Lundqvistmccaffrey7594

To explore patients' long-term experiences with drinking alcohol after Roux-n-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) for conceptualizing what may indicate problematic drinking behavior after bariatric surgery.

Three-center, observational study.

546 adult patients undergoing RYGB in the period 2003-2009 in Norway.

Self-reported data on drinking behavior and experiences related to alcohol collected 10-15 years after surgery.

Out of the 959 patients undergoing RYGB in the period, 29 were diseased and 546 participated in this follow-up study (58.7%). Focusing on suspicious changes in drinking behavior, 8.8% reported drinking more, 11.5% consumed alcohol at least twice a week, and 10.6% consumed at a minimum of 6 units of alcohol at a frequency of at least once monthly. The nature of hangovers had changed for about a third of the patients, with 21.6% reporting these to feel weaker or absent. Repeated alcoholic blackouts were reported by 11.9%. A subgroup of the patients were categorized as displaying presumed problematly specific to capture several risk behaviors occurring after bariatric surgery.

A subset of patients display drinking behaviors that may be consistent with postsurgical alcohol problems. Screening instruments like AUDIT may not be sufficiently specific to capture several risk behaviors occurring after bariatric surgery.Klebsiella pneumoniae causes various human infections. Ferric enterobactin protein (FepA) is a conserved protein of K. pneumoniae with high immunogenicity. In the present study, using comprehensive in silico approaches the T and B cell-specific epitopes of K. pneumoniae FepA were identified. The T (both class I and class II) and B (both linear and conformational) epitopes of FepA were predicted using prediction tools. The predicted epitopes were screened for human similarity, immunogenicity, antigenicity, allergenicity, toxicity, conservancy, structural and physicochemical suitability, and in case of T epitopes binding to HLA alleles, using numerous immune-informatics, homology modeling, and molecular docking approaches. These analyses led to introduce the most dominant FepA epitopes that are appropriate for vaccine development. Furthermore, we introduced an antigenic peptide containing both T and B epitopes which comprises suitable structural and physiochemical properties needed for vaccine development and it is conserved in many bacteria. Altogether, here the highly immunogenic T and B epitopes of FepA as well as a final epitopic peptide containing both T and B epitopes were found and introduced for future vaccine development studies. It is suggested that the actual efficiency and efficacy of our final epitopic peptide be investigated by in vitro/in vivo testing.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10989-021-10247-3.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10989-021-10247-3.Subsidized childcare is a key instrument to support maternal employment in most OECD countries. Using a major reform implemented in Luxembourg in 2009, I study the effects of expanding access to subsidized childcare on the employment decisions of women in a context where childcare is universal and heavily subsidized, but is limited by capacity constraints. The identification strategy relies on temporal variation across age groups of children. In response to the reform, the employment rate of mothers increased by 3 percentage points, and their working time grew by 1 h per week. This effect hides the difference between children's ages, as mothers of the youngest children are found to be more responsive to the reform than mothers of children in primary education. Studying heterogeneous effects reveals a differential impact of the reform with regard to prior employment status.The COVID-19 outbreak, which emerged in China and continues to spread rapidly all over the world, has brought with it increasing numbers of cases and deaths. Governments have suffered serious damage and losses not only in the field of health but also in many other fields. This has directed governments to adopt and implement various strategies in their communities. However, only a few countries succeed partially from the strategies implemented while other countries have failed. In this context, it is necessary to identify the most important strategy that should be implemented by governments. A decision problem based on the decisions of many experts, with some contradictory and multiple criteria, should be taken into account in order to evaluate the multiple strategies implemented by various governments. In this study, this decision process is considered as a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem that also takes into account uncertainty. For this purpose, q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs) are used to allow decision-makers to their assessments in a wider space and to better deal with ambiguous information. Accordingly, two different Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) approaches are recommended under the q-ROFS environment and applied to determine the most appropriate strategy. The results of the proposed approaches determine the A1 - Mandatory quarantine and strict isolation strategy as the best strategy. Comparisons with other q-rung orthopair fuzzy MCDM methods and intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS method are also presented for the validation of the proposed methods. Besides, sensitivity analyses are conducted to check the robustness of the proposed approaches and to observe the effect of the change in the q parameter.Citizen Science plays a vital role in monitoring biodiversity. However, it has been challenging for