Markussenmaurer5582

Child welfare jurisdictions increasingly place foster children with kinship foster parents as a means of meeting their need for stability, family connection, and behavioral and emotional support. However, the lack of financial and educational assistance provided to kin by child welfare authorities often undermines these caregivers' ability to provide effective and lasting care for the children in their homes. This study uses a mixed-methods approach to understand how formal training and licensure processes can aid kinship foster parents in facilitating positive outcomes for children and youth in the foster care system. Specifically, we investigated the barriers experienced by kinship foster parents while trying to access existing licensure-based training and supports, as well as the initial outcomes of a kin-tailored licensure training curriculum alternatingly administered in in-person and virtual delivery formats. Participants reported that incomplete or inaccurate communication about licensing processes, practical difficulties in attending training, irrelevant session content, and stringent licensing requirements acted as barriers to accessing these resources. However, participants in the kin-specific licensure training administered in this study reported high levels of learning related to key parenting competencies and increased awareness of kinship permanency supports, although these outcomes appeared to be less pronounced among those receiving the training in a virtual format. These findings suggest that researchers and policymakers should consider developing, implementing, and evaluating further initiatives to provide accessible and tailored supports to kinship foster parents as a means of improving outcomes for the children in their care.This introduction to the special series summarizes evidence for the genetic and brain bases for dyslexia and cognitive-behavioral indicators (including ones that can be measured even before the onset of reading instruction) that attest to meaningful differences between children with dyslexia and their non-dyslexic peers. Authors review controversies that have surrounded approaches to dyslexia identification and treatment during the last few decades. Finally, they introduce the findings of the articles in the special series and discuss potential implications for dyslexia identification and treatment.

This study outlines a variant of three-dimensional OH planar laser-induced fluorescence and its application in characterising a single bluff body stabilised flame inside a 12 burner annular combustor. In this variant of the method a relatively large volume was scanned slowly in order to calculate the full three-dimensional Flame Surface Density (FSD) distribution. The method used a combination of two scanning directions to overcome bias errors associated with laser sheet positions close to the flame edges. The source of this bias error was confirmed numerically through a complimentary synthetic PLIF study, which was also used to refine the experimental setup. The bias error resulted in a reduction of FSD magnitude, although the method was still capable of capturing the flame structure. This was demonstrated by comparing the reconstructions from the two independent scan directions. Combining the data from both directions overcame the bias, and allowed flame asymmetry due to the confinement to be assessed. The FSD was used to determine the heat release rate of the flame with varying local azimuthal angle for different downstream regions. This highlighted the highly asymmetric structure, produced by the asymmetric confinement.

In this paper, we analyze the interrelation between technological, institutional, and geographical peripheries. By distinguishing between the quality and quantity of access to information and communication technologies, together with institutional and geographical factors, and using a sample of 229 European regions during the period 2007-2018, we find that the diffusion and quality of information and communication technologies foster economic development and decrease the risk of social exclusion. A similar effect is found for institutional and geographical factors, suggesting that the interplay of these three determinants may be crucial to set up place-based policies.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00168-022-01127-9.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00168-022-01127-9.Egocentric sampling of networks selects a subset of nodes ("egos") and collects information from them on themselves and their immediate network neighbours ("alters"), leaving the rest of the nodes in the network unobserved. This design is popular because it is relatively inexpensive to implement and can be integrated into standard sample surveys. Recent methodological developments now make it possible to statistically analyse this type of network data with Exponential-family Random Graph Models (ERGMs). This provides a framework for principled statistical inference, and the fitted models can in turn be used to simulate complete networks of arbitrary size that are consistent with the observed sample data, allowing one to infer the distribution of whole-network properties generated by the observed egocentric network statistics. In this paper, we discuss how design choices for egocentric network studies impact statistical estimation and inference for ERGMs. The design choices include both measurement strategies (for ego and alter attributes, and for ego-alter and alter-alter ties) and sampling strategies (for egos and alters). We discuss the importance of harmonising measurement specifications across egos and alters, and conduct simulation studies to demonstrate the impact of sampling design on statistical inference, specifically stratified sampling and degree censoring.A universal C*-algebra of gauge invariant operators is presented, describing the electromagnetic field as well as operations creating pairs of static electric charges having opposite signs. Making use of Gauss' law, it is shown that the string-localized operators, which necessarily connect the charges, induce outer automorphisms of the algebra of the electromagnetic field. Thus they carry additional degrees of freedom which cannot be created by the field. It reveals the fact that gauge invariant operators encode information about the presence of non-observable gauge fields underlying the theory. Using the Gupta-Bleuler formalism, concrete implementations of the outer automorphisms by exponential functions of the gauge fields are presented. These fields also appear in unitary operators inducing the time translations in the resulting representations of the universal algebra.

