Masonsahl1351

05). There was a significant decrease in ADA in GCF and significant increases in CAT and GSH levels after SRP (p less then 0.05) in all four groups. The groups that were administered only gel (2nd and 4th) were different from other groups in terms of ADA, CAT, and GSH levels at 1st week (p less then 0.05). Conclusion HA application as an adjunct to SRP did not affect the clinical results, although, in the control sessions following the application, the results were favorable for the biochemical data in gel-applied groups. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov.tr (NCT03754010).Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Beaumont Hospital is a nationally designated symptomatic breast cancer unit, independent of the national screening programme, BreastCheck. Aims We hypothesised that patients attending symptomatic breast cancer units differ from national registry data and aimed to characterise this in a retrospective study. Methods A prospective database of patients diagnosed with breast cancer was maintained between 2014 and 2017. Multiple patient and tumour demographics were analysed retrospectively and compared with data from the National Cancer Registry. Results In total, 944 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer, 379 (40%) were aged 75 years respectively. Expectedly, older patients (≥ 65 years) had a higher proportion of oestrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer (72%). Triple negative breast cancer was relatively more common (17%) among younger patients. These patients received more intensive chemotherapy 118 (64%) received combination anthracycline-taxane chemotherapy, in comparison with only 14 (21%) of older patients. Patients generally presented at a later stage compared with national registry data stage II 491 (52%) and stage III 179 (19%) versus stage II (50%) and stage III (13%). Conclusion Patients attending the symptomatic breast cancer unit Beaumont Hospital have different demographics compared with the national registry data. This presents particular challenges for management.Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination, inflammation, gliosis, and axonal loss. Nowadays, increasing scientific reports have focused on neurodegenerative processes and structural changes of the disease underlying pathogenesis. Aim The aim of this study is a structural analysis of brain magnetic resonance images (MRIs) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) comparing with normal individuals. Methods This case-control study was carried out on MRIs of 20 patients with RRMS and 20 healthy controls in Zahedan, Iran. MR images with 4-mm slice thickness and 0.5-mm intervals in three anatomical planes (coronal, sagittal, axial) were acquired. ALK phosphorylation Then, stereological parameters, including volume and volume density of different parts of the brain, based on Cavalries' point counting method were measured in both groups. Data analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney U and Pearson's correlation tests. Results The results of the study showed that there were no significant differences in total brain, hemispheres, gray matter, and basal nuclei volume and volume density between the two groups (p ˃ 0.05). However, the left hemisphere, cerebellum, lateral ventricles, brainstem, corpus callosum, and white matter volume in RRMS patients were significantly lower than those in controls (p ˂ 0.05). Conclusion The findings showed that quantitative assessments based on stereological method on brain MRIs facilitate clarifying neuropathology of the disease. Also, it can be helpful as a simple index for following up the clinical situation and assessing therapeutic efficiency in MS patients. It may provide a precise treatment approach and justification of symptoms in patients with MS.Rheumatoid nodules are an extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis that are rarely found in the maxillofacial region. A 59-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate, leflunomide, and tocilizumab, presented with an enlarging mass in the left parotid region. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) displayed a lesion compatible with a neoplasm. However, an incisional biopsy showed features consistent with a rheumatoid nodule. The patient was managed conservatively, including cessation of methotrexate and initiation of treatment with hydroxychloroquine. At 15-month follow-up, the lesion had a significant reduction in size. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a rheumatoid nodule in the parotid region. Although it is a rare manifestation, clinicians should consider this a possible differential diagnosis of parotid masses in patients with a history of rheumatoid arthritis or connective tissue disease.Gene fusions involving the NUTM1 gene (NUT) represent defining genetic markers of a highly aggressive carcinoma type with predilection for the midline structures of children and young adults, hence the original description as NUT midline carcinoma. Recent studies have increasingly documented involvement of the NUTM1 gene in the pathogenesis of other entities as well. We herein describe two cases of auditory canal carcinomas with features of porocarcinoma, both harboring a newly described YAP1-NUTM1 gene fusion. Patients were males aged 28 and 82 years who presented with slowly growing lesions in the external auditory canal. Histologic examination showed monomorphic basaloid and squamoid cells arranged into organoid solid aggregates, nests, ducts, small cysts, and focal pseudocribriform pattern with variable mitotic activity, infiltrative growth, and focal squamous differentiation, particularly in the most superficial part of the tumor. Immunohistochemistry revealed consistent reactivity for CK5, p63 and SOX10 and diffuse aberrant expression of TP53. CK7 expression was limited to a few luminal ductal cells. The androgen receptor and S100 were negative. Next generation sequencing (TruSight RNA fusion panel, Illumina) revealed the same YAP1-NUTM1 gene fusion in both tumors, which was subsequently confirmed by NUT-FISH and the monoclonal anti-NUT antibody. These cases represent a novel contribution to the spectrum of NUT-rearranged head and neck malignancies. This adnexal carcinoma variant should not be confused with the highly lethal NUT carcinoma based on NUT immunoreactivity alone.