Lundsgaardhoumann3102
the practice of management to prevent and control SCM. However, the finding also suggested that hygienic management practices performed by farmers need to be improved to reduce SCM incidents.
Diagnosis of fascioliasis depends on clinical symptoms and routine laboratory tests. Recently, antibodies and circulating antigens of Fasciola were used for detecting active infections. Therefore, this study aimed to identify Fasciola gigantica antigens in the sera of infected cattle using Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for an accurate diagnosis of cattle infected with F. gigantica.
Serum samples were obtained from 108, 23, and 19 cattle infected with Fasciola gigantica, Paramphistomum cervi, and Strongylids, respectively, including 57 non-infected cattle that were used as healthy cattle for the study. Western blotting and ELISA were then used to detect circulating Fasciola antigens at 27 kDa.
The target epitope was detected in an F. gigantica adult-worm antigen preparation, excretory/secretory products, and serum from cattle infected with F. gigantica. However, it was absent in sera from P. cervi, Strongylids, and healthy cattle. The purified 27 kDa F. gigantica (FPA-27) antigen was also detected in cattle serum using ELISA with high degrees of sensitivity and specificity (94% and 82%, respectively), and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.89 with a highly significant correlation of p<0.0001.
The FPA-27 is proposed to be a promising candidate for the serodiagnosis of fascioliasis in cattle.
The FPA-27 is proposed to be a promising candidate for the serodiagnosis of fascioliasis in cattle.
Parasitic infections are one of the major problems to the production of cattle in Thailand. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites of cattle in Kalasin Province, Thailand.
A total of 333 fecal samples of cattle were collected directly from the rectum. The fecal samples were subjected to formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for examination. The eggs or oocysts were identified based on the morphology and size of the eggs or oocysts.
Out of 333 fecal samples examined, 320 were found positive for GI parasitic infections with a prevalence of 96.09%. Overall, among the prevalence of nematodes, trematodes, and protozoa, the most prevalent parasites were Strongyle-type 278 (84.24%), followed by
spp. 54 (16.36%) and
spp. 75 (22.73%), while Protozoan oocyst recorded
spp. amounted to 131 (39.7%).
spp. and
spp. were 67 (20.30%) and 81 (24.55%), respectively. Most of the positive fecal samples were infected with the double infection which has the highest prevalence rate of about 40.24%, followed by single, three, and 4-5 types of parasites 30.63, 16.82, and 7.21%, respectively.
This study suggests that Kalasin Province is highly endemic for GI parasites and this area may be an important source for an outbreak. Therefore, every household should deworm its cattle and eliminate and control snails as intermediate hosts. Findings from this study provide information that will assist in improving the cattle in Kalasin Province for better production and higher profitability.
This study suggests that Kalasin Province is highly endemic for GI parasites and this area may be an important source for an outbreak. Therefore, every household should deworm its cattle and eliminate and control snails as intermediate hosts. Findings from this study provide information that will assist in improving the cattle in Kalasin Province for better production and higher profitability.
A wound is a common problem for humans and animals. The wound becomes more severe if it is infected by bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant
(MRSA). The wound healing mechanism involves various factors, either in the local tissue or the bloodstream. However, the presentation of infected wound healing regarding its impacts on the dynamic change of blood profile is not clearly understood. This study aimed to explore the impacts of wound creation on the blood profile in rat models with and without being artificially infected by MRSA.
Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 months old; weight, 300 g) were used as the model. They were divided into three groups Without wound creation (C), wounded without infection (CW), and wounded and artificially infected by MRSA (CWI). Groups CW and CWI were shaved and induced with 4 mm two-round full-thickness biopsy on the back. Furthermore, group CWI was artificially infected by 105 colony-forming units of MRSA. The blood samples were collected through the tail vein from days 1 to 5. The blood parameters included blood profile, total plasma protein, C-reactive protein, CD4
, CD8
, CD4
/CD8
, and COX-2. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 16 (SPSS, IBM, Armonk, NY, USA).
The result showed that the presentation of a wound with and without MRSA infection significantly changed the total erythrocytes, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, total plasma protein, C-reactive protein, and the subset of circulatory CD4
, CD8
, and COX-2 (p≤0.05). In addition, the wound infected with MRSA impacts the mean corpuscular volume (p≤0.05).
Moreover, the presentation of the wound with and without MRSA infection induces dynamic changes on various blood profile parameters.
Moreover, the presentation of the wound with and without MRSA infection induces dynamic changes on various blood profile parameters.
