Marquezmathis2205

Background Severe thoracic trauma affects 55% of patients with multiple traumatic injuries and may lead to acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Pulmonary trauma differs clinically and biologically from lung injury of other origins and carries a mortality rate of 10%. Treatment options are limited, and it is not possible to monitor the progression of lung injury with specific biomarkers. Microdialysis of pleural fluid may offer a viable entry to monitor the lung directly and specifically. Bronchial microdialysis has been described, but not pleural microdialysis. We therefore investigated the feasibility of microdialysis of pleural fluid, and its ability to detect pulmonary injury and inflammation in the pleural cavity after traumatic acute lung injury.Methods 16 pigs (mean weight 64 kg) were randomized to groups "exposed with MD", receiving a focally severe pulmonary contusion and microdialysis (n = 7), "control with MD", receiving only microdialysis and no pulmonary contusion (n = 5), "noment of neutrophils to the pleura which needs to be elucidated further before taking the technique into clinical practice.Background The history of the Aurès mountains and neighbouring areas, a large region of the East of Algeria, was part of the history of the ancient independent Berber kingdoms supposed to be the ancestors of the current Berber people. The genetic background of this region has not yet been clarified.Aim The aims of our study were to investigate the genetic characteristics of 15 autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) in a sample from these regions, to determine the degree of heterogeneity among Algerian and North African samples and to analyse the genetic relationships with other populations.Subjects and methods Allele frequencies, forensic parameters and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) of 15 autosomal STRs included in the PowerPlex® ESI 16 System were obtained from 308 individuals. Allele frequencies were used to determine the relationships with other populations.Results All loci were highly polymorphic and no significant deviation from HWE was detected. Allele frequencies showed that the samples of Aurès region share genetic affinities with other Algerian, North African and Middle Eastern samples, with the exception of samples from Iran and Matmata.Conclusions These markers revealed a genetic homogeneity between the Algerian and North African samples. The genetic affinities indicate that this sample could share a common ancestor with the Middle Eastern samples.Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in woman worldwide, and is the second most common cause of death in developed countries. The transformation of a normal cell into a malignant derivate requires the acquisition of diverse genomic and proteomic changes, including enzymatic post-translational modifications (PTMs) on key proteins encompassing critical cell signaling events. PTMs occur on proteins after translation, and regulate several aspects of proteins activity, including their localization, activation and turnover. Deregulation of PTMs can potentially lead to tumorigenesis, and several de-regulated PTM pathways contribute to abnormal cell proliferation during breast tumorigenesis. SUMOylation is a PTM that plays a pivotal role in numerous aspects of cell physiology, including cell cycle regulation, protein trafficking and turnover, and DNA damage repair. Consistently with this, the deregulation of the SUMO pathway is observed in different human pathologies, including breast cancer. In this review we will describe the role of SUMOylation in breast tumorigenesis and its implication for breast cancer therapy.We read Cosansu's commentary entitled Effectiveness of the new inflammatory parameters in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria to our study with great interest. The author remarked that a limited number patients had C-reactive Protein levels and it was not specified whether there were any other drugs used by the patients and no information was given about the severity of the disease in our study.Background The use of body mass index (BMI) could lead to over/under estimation of fat mass percentage (FM%). An alternative index (inverted BMI, iBMI) has been proposed as a better estimator of FM% in adults, while its practical feasibility in children and adolescents has not been fully investigated.Aim To examine if iBMI can better estimate FM% than BMI in children/adolescents.Subjects and methods Height, weight, and triceps and subscapularis skinfolds were measured in 6686 schoolchildren aged 11-14-years-old. BMI and iBMI (squared height/weight) were calculated; FM% was estimated by skinfold thicknesses. The Pearson correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination were obtained to test the best regression model between the indexes and FM%.Results FM% was linearly related to both indexes with R2 values that were overall > 0.7. No significant differences among the R2 values were found (p value = .2, ANOVA).Conclusion BMI persists as a robust index for health surveillance screening in children/adolescents, being very intuitive and ready-to-use. Inverted BMI may be more accurate within a cohort of adults who experience only ponderal modifications, directly implicated in the variation of FM. In conclusion, the BMI remains a quick, handy and intuitive predictor of FM%.Introduction Disorders of the brain pose the biggest health challenge of this century with new and highly efficacious medications urgently needed. find more This article discusses the challenges of meeting this increasing demand by neuropsychiatric drug discovery.Areas covered The current psychopharmacological armamentarium relies on targets discovered several decades ago. Moreover, a major part of the current pipeline of potential cognitive enhancers also contains compounds with multiple failed modes of action which had not been properly validated before the clinic. Further, the feasibility limits of preventive pharmacology should also be taken into account. Advancements in neuroimaging and genetic studies have highlighted epigenetic regulation and synaptic plasticity as potential 'hot points' for pharmacological interventions in neuropsychiatric disorders. However, in the meantime new, rapidly evolving technologies have given rise to alternative treatment options such as brain stimulation, cell and gene therapy.Expert opinion Neuropsychiatric drug discovery should turn toward non-neurotransmitter-related targets such as actors of epigenetics and synaptic plasticity to give chance to produce more efficacious treatments and retain its competitiveness against the new high-tech medications like neuroprosthetics, gene, and cell therapy.