patients with 54 stents (23 atorvastatin-treated patients versus 27 pravastatin-treated patients). The percentage of uncovered struts was defined as the ratio of uncovered struts/total struts. The primary end point was the percentage of uncovered struts at the 12-month follow-up. The secondary end point was the percentage of uncovered struts at the 3-month follow-up and the comparative percentage change (Δ) of uncovered struts at the 3- and 12-month follow-ups between the different dose statin therapies. The percentage of uncovered struts was 7.4% (range, 4.3%-10.4%) in atorvastatin-treated patients versus 10.6% (range, 5.7%-22.6%) in pravastatin-treated patients at the 3-month follow-up (P=0.13) and 1.3% (0.3%-3.8%) versus 2.5% (0.9%-9.7%), respectively, at the 12-month follow-up (P=0.01). The percentage Δ of uncovered struts from 3 to 12 months of follow-up was -7.9±8.5% in atorvastatin-treated patients versus -9.3±12.5% in pravastatin-treated patients (P=0.67).

This study suggested that high-dose statin therapy might provide a beneficial effect for the vascular healing process after drug-eluting stent implantation.

This study suggested that high-dose statin therapy might provide a beneficial effect for the vascular healing process after drug-eluting stent implantation.Under various pathological conditions, including thrombosis and inflammation, extracellular nucleotide levels may increase because of both active release and passive leakage from damaged or dying cells. Once in the extracellular compartment, nucleotides interact with plasma membrane receptors belonging to the P2 purinergic family, which are expressed by virtually all circulating blood cells and in most blood vessels. In this review, we focus on the specific role of the 3 platelet P2 receptors P2Y1, P2Y12, and P2X1 in hemostasis and arterial thrombosis. Beyond platelets, these 3 receptors, along with the P2Y2, P2Y6, and P2X7 receptors, constitute the main P2 receptors mediating the proinflammatory effects of nucleotides, which play important roles in various functions of circulating blood cells and cells of the vessel wall. Each of these P2 receptor subtypes specifically contributes to chronic or acute vascular inflammation and related diseases, such as atherosclerosis, restenosis, endotoxemia, and sepsis. The potential for therapeutic targeting of these P2 receptor subtypes is also discussed.

Ibrutinib is an irreversible Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for treatment of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and mantle cell lymphoma that increases the risk of bleeding among patients. Platelets from ibrutinib-treated patients exhibit deficiencies in collagen-evoked signaling in suspension; however, the significance of this observation and how it relates to bleeding risk is unclear, as platelets encounter immobile collagen in vivo. We sought to clarify the effects of ibrutinib on platelet function to better understand the mechanism underlying bleeding risk.

By comparing signaling in suspension and during adhesion to immobilized ligands, we found that the collagen signaling deficiency caused by ibrutinib is milder during adhesion to immobilized collagen. We also found that platelets in whole blood treated with ibrutinib adhered to collagen under arterial shear but formed unstable thrombi, suggesting that the collagen signaling deficiency caused by ibrutinib may not mbus stability, may have a detrimental effect on hemostasis.

Short and long sleep duration are associated with increased risk of clinical cardiovascular events, but the association between sleep duration and subclinical cardiovascular disease is not well established. We examined the association between sleep duration and sleep quality with coronary artery calcification (CAC) and with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV) in a large sample of young and middle-aged asymptomatic adults.

We conducted a cross-sectional study of adult men and women who underwent a health checkup examination, including assessment of sleep duration and quality and coupled with either CAC (n=29 203) or brachial-ankle PWV (n=18 106). The multivariate-adjusted CAC score ratios (95% confidence interval) comparing sleep durations of ≤5, 6, 8, and ≥9 hours with 7 hours of sleep were 1.50 (1.17-1.93), 1.34 (1.10-1.63), 1.37 (0.99-1.89), and 1.72 (0.90-3.28), respectively (P for quadratic trend=0.002). The corresponding average differences in brachial-ankle PWV were 6.7 (0.75-12.6), 2.9 (-1.7 to 7.4), 10.5 (4.5-16.5), and 9.6 (-0.7 to 19.8) cm/s, respectively (P for quadratic trend=0.019). Poor subjective sleep quality was associated with CAC in women but not in men, whereas the association between poor subjective sleep quality and brachial-ankle PWV was stronger in men than in women.

In this large study of apparently healthy men and women, extreme sleep duration and poor subjective sleep quality were associated with increased prevalence of CAC and higher PWV. Our results underscore the importance of an adequate quantity and quality of sleep to maintain cardiovascular health.

