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Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), though believed to be high among patients with tuberculosis (TB), remains unclear for the want of systematic studies and unequivocal methods of diagnosing DM. This study was done to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and DM in adult patients with TB.

This prospective study of one year's duration, carried out at a tertiary care centre included 313 consecutive adult patients diagnosed (either microbiologically, histologically or based on clinical presentation) with pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB. Those without a history of pre-existing DM were subjected to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 75 g glucose.

In this cohort 85 (27%) patients had pre-existing DM. The remaining 228 patients not diagnosed earlier with DM underwent a 75 g OGTT, of which 63 (28%) were found to have newly detected prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose [IFG] and impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] alone in 36 and 10 patients respectively and both IFG and IGT in a further 17) and DM was diagnosed in 9 (4%) patients (fasting blood glucose [FBG] ˜ 126 mg/dl in 1 and both FBG ˜ 126 mg/dl and 2-h plasma blood glucose [PLBG] ˜ 200 mg/dl in 8 patients). The total prevalence of (newly diagnosed) DM and prediabetes, therefore, was 32% (72 patients); the overall prevalence of DM was 30% (94 patients).

This study found high prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among patients with TB. This underscores the need for a bidirectional screening strategy to improve diagnosis and outcome of both TB and DM.

This study found high prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among patients with TB. This underscores the need for a bidirectional screening strategy to improve diagnosis and outcome of both TB and DM.

The aim of this study was to explore variations in cost and choice of travel insurance in patients with cardiac disease.

Clinical data from patients with myocardial infarction (MI, n = 20), Marfan syndrome (MFS, n = 10) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, n = 10) were input to insurance websites for a proposed ten-day holiday and data for premium cost (£) and choice of quotes (n) collated for each condition. Age-matched healthy individuals were used as controls.

Median cost of insurance was significantly higher for MI (£233.07; interquartile range (IQR) = £222.95-£245.47 versus £24.29; IQR = £11.9-£34.09, p = < 0.001), MFS (£37.43; IQR = £23.61-58.83 versus £19.20; IQR = £9.09-£27.31, p = 0.0378)) and DCM (£166.87; IQR = £129.71-£198.62 versus £23.96; IQR = £11.99-£32.44, p = <0.001) compared to controls. Choice of quotes was also significantly reduced for MI (5; IQR = 5-14 versus 89; IQR = 26-110, p = <0.001) MFS (61; IQR = 26-83 versus 105; 26-105, p = <0.001) and DCM (19; IQR = 16-28 versus 89; IQR = 26-106, p = <0.001) compared to controls. Modifiable factors, such as time after cardiac event or awaiting further investigations, and clinical factors, such as persistent symptoms and disease severity, lead to a significant increase in cost.

This study provides insight into the factors affecting cost and choice of travel insurance for patients with cardiac disease. The findings highlight ways in which healthcare professionals can support patients to obtain travel insurance.

This study provides insight into the factors affecting cost and choice of travel insurance for patients with cardiac disease. The findings highlight ways in which healthcare professionals can support patients to obtain travel insurance.

The objective of the study was to assess T-cell subsets in sarcoidosis patients with or without articular involvement.

Treatment-naïve patients were divided into Group A (articular) and Group B (non-articular) based on joint involvement. Flow cytometric analysis of T-cell subsets and pro-in˜flammatory cytokines were carried out in the peripheral blood.

Patients in group A (n = 29, mean age 40 ± 10.1 years) were compared with group B (n = 18, 43 ± 12.2 years). T-cell subsets the CD4/CD8 ratio was abnormal in two groups but had no significant difference (p = 0.63). Ratios of Th1/Treg, Th2/Treg and Th17/Treg were significantly increased in group A as compared to group B [p < 0.001] indicating polarisation of T-cell subsets. CD8 T-cells in group A had higher granzyme B expression (p = 0.03). B cells were increased in group A [p = 0.04]. Ratio of IFN-γ /IL10, IL-4/IL10, IL-17/IL10 in sera as well as culture supernatant were significantly higher in group A as compared to group B.

[This corrects the article DOI 10.1155/2020/9250512.].

Although effective return-to-work (RTW) interventions are not widely available for individuals with common mental disorders on sick leave, there is potential for transforming such interventions into a digital solution in an effort to make them more widely available. However, little is currently known about the viewpoints of different stakeholder groups, which are critical for successful development and implementation of a digital RTW intervention in health care services.

The aim of this study was to examine stakeholder groups' perspectives on the role and legitimacy of a digital RTW solution called mWorks for individuals with common mental disorders who are on sick leave.

A purposeful snowball sampling method was utilized to recruit respondents. Semistructured individual and focus group interviews were conducted for stakeholder groups of service users, RTW professionals, and influential managers regarding their experiences, needs, and preferences for mWorks. Content analysis generated themes and categorformative research emphasizes the importance of shifting power from RTW professionals to service users. selleck compound mWorks can play a role in mediating service user control over the RTW process, and thereby increase their empowerment. A digital RTW solution may facilitate the circumvention of implementation barriers associated with introducing evidence-based RTW interventions in a traditional RTW context.

This formative research emphasizes the importance of shifting power from RTW professionals to service users. mWorks can play a role in mediating service user control over the RTW process, and thereby increase their empowerment. A digital RTW solution may facilitate the circumvention of implementation barriers associated with introducing evidence-based RTW interventions in a traditional RTW context.