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Reduced sports function is often observed after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). Impaired muscle strength could be reasons for this. FL118 purchase We aimed to investigate hip muscle strength after hip arthroscopy for FAIS and its association with sports function and participation.

Cross-sectional study.

We included 45 patients (34 males; mean age 30.6 ± 5.9 years) after unilateral hip arthroscopy for FAIS (mean follow-up [range] 19.3 [9.8-28.4] months). Maximal isometric hip muscle strength (Nm/kg) including early- (0-100 ms) and late-phase (0-200 ms) rate of torque development (Nm∗kg

∗s

) for adduction, abduction, flexion, and extension was measured with an externally fixated handheld dynamometer and compared between operated and non-operated hip. Associations between muscle strength and self-reported sports function and return to sport were investigated.

For maximal hip muscle strength, no between-hip differences were observed for adduction, abduction, flexion, and extension (p ≥ 0.102). For rate of torque development, significantly lower values were observed for the operated hip in flexion at both 0-100 ms (mean difference 1.58 Nm∗kg

∗s

, 95% CI [0.39; 2.77], p = 0.01) and 0-200 ms (mean difference 0.72 Nm∗kg

∗s

, 95% CI [0.09; 1.35], p = 0.027). Higher maximal hip extension strength was significantly associated with greater ability to participate fully in preinjury sport at preinjury level (odds ratio 17.71 95% CI [1.77; 177.60]).

After hip arthroscopy for FAIS subjects show limited impairments in maximal and explosive hip muscle strength between operated and non-operated hip. Higher muscle strength was positively associated with higher sports function and ability to participate in sport.

After hip arthroscopy for FAIS subjects show limited impairments in maximal and explosive hip muscle strength between operated and non-operated hip. Higher muscle strength was positively associated with higher sports function and ability to participate in sport.

Periprosthetic femur fractures (PFFs) that occur distal to a total hip arthroplasty, Vancouver C fractures, are challenging to treat. We aimed to report patient mortality, reoperations, and complications following Vancouver C PFFs in a contemporary cohort all treated with a laterally based locking plate.

We retrospectively identified 42 consecutive Vancouver C PFFs between 2004 and 2018. There was a high prevalence of comorbidities, including 9 patients with neurologic conditions, 9 with a history of cancer, 8 diabetics, and 8 using chronic anticoagulation. Mean time from total hip arthroplasty to PFF was 6 years (range 1 month to 25 years). All fractures were treated with a laterally based locking plate. Fixation bypassed the femoral component in 98% of cases and extended as proximal as the lesser trochanter in 18%. Kaplan-Meier survival was used for patient mortality, and a competing risk model was used to analyze survivorship free of reoperation and nonunion. Mean follow-up was 2 years.

Patient mortality was 5% at 90 days and 31% at 2 years. Cumulative incidence of reoperation was 13% at 2 years. There were 5 reoperations including revision osteosynthesis for nonunion and/or hardware failure (2), debridement and hardware removal for infection (2), and removal of hardware and total knee arthroplasty for post-traumatic arthritis (1). Cumulative incidence of nonunion was 10% at 2 years.

Patients who sustained a Vancouver C PFFs had a high mortality rate (31%) at 2 years. Moreover, 13% of patients required a reoperation within 2 years, most commonly for infection or nonunion.

Patients who sustained a Vancouver C PFFs had a high mortality rate (31%) at 2 years. Moreover, 13% of patients required a reoperation within 2 years, most commonly for infection or nonunion.

The effectiveness of orthokeratology in retarding anisometropic progression has been investigated in several small-sample studies. This quantitative analysis aimed to elucidate the efficacy of orthokeratology for anisometropia control.

We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for relevant studies through September 2020. Axial length (AL) data at baseline and final follow-up were extracted, and AL elongation and difference were calculated. Methodological quality was evaluated using the risk of bias in non-randomized studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. Meta-analyses were performed using a fixed-effect model based on the heterogeneity.

A total of 10 cohort studies (nine retrospective studies; one prospective study) were included. The pooled results for the unilateral myopia group showed that the mean AL elongation difference between myopic and emmetropic eyes was -0.27mm (95% CI, -0.31 to -0.22; p<0.01) at the one-year follow-up (four studies) and -0.17mm (95% CI, -0.33 to -0.02; p=0.03) at the two-year follow-up (two studies). In the bilateral anisomyopic group, mean AL elongation difference between high and low myopic eyes was -0.06mm (95% CI, -0.09 to -0.04; p<0.01) at the one-year follow-up (seven studies) and -0.13mm (95% CI, -0.21 to -0.06; p<0.01) at the two-year followup (three studies).

This study demonstrated that orthokeratology can effectively retard myopic progression and reduce anisomyopic values. However, additional wellstructured randomized controlled trials or prospective studies with longer follow-up periods are warranted to address this topic in more detail.

This study demonstrated that orthokeratology can effectively retard myopic progression and reduce anisomyopic values. However, additional wellstructured randomized controlled trials or prospective studies with longer follow-up periods are warranted to address this topic in more detail.

The COVID-19 outbreaks associated with mass religious gatherings which have the potential of invoking epidemics at large scale have been a great concern. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of outbreak in mass religious gathering and further to assess the preparedness of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for preventing COVID-19 outbreak in this context.

The risk of COVID-19 outbreak in mass religious gathering was evaluated by using secondary COVID-19 cases and reproductive numbers. The preparedness of a series of NPIs for preventing COVID-19 outbreak in mass religious gathering was then assessed by using a density-dependent model. This approach was first illustrated by the Mazu Pilgrimage in Taiwan and validated by using the COVID-19 outbreak in the Shincheonji Church of Jesus (SCJ) religious gathering in South Korea.

Through the strict implementation of 80% NPIs in the Mazu Pilgrimage, the number of secondary cases can be substantially reduced from 1508 (95% CI 900-2176) to 294 (95% CI 169-420) with the reproductive number (R) significantly below one (0.