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Cerebral edema after large hemispheric infarction is associated with poor functional outcome and mortality. Net water uptake (NWU) quantifies the degree of hypoattenuation on unenhanced-computed tomography (CT) and is increasingly used to measure cerebral edema in stroke research. Hemorrhagic transformation and parenchymal contrast staining after thrombectomy may confound NWU measurements. We investigated the correlation of NWU measured postthrombectomy with volumetric markers of cerebral edema and association with functional outcomes.

In a pooled individual patient level analysis of patients presenting with anterior circulation large hemispheric infarction (core 80-300 mL or Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score ≤5) in the HERMES (Highly Effective Reperfusion Evaluated in Multiple Endovascular Stroke trials) data set, cerebral edema was defined as the volumetric expansion of the ischemic hemisphere expressed as a ratio to the contralateral hemisphere(rHV). NWU and midline-shift were compared with rHV as thout hemorrhagic transformation or treatment with thrombectomy.Face recognition assessments that use images of celebrities require not only face recognition ability but also pop-culture knowledge and successful recall of identifying information. Here, we introduce a task designed to measure face recognition more specifically the Famous Faces Doppelgangers Test (FFDT). Participants (N = 57,407) identified 40 celebrities paired with lookalike doppelgangers, allowing face recognition ability to be assessed without requiring information recall. In addition, participants reported whether they were familiar with each celebrity, allowing poor face recognition ability to be differentiated from low pop-culture knowledge. FFDT performance was reliable (rxx = .80), similar across participants of different racial and ethnic groups, and more highly correlated with memory for faces (r = .50) and self-reported face recognition ability (r = .48) than processing speed ability (r = .10). Thus, the FFDT is a reliable, valid, and specific measure of the ability to identify familiar faces, making it a promising new tool for assessing face recognition ability.

The best surgical approach to correcting large angle esodeviations is still debated. Options for correcting large esodeviations include recessing both medial rectus (BMR) muscles more than 5.5 mm or performing surgery on three or four horizontal rectus muscles. There remains no consensus on which surgery has better survival outcomes. In this research, we are interested in determining the survival rates and long-term outcomes of both surgeries locally in the Philippines.

A total of 74 medical records were retrospectively reviewed. The mean age at onset of deviation was 2  ±  2.9 years old, and the mean age at surgery was 14  ±  12.5 years, with a mean of 12  ±  12.1 years from onset to surgery. The mean follow-up period was 9.9 months (range 6-24) . The mean preoperative deviation at near was 59.3  ±  13.6 PD (range 35-95) while at distance was 58.5  ±  13.6 PD (range 10-95). The most common type of esotropia (ET) was infantile ET (45%), followed by basic ET. Majority of the esodeviations did not have associated vertical strabismus (67.6%, n  =  50). Overall success rate was 48.1% for BMR recessions and 54.5% for 3-4 muscles surgery. Survival analysis revealed the decreasing trends of survival but plateauing of outcomes after 6 months.

We reported the outcomes for both surgeries. Neither had shown superiority over the other. After a mean follow up of 9.9 months, the overall success was relatively good 50% were successful, 39.2% overall recurrence and 13.8% overcorrections. Survival plots showed a plateauing of results after 6 months.

We reported the outcomes for both surgeries. Neither had shown superiority over the other. After a mean follow up of 9.9 months, the overall success was relatively good 50% were successful, 39.2% overall recurrence and 13.8% overcorrections. read more Survival plots showed a plateauing of results after 6 months.

Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution has been linked with daily hospitalization and mortality from acute coronary syndrome (ACS); however, the associations of subdaily (hourly) levels of criteria air pollutants with the onset of ACS and its subtypes have rarely been evaluated.

We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study among 1 292 880 patients with ACS from 2239 hospitals in 318 Chinese cities between January 1, 2015, and September 30, 2020. Hourly concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM

), coarse particulate matter (PM

), nitrogen dioxide (NO

), sulfur dioxide (SO

), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O

) were collected. Hourly onset data of ACS and its subtypes, including ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, and unstable angina, were also obtained. Conditional logistic regressions combined with polynomial distributed lag models were applied.

Acute exposures to PM

, NO

, SO

, and CO were each associated with the onset omay trigger the onset of ACS, even at concentrations below the World Health Organization air quality guidelines.

The results suggest that transient exposure to the air pollutants PM2.5, NO2, SO2, or CO, but not PM2.5-10 or O3, may trigger the onset of ACS, even at concentrations below the World Health Organization air quality guidelines.

Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially when high stage disease is present. There exists a range of options for the management of locoregionally advanced HNC, though doubt remains as to the optimal strategy in the elderly population.

