Lundgaardboone9936
The adenosine pathway is one of the ways through which methotrexate (MTX) ameliorates inflammation. We therefore explored an association of polymorphism of genes involved in adenosine and MTX metabolic pathways with response to MTX.
Association of polymorphism in 7 genes (rs2236225 [MTHFD1 1958G>A], rs17602729 [AMPD1 G>A], rs1127354 [ITPA C>A], rs1431131 [TGFBR2 A>T], rs2372536 [ATIC C>G], rs11188513 [ENTPD1 C>T] and rs5751876 [ADORA2A T>C]) with efficacy of MTX was studied in Indian rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The patients, classified by European League Against Rheumatology (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2010 criteria, were DMARD (disease-modifying antirheumatic drug)-naïve, with Disease Activity Score (DAS28) >3.2. After 4months of MTX monotherapy, patients were classified as responders (R) or non-responders (NR) based on EULAR response criteria. Genotyping was done by TaqMan 5' nuclease assay and association of gene polymorphisms with response to MTX was determined by Chi-squared test.
Two hundred and twenty-six patients (86% female, median age 40 [interquartile range, IQR=17.25] years), with disease duration of 24 (IQR=38.25) months and DAS28-C-reactive protein score of 4.61 (IQR=1.34) were enrolled. After therapy, 186 patients were classified as R and 40 as NR. GG genotype of ATIC (P=.01, odds ratio [OR] 2.56, 95% CI, 1.04-6.30) and CC genotype of ITPA (P=.009, OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02-1.76) genes were found to be associated with the response. On binary logistic regression analysis, GG genotype of ATIC and CC of ITPA genes were independent predictors of the response.
Polymorphisms of ATIC and ITPA genes alone or with clinical variables were associated with response to MTX therapy in Indian RA patients.
Polymorphisms of ATIC and ITPA genes alone or with clinical variables were associated with response to MTX therapy in Indian RA patients.Literature concerning negative impacts of domestic violence (DV) against women on their children's health is growing; however, little is known about the long-term effect of maternal exposure to DV before and/or during pregnancy on their children's growth. Using data from the MINIMat cohort, we have evaluated the association between maternal lifetime experience of DV, measured in late pregnancy, with their children's linear growth at 15 years (n = 2240) in rural Bangladesh. A modified version of conflict tactic scale was used to record the maternal experience of physical, sexual, emotional DV and controlling behaviour. Children's height was measured by trained nurses during their clinical visits at 15-year follow-up. Compared to the women with no experience of DV, children of women with experience of any physical, sexual or emotional DV before and/or during pregnancy had the significantly lower height for age Z-scores (HAZs) at the age of 15. No significant association between maternal experience of controlling behaviour and their children's linear growth was observed in terms of HAZ. Results from this study suggest that maternal experience of DV before and/or during pregnancy might be associated with impaired long-term linear growth within their children.
We compared 5-year outcomes of transcatheter pulmonary valve (TPV) replacement with the Melody TPV in the post-approval study (PAS) and the investigational device exemption (IDE) trial.
As a condition of approval of the Melody TPV after the IDE trial, the Food and Drug Administration required that a PAS be conducted to evaluate outcomes of TPV replacement in a "real-world" environment. The 5-year outcomes of the PAS have not been published, and the IDE and PAS trials have not been compared.
The cohorts comprised all patients catheterized and implanted at 5 IDE sites and 10 PAS sites. Differences in trial protocols were detailed. Time-related outcomes and valve-related adverse events were compared between the two trials with Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank testing.
167 patients (median age, 19 years) were catheterized and 150 underwent TPV replacement in the IDE trial; 121 were catheterized (median age, 17 years) and 100 implanted in the PAS. Freedom from hemodynamic dysfunction (p = .61) or any reint providers. There were few significant complications and limited power to identify important differences in AEs. The lack of major differences in outcomes between the two studies questions the usefulness of mandated costly post-approval studies as part of the regulatory process for Class III medical devices.
Dental photographs are a valid means for documentation of dental luxation injuries. The aim of the study was to evaluate the utility of two photographs from different perspectives in the assessment of dental luxation injuries compared to one perspective only.
Photographs of simulated dental luxation injuries were shown to experts in dental traumatology and other dentists who had to estimate the displacement in the vertical and horizontal dimensions. The overall error of estimation as a result of both vertical displacement and horizontal displacement was calculated and statistically analyzed.
The mean overall error of estimation was 0.43mm and 0.75mm for experts and dentists, respectively. If two (frontal and occlusal) perspectives were available, the overall error was lower than when only one perspective was available (p<.001). Experts had a lower overall error compared to dentists (p<.015).
Two photographs from two perspectives allowed better interpretation of dental luxation injuries.
Two photographs from two perspectives allowed better interpretation of dental luxation injuries.Destruction of β-cells in pancreas causes deficiency in insulin production that leads to diabetes in the human body. To cope with this problem, insulin is either taken orally during the day or injected into the patient's body using artificial pancreas (AP) during sleeping hours. buy SRT1720 Some mathematical models indicate that AP uses control algorithms to regulate blood glucose concentration (BGC). The extended Bergman minimal model (EBMM) incorporates, as a state variable, the disturbance in insulin level during medication due to either meal intake or burning sugar by engaging in physical exercise. In this research work, EBMM and proposed finite time robust controllers are used, including the sliding mode controller (SMC), backstepping SMC (BSMC) and supertwisting SMC (second-order SMC or SOSMC) for automatic stabilisation of BGC in type 1 diabetic patients. The proposed SOSMC diminishes the chattering phenomenon which appears in the conventional SMC. The proposed BSMC is a recursive technique which becomes robust by the addition of the SMC.