scientists to interact with citizens involved in biodiversity monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic. In such circumstances, digital technology can serve as a tool for biodiversity monitoring through the cooperation between citizens and scientists. Trained volunteers can share ecological data, photographs, and videos of the species, and disturbances within ecosystems, due to anthropological activities through various digital platforms, such as Email, WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, and mobile apps designed for this purpose. The Wildlife Institute of India has taken the initiative by launching an android app "Ganga Data Collector" and Facebook pages "Glimpses of Ganga" and "Ganga Rejuvenation" as part of the "Biodiversity Conservation and Ganga Rejuvenation" project with an objective to monitor the biodiversity of the Ganga River involving the local community known as "Guardians of the Ganga" or "Ganga Prahari." These trained volunteers can share photos and videos of recorded species, their mortality and rescue operations along with water quality data and prohibited activities like illegal fishing and habitat degradation due to pollution and mining. Professionals around the world employed in freshwater biodiversity monitoring could follow the same strategy to overcome the present COVID-19 pandemic crisis and prepare to monitor biodiversity during future lock-downs.The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of coding activities on children's mathematical reasoning skills. In the study, the pre-test - post-test control group quasi-experimental design was used. The participants of the study consisted of 29 children (17 in experiment group and 12 in control group) aged between 57 - 68 months attending a public kindergarten in Adana, Turkey. Coding Education Program prepared by the researchers was administered to the children in the experiment group while the children in the control group received the regular program. Evaluation Instrument for the Early Mathematical Reasoning Skills was administered to children both in the experimental and control group as pre-test and post-test. Data was collected by individual interviews conducted with the children. Results of the study showed that there is no significant difference between experimental and control group in the pre-test, whereas a significant difference in favor of the experimental group was observed in the post-test. Therefore, it was determined that the coding activities have a significant effect on mathematical reasoning skills of children.This study was an examination of the immediate effects of remote learning during the COVID-19 shutdown in New Jersey during Spring 2020. This mixed methods study relied on survey data capturing the experiences, difficulties, and successes of 708 New Jersey public school educators during the first few weeks of the school closures. These educators were teachers, administrators, school librarians, and other school personnel. The disruptions of COVID-19 will leave indelible changes on education in New Jersey and beyond, and this research examines the beginning of these changes. The findings indicate that while educators found support from their administration, they also encountered a spectrum of difficulties relating to the absence of face-to-face contact with students, in addition to success in coping with the situation as well as some success that surpassed their experiences of schooling before the shutdown.Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Higher Education Institutions (HEI) replaced regular face-to-face teaching with online teaching and learning. However, the shift caused several academic and social concerns for students, such as lack of academic support, lack of adequate resources to support online teaching, lack of socialization, stress, anxiety, and lack of motivation in attending classes. This research evaluates the impact of HEIs support, faculty support, and resources available on the academic and social concerns of students in HEIs during the pandemic. 11,114 students across the HEIs in Sultanate of Oman participated in an online national survey. Regression and factor analysis were used to verify the research model developed based on the literature review. Results showed that HEI support and faculty support significantly affect university students' academic and social concerns. Furthermore, resource availability was found to affect the academic concerns of students but not their social concerns. This research recommends strategies for HEIs and faculty to promote faculty-student interaction using both synchronous and asynchronous modes to reduce student concerns and motivate them to engage in online classes.Exogenous shocks such as pandemics have a profound influence on how citizens think about their country. We explore how the successful handling of COVID-19 shaped South Korean citizens' perception of their country. Empirically, we compare data from surveys conducted in August 2019 and April 2020. Using regression on matched samples, we find a significant increase in general national pride. check details More importantly, we find an increase in positive assessments of their country in domains directly related to the COVID-19 response (civic awareness and international leadership) but not in domains less directly related to the pandemic. We also find that while Koreans take pride in their collective response to the crisis, their disenchantment with the political class has grown. The implication is that citizens offer a remarkably nuanced understanding of how the COVID-19 response reflected the strengths of the Korean society, as opposed to the Korean political system.