Kacang buck sperm is cryosensitive due to the seminal plasma of semen itself. Meanwhile, bull seminal plasma contains the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) complex, which is cryoprotective. The addition of the crude protein of Simmental bull seminal plasma increased the quality of post-thawed semen of Kacang buck. The study was conducted to determine the effects of Simmental bull seminal plasma with IGF-1 on the fertility of post-thawed Kacang buck semen.
Buck semen was diluted in the following skim milk-egg yolk extender preparations Without the addition of Simmental bull seminal plasma IGF-1 complex protein (T0); with the addition of 12-μg Simmental bull seminal plasma IGF-1 complex protein (T1); and with the addition of 24-μg Simmental bull seminal plasma IGF-1 complex protein (T2). The extended semen was packed in 0.25-mL straws and frozen. Post-thawed semen fertility was evaluated based on the following variables Sperm motility, viability, intact plasma membrane (IPM), malondialdehyde (MDA) levelsacang buck semen, and sperm motility was the principal component of semen fertility.
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens has been increasingly reported, which has resulted in a decreasing ability to treat bacterial infections. Therefore, this study investigated the presence of
spp., including its antibiotic resistance in various fish samples,
spp.,
, and
, obtained from Kelantan and Terengganu, Malaysia.
In this study, 221 fish samples, of which 108 (
spp., n=38;
, n=35; and
, n=35) were from Kelantan and 113 (
spp., n=38;
, n=35; and
, n=40) were from Terengganu, were caught using cast nets. Then, samples from their kidneys were cultured on a Rimler Shott agar to isolate
spp. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm this isolation using specific gene primers for species identification. Subsequently, the isolates were tested for their sensitivity to 14 antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer method, after which the PCR was conducted again to detect resistance genes
,
-
,
,
,
,
-
, and
.
From the results, 61 isolatr cultivation stages. Results also revealed that the
gene was detected in 19.7% of the
isolates, whereas the tetracycline resistance genes,
and
, were detected in 27.9% and 4.9% of the isolates, respectively. However, β-lactam resistance genes,
and
, were found in 44.3% and 13.1% of
isolates, respectively, whereas
and
genes were found in 3.3% and 13.1% of the isolates, respectively.
This study, therefore, calls for continuous surveillance of antibiotic-resistant
spp. in cultured freshwater fish to aid disease management and better understand their implications to public health.
This study, therefore, calls for continuous surveillance of antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas spp. in cultured freshwater fish to aid disease management and better understand their implications to public health.
A healthy joint is an important structure for the proper movement of the camel limb. Intra-articular (IA) injection is frequently used in veterinary practice for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes of joint injuries. Thus, the current study aimed to describe the injection of the hindlimb joints in dromedary camels based on the anatomical and arthrographic-guided landmarks.
Eighteen orthopedically sound adult camels (mean±standard deviation age 78±12 months) of both sexes were included in this study. Three camels were euthanized to identify anatomical features in the hindlimb joints and related structures. IA injections were performed in the hindlimbs of 5 camel cadavers to evaluate the optimal IA injection site, which was confirmed by arthrography. The optimized IA injection technique was applied in 10 live camels and confirmed by arthrocentesis and arthrography. For each joint, injection criteria (number of attempts, difficulty of injection, and successful injection) were assessed, scored, and statistically compared to the other joints.
The summation of IA injection criteria scores was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the femorotibial, femoropatellar, tibiotarsal, fetlock, pastern, and coffin joints in comparison to the hip joint.
Anatomical and arthrographic-guided techniques offer considerable advantages for the characterization of anatomical landmarks and selection of the appropriate IA injection site in the hindlimb in dromedary camels. Furthermore, a reference approach for camels was established that is different from the approach for cattle and horses.
Anatomical and arthrographic-guided techniques offer considerable advantages for the characterization of anatomical landmarks and selection of the appropriate IA injection site in the hindlimb in dromedary camels. Furthermore, a reference approach for camels was established that is different from the approach for cattle and horses.
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin from the fungus Fusarium. Entinostat ZEA can adopt a similar configuration to 17b-estradiol and other natural estrogens. Problems in the reproductive function of humans and animals have been reported for ZEA and its metabolites. This study aimed to determine ZEA in raw milk produced in representative milk production areas in Ecuador.
A total of 209 samples were obtained in April and November 2019 (rainy season) and June and August 201ue wa9 (dry season). A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniqs used to detect ZEA concentrations.
ZEA was determined in 99.5% (208 of 209) of the samples; however, all samples were below the maximum limits allowed (0.03-1 mg/L) in food for direct human consumption according to the Food and Agriculture Organization and European legislations. The mean (range) concentration was 0.0015 (0-0.0102) mg/L. The results did not vary significantly (p≥0.05) by cantons, provinces, weather, climate regions, types of producers, and production systems according to Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests.