This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of partial and full vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (COVISHIELD) to prevent the development of moderate or severe illness among COVID-positive cases.

This prospective cohort study was conducted among Armed Forces personnel deployed in Northern India who were found COVID positive during the study periodbetween January and June 2021. Information about the vaccination status, age andcomorbidities was collected at the time of diagnosis. Classification of COVID cases as moderate or severe was performed as per criteria given by the Government of India.Individuals were considered partially vaccinated three weeks after one dose andfully vaccinated two weeks after the second dose. Risk ratio and vaccine effectiveness (VE) to prevent moderate or severe disease among COVID cases were calculated.

A total of 2005 COVID-19 patients were included in our study. Partial vaccination and full vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 offered 13% (95% credible interval (CI) -56.8%, 52.8%) and 66.6% (95% CI 34.9%, 84.6%) protection against progression to moderate/severe illness among COVID-positive individuals. The risk of moderate-severe disease among COVID-positive cases occurring 4-11 weeks after the first dose was also lesser among those who had taken the second dose of vaccine than individuals who have been vaccinated with only one dose.

Interval between the first and second doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine should be reduced to 4-6 weeks, as partial vaccination offers lower protection against the development of moderate-severe illness after COVID infection.

Interval between the first and second doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine should be reduced to 4-6 weeks, as partial vaccination offers lower protection against the development of moderate-severe illness after COVID infection.

To highlight the clinical presentations and management outcomes of rhino-orbital mucormycosis during first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in North India.

A retrospective observational study. 15 patients with mucormycosis (orbital disease) who presented during short span of 3 months (October-December 2020) in a tertiary-care referral institution were analysed.

At presentation, 13 of 15 patients had uncontrolled diabetes. Four had history of COVID-19 infection. All patients had advanced orbital disease with sinusitis; cavernous sinus involvement was in nine and intracranial spread in three patients. TAK-599 Liposomal amphotericin-B was started and prompt orbital exenteration with sinus surgery was performed in 12 patients. All 12 patients survived with an average follow-up of 4.8 months.

In the present series, cases with orbital spread of mucormycosis were mostly found in non-COVID uncontrolled diabetics. Exenteration was done in 80% of cases with advanced orbital disease. Prevention and early detection of infection at the stage of sino-nasal involvement might help to prevent spread and/or halt the orbital disease.

In the present series, cases with orbital spread of mucormycosis were mostly found in non-COVID uncontrolled diabetics. Exenteration was done in 80% of cases with advanced orbital disease. Prevention and early detection of infection at the stage of sino-nasal involvement might help to prevent spread and/or halt the orbital disease.Morphogenesis is regulated by genetic, biochemical, and biomechanical factors, but the feedback controlling the interactions between these factors remains poorly understood. A previous study has found that compressing the brain tube of the early chick embryo induces changes in contractility and nuclear shape in the neuroepithelial wall. Assuming this response involves mechanical feedback, we use experiments and computational modeling to investigate a hypothetical mechanism behind the observed behavior. First, we measured nuclear circularity in embryonic chick brains subjected to transverse compression. Immediately after loading, the circularity varied regionally and appeared to reflect the local state of stress in the wall. After three hours of culture with sustained compression, however, the nuclei became rounder. Exposure to a gap junction blocker inhibited this response, suggesting that it requires intercellular diffusion of a biochemical signal. We speculate that the signal regulates the contraction that occurs near the lumen, altering stress distributions and nuclear geometry throughout the wall. Simulating compression using a chemomechanical finite-element model based on this idea shows that our hypothesis is consistent with most of the experimental data. This work provides a foundation for future investigations of chemomechanical feedback in epithelia during embryonic development.