To evaluate the benefits imparted by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) to the elderly population of HNC patients in Ireland.

A retrospective cohort study was conducted using 20 years of cancer registry data provided by the National Cancer Registry of Ireland. Cox multivariate regression analysis was applied to test for the benefits of CCRT in HNC.

Survival analysis showed an overall benefit to the use of CCRT in patients with advanced disease over 70 years, particularly when used for hypopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and laryngeal malignancy. There was a benefit to cancer-specific but not all-cause mortality in those over 75 years, and no benefit was observed to the addition of chemotherapy in those over 80 years; only 8 patients over 80 received CCRT. There was no statistically significant difference in the benefits derived by those over 70 years relative to those under 70 years.

CCRT confers significant survival benefits to appropriately selected elderly HNC patients and should therefore not be withheld solely on the basis of age.

CCRT confers significant survival benefits to appropriately selected elderly HNC patients and should therefore not be withheld solely on the basis of age.

To investigate the results of cochlear implantation in subjects with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VS).

Retrospective case series.

University-based tertiary referral center.

Five subjects with NF2 and severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss.

Cochlear implantation.

Surgical outcomes and audiometric performance after cochlear implantation.

Five subjects (3 female, 2 male) were included in the study. The mean age at the time of implantation was 54 years old (range 35-78 years). Follow-up after cochlear implantation averaged 38 months (range 21-106 months). In the 5 implanted ears, 2 had no prior treatment, 1 had undergone prior radiation therapy, 1 underwent prior microsurgical removal, and 1 underwent prior microsurgical removal with adjuvant radiation therapy. The mean ipsilateral VS dimensions at time of implantation were 14 mm × 7.2 mm × 6.1 mm (mediolateral × anteroposterior × craniocaudal). Following cochlear implant activation, all 5 subjects achieved sound awareness, open set speech recognition, and 4 continue to be daily users of the devices.

Cochlear implantation is a viable hearing rehabilitation option for subjects with NF2 and severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. All subjects reported benefit with their cochlear implant, including open set speech recognition, enhanced lip-reading skills and environmental awareness of sound. Four subjects continued to demonstrate improved open-set speech recognition at the time of their last evaluations.

Cochlear implantation is a viable hearing rehabilitation option for subjects with NF2 and severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss. All subjects reported benefit with their cochlear implant, including open set speech recognition, enhanced lip-reading skills and environmental awareness of sound. Four subjects continued to demonstrate improved open-set speech recognition at the time of their last evaluations.

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is a common procedure performed by spine surgeons with rare complications and high treatment success. Late presentation of retropharyngeal abscess in patients with a history of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is rare but can have devastating consequences. There is a paucity of data to guide medical and surgical management of retropharyngeal abscess in these patients.

We discuss 7 patients who presented to our institution with a late retropharyngeal abscess after having a history of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. A review and description of the current literature regarding treatment and outcomes is described.

Seven patients presented to our institution with a retropharyngeal abscess ranging from 10 months to 7 years after undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. All patients received at least a 6-week course of appropriate intravenous antibiotics. Only one patient had their initial ACDF instrumentation removed at the time of presentationd can be considered for poor surgical candidates.Rapid and accurate diagnosis of infections is fundamental to individual patient care and public health management. Nucleic acid detection methods are critical to this effort, but are limited either in the breadth of pathogens targeted or by the expertise and infrastructure required. We present here a high-throughput system that enables rapid identification of bacterial pathogens, bCARMEN, which utilizes (1) modular CRISPR-Cas13-based nucleic acid detection with enhanced sensitivity and specificity; and (2) a droplet microfluidic system that enables thousands of simultaneous, spatially multiplexed detection reactions at nanoliter volumes; and (3) a novel preamplification strategy that further enhances sensitivity and specificity. We demonstrate bCARMEN is capable of detecting and discriminating 52 clinically relevant bacterial species and several key antibiotic resistance genes. We further develop a simple proof of principle workflow using stabilized reagents and cell phone camera optical readout, opening up the possibility of a rapid point-of-care multiplexed bacterial pathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing.Saliva specimens have drawn interest for diagnosing respiratory viral infections due to their ease of collection and decreased risk to healthcare providers. However, rapid and sensitive immunoassays have not yet been satisfactorily demonstrated for such specimens due to their viscosity and low viral loads. Using paper microfluidic chips and a smartphone-based fluorescence microscope, we developed a highly sensitive, low-cost immunofluorescence particulometric SARS-CoV-2 assay from clinical saline gargle samples. We demonstrated the limit of detection of 10 ag/μL. With easy-to-collect saline gargle samples, our clinical sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 100%, 86%, and 93%, respectively, for n = 27 human subjects with n = 13 RT-qPCR positives.