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Knowledge about fertility among medical students was in general satisfactory, albeit varying by country and gender. Medical curricula and social policies for childbearing should be respectively updated in EU countries suffering population growth.Prior work has found that Americans' views on evolution are significantly and positively related to their understanding of this theory. However, whether this relationship is cross-culturally robust is unknown. This article extends earlier work by measuring and comparing the acceptance and understanding of evolution among highly educated individuals in China and the United States. We find a significantly higher evolution acceptance level in the Chinese sample than in the US sample, but no significant difference in their average levels of evolution knowledge. Our analysis also shows that accepting evolutionary theory is related to understanding in both the US and the Chinese samples. These results provide evidence for the robustness of the relationship between understanding and acceptance of evolution across different cultural contexts. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to comprehensively test understanding of evolutionary theory within a Chinese sample and to compare these results with the US sample.The present research investigates how the cultural value of collectivism interacts with socioeconomic status (SES) to influence the basis of action. Using a U.S. national sample (N = 2,538), the research examines how these sociocultural factors jointly moderate the strength of two precursors of environmental support beliefs about climate change and perceived descriptive norms. SES and collectivism interacted with climate change beliefs such that beliefs predicted environmental support (i.e., proenvironmental behaviors and policy support) more strongly for those who were high in SES and low in collectivism than for all other groups. This interaction was explained, in part, by sense of control. For descriptive norms, SES and collectivism did not interact but rather norms predicted action most strongly for those high in collectivism and high in SES. These findings demonstrate the theoretical and applied importance of examining multiple sociocultural characteristics together to understand the factors that drive action.Nurses working in infertility clinics need to know effective ways of communicating with infertile women to help them experience their treatment period comfortably. However, they can face various stressors which can reduce the motivation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate communication between nurses in infertility clinics and infertile women from the perspective of both groups. The qualitative study was conducted in an InVitroFertilization clinic, in Turkey with five nurses and seven female patients. Data obtained from semi-structured interviews were thematically analyzed. Three main themes were identified facilitators of communication (verbal and nonverbal facilitator), barriers to communication (related to nurses and women), and requirements for improving communication. Factors such as appropriate tone of voice, smiling, provide eye-to-eye contact are expressed by women and/or nurses as facilitators. The high tone of voice, yelling, etc. for women, stress and the low education level of women for nurses were barriers. The requirements expressed by women were nurses receiving training to improve their communication skills, and not having prejudice, while requirements for nurses were enough time, women being sincere, taking psychological support. This paper may provide nurses recognize facilitators and barriers to effective communication with women and include in their care plans.

People with sickle cell disease (SCD) often face stigmatization in Ghana and elsewhere in Africa. Research is needed to understand whether it is necessary to design an SCD stigma reduction program in the Ghanaian setting. The aim of this study was to explore the perception of stigmatization for adults with SCD in Kumasi, Ghana.

Using in-depth qualitative interviews, researchers conducted a phenomenological study to investigate the perception of stigmatization for people with SCD in Kumasi, Ghana. Snowball and purposive sampling was used to identify the participants.

Participants (

= 12) were mostly female, Akan, and Christian. Vismodegib Researchers categorized three main themes (a) Feelings of social isolation, (b) Fear of disclosure, and (c) Bullying about physical appearance.

The findings highlight the need to develop effective strategies to counteract stigma. Transcultural health care providers can implement stigma reduction interventions that might be applicable throughout Africa where findings are likely to resonate with patients with SCD.

The findings highlight the need to develop effective strategies to counteract stigma. Transcultural health care providers can implement stigma reduction interventions that might be applicable throughout Africa where findings are likely to resonate with patients with SCD.

Social prescribing continues to grow and change across healthcare services in Wales; however, research of the day-to-day performance of social prescribers is limited. This study aimed to explore which roles are perceived to be the most important and frequently used by social prescribers in Wales and compare these results to reports in studies of services in other countries in order to support future role development and potential standardisation.

This study used the Group Concept Mapping via the Concept Systems Global Max™ software to collect and analyse all data from both participants and literature.

There was a total of 101 statements generated (119 participants, 84 literature) ranging from generic interpersonal skills to specialised training (cognitive behavioural therapy). These statements were then sorted by conceptual similarity into seven clusters (Providing a Specialist Service, Working in a person-centred way, Skills, Connecting Clients with Community, Collaborative Working, Evaluating and postd between participants and literature suggesting geographical divergence in practice. In the top 12 highest rated statements for both frequency and importance, individualistic traits such as empathy and 'being a listener' are favoured over specialised methods such as cognitive behavioural therapy and behaviour change taxonomy. Results suggest that local need plays a part in the choices and performance of social prescribers and as such should be considered in future standardisation.