In this large study of apparently healthy men and women, extreme sleep duration and poor subjective sleep quality were associated with increased prevalence of CAC and higher PWV. Our results underscore the importance of an adequate quantity and quality of sleep to maintain cardiovascular health.

To investigate whether dietary calcium intake will modify the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD) with intact serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations in apparently healthy Indian adolescents.

Cross-sectional study.

Apparently healthy adolescents aged 10-14 years (n=181), from Gujarat, western India. Study conducted from January 2012 to March 2014.

Serum 25OHD concentrations and intact serum PTH concentrations (both using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay) were measured. Diet was recorded through 24 h diet recall and calcium intake was computed (C-diet V.2.1). To assess relationship between 25OHD and PTH, data were dichotomised according to median calcium intakes (520 mg/day) and relationship between serum 25OHD and PTH in the two subgroups was plotted.

Subjects with calcium intakes above median (>520 mg/day) had lower intact serum PTH values for given serum 25OHD concentration while those with calcium intakes below median (<520 mg/day) had higher intact serum PTH values for given serum 25OHD concentration. Serum 25OHD concentration was negatively correlated with intact serum PTH concentration at lower as well as higher calcium intakes (r=- 0.606 and -0.483, respectively, p<0.01 for both). Using a regression analysis, predicted values for intact serum PTH concentration for the given serum 25OHD concentrations were plotted. The plot revealed a negative shift with increasing calcium intake.

Dietary calcium intake modifies the relationship between serum 25OHD concentrations and intact serum PTH concentrations. Thus, dietary calcium intake should be taken into account when assessing an individual's vitamin D status.

Dietary calcium intake modifies the relationship between serum 25OHD concentrations and intact serum PTH concentrations. Thus, dietary calcium intake should be taken into account when assessing an individual's vitamin D status.Despite advances in surgical and catheter-based treatment for congenital heart disease (CHD), there remain wide disparities across the globe. Ongoing international humanitarian and in-country programmes are working to address these issues with the ultimate goal to increase the quality and quantity of paediatric cardiac care, particularly in under-served regions of the world. This review aims to illustrate the reasons for these inequalities and suggests novel ways of improving access and sustainability of CHD programmes in low-income and middle-income countries.

Compared to children and adults, little is known about changes in adolescent health over time. This study profiles the health of preadolescents in two distinct time periods, 1980 and 2012.

Secondary analysis of the British Cohort Study and the Millennium Cohort Study for preadolescents mostly aged between 10 and 11.5 years (range 9.75-13 years). The prevalence/average of, and socioeconomic gradients in, the following were compared between 1980 and 2012; general health problems, anthropometrics, allergic conditions, infectious diseases, health service use, smoking and parental smoking behaviour and maternal adiposity. Socioeconomic status was measured by familial income (3 groups).

There were decreases in the proportion of hospital admissions (Δ=-0.10(-0.09-0.11)) smoking (Δ=-0.12(-0.11-0.13)), parental smoking (mother (Δ=-0.19(-0.18-0.21)) father (Δ=-0.35(-0.34-0.37), infectious diseases (measles (Δ=-0.46(-0.45-0.47)) whooping cough (Δ=-0.07(-0.06-0.07)) and hearing problems (Δ=-0.04(-0.03-0.05)). Thereus, and have experienced the largest increases in health risks.

There have been reductions in infectious diseases and tobacco exposure among British preadolescents, but overweight and allergic conditions have risen dramatically. Children from deprived families have benefitted least from improvements in health status, and have experienced the largest increases in health risks.

Studies on the effects of school smoking policies are inconclusive and there is no research on whether the effects of school policies vary by educational level. We examined the association between school smoking policies and smoking behaviour among adolescents aged 14-17 years in Europe and assessed educational inequalities in these associations.

Data on 10,325 adolescents from 50 schools in six European cities were obtained from the 2013 SILNE survey. We measured student perceived policy, staff reported policy and its three subscales regulations, communication and sanctions. The association between school policies and smoking outcomes (daily smoking and smoking on school premises) was adjusted for individual characteristics and for parental smoking. We tested interaction between school policies and educational level.

Daily smoking was not associated with school smoking policies (eg, OR total policy=1.04, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.16 and OR student perceived policy=1.04, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.10). Smoking on school premises was less prevalent in schools with stronger staff reported total policy (OR=0.