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01) reduction in S. aureus (0.18 ± 0.25 from 4.57 ± 0.33) and Streptococcus (0.11 ± 0.14 from 3.88 ± 0.29), as well as a significant (p less then .05) reduction in E. coli (0.55 ± 0.42 from 3.11 ± 0.14). Mixed infections (83%) were predominant before treatment, in contrast to single infections (61%) after treatment. Large-scale trials were conducted to verify the clinical efficacy of lysostaphin on sow endometritis. The average cure rate of 400u lysostaphin on sow endometritis(82.5%) was higher than the antibiotic group(72.17%). In addition, our results revealed that intravaginal administration of lysostaphin had no adverse effect on the reproductive performance of sows. Thus, this lysostaphin has potential application value as a new method alternative to antibiotics to treat endometritis in sows.

The aim of the present study based on the PriCoTTF-phase I/II trial is the quantification of skin-normal tissue complication probabilities of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme treated with Tumor Treating Field (TTField) electrodes, concurrent radiotherapy, and temozolomide. Furthermore, the skin-sparing effect by the clinically applied strategy of repetitive transducer array fixation around their center position shall be examined.

Low-dose cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of all fractions of the first seven patients of the PriCoTTF-phase I/II trial, used for image guidance, were applied for the dosimetric analysis, for precise TTField transducer array positioning and contour delineation. Within this trial, array positioning was varied from fixation-to-fixation period with a standard deviation of 1.1cm in the direction of the largest variation of positioning and 0.7cm in the perpendicular direction. Physical TTField electrode composition was examined and a respective Hounsfielioning increased skin-NTCP by a factor of only 3.54 (95%, CI 2.36-5.32) (P<0.0001, comparison to irradiation without electrodes; P=0.036, comparison to irradiation with fixed electrodes). NTCP showed a significant rank correlation with D25cm

over all patients and scenarios (r

=0.76; P<0.0001).

Skin-NTCP calculation uncovers significant interpatient heterogeneity and may be used to stratify patients into high- and low-risk groups of skin toxicity. Array position variation may mitigate about one-third of the increase in surface dose and skin-NTCP by the TTField electrodes.

Skin-NTCP calculation uncovers significant interpatient heterogeneity and may be used to stratify patients into high- and low-risk groups of skin toxicity. Array position variation may mitigate about one-third of the increase in surface dose and skin-NTCP by the TTField electrodes.

This study aimed to review the literature on patient classification tools (PCTs) for assessing nursing strength and to compare South Korean and international tools.

Integrative literature review.

We searched the relevant literature published from 2000-2017 in PubMed and two electronic databases in Korea in March 2017. Twenty-five published studies were reviewed.

In most Korean studies, patients were classified by PCT, which were tested to ensure validity and reliability, followed by measurement of nursing time and development of the conversion index. In international studies, PCTs used were simpler than those in Korean studies; the results of estimation for optimum nurse staffing were reported. Most studies insufficiently reflected indirect nursing needs and patients' non-clinical factors. The current PCTs used in Korean studies inadequately reflect the reality of nursing field. Therefore, development of new PCTs reflecting nursing intensity based on direct and indirect nursing activities is necessary.

In most Korean studies, patients were classified by PCT, which were tested to ensure validity and reliability, followed by measurement of nursing time and development of the conversion index. In international studies, PCTs used were simpler than those in Korean studies; the results of estimation for optimum nurse staffing were reported. Most studies insufficiently reflected indirect nursing needs and patients' non-clinical factors. The current PCTs used in Korean studies inadequately reflect the reality of nursing field. Therefore, development of new PCTs reflecting nursing intensity based on direct and indirect nursing activities is necessary.Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia cruzi are the main sandflies species involved in the transmission of Leishmania infantum protozoan in Brazil. The morphological characteristics can be used for species identification of males specimens, while females are indistinguishable. Although, sandflies identification is essential to understand vectorial capacity, and susceptibility to infectious agents or insecticides, there is a lack of new strategies for specimen identification. In this study, Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis identified intraspecific differences between Lutzomyia populations. Successfully group clustering was achieved by principal component analysis. The main differences observed can be related to the protein content of the specimens. A classification with 100% accuracy was obtained using machine learning approach, allowing the identification of sandflies specimens.

The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway plays a pivotal role in inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a key step in cancer invasion and metastasis. However, the regulatory mechanism of TGF-β in inducing EMT in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been fully elucidated. In previous studies, it was found that S100A8 may regulate EMT. This study aimed to clarify the role of S100A8 in TGF-β-induced EMT and explore the underlying mechanism in CRC.

S100A8 and upstream transcription factor 2 (USF2) expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 412 CRC tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. In vitro, Western blot, and migration and invasion assays were performed to investigate the effects of S100A8 and USF2 on TGF-β-induced EMT. Mouse metastasis models were used to determine in vivo metastasis ability. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay were used to explore the role of USF2 on S100A8 transcription.

During TGF-β-induced EMT in CRC cells, S100tracellular S100A8 feedback loop.

To examine whether real-world clinical patients with macular oedema (MO) receiving intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy have a higher mortality compared with a matched reference population.

A population-based, retrospective cohort study of 26 386 patients from Finland, from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2017. Index patients were identified through the Caring Epidemiology Project database, receiving at least one intravitreal anti-VEGF injection for wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD, n=2243, 48.61%), diabetic MO (n=744, 16.12%), MO due to retinal vascular occlusion (n=589, 12.77%), or other MO (n=1038, 22.5%). For each individual treated with intravitreal injection (n=4614), five age- , sex- , calendar year- and hospital district- matched control individuals (n=21 772) were chosen. Baseline data of chronic conditions were available. All-cause and cause-specific mortality was analysed using Cox´s proportional hazards model.

In general, the anti-VEGF treated patients had a higher prevalence of systemic conditions, including diabetes (60.1% vs. 46.8%, p<0.001), chronic hypertension (38.4% vs. 34.6%, p<0.001), in hospital-treated ischaemic heart disease (23.1% vs. 21.5%, p=0.014), and glaucoma (11.1% vs. 6.3%, p<0.001) than controls. There was no difference in all-cause mortality between the anti-VEGF treated patients and matched controls (p=0.62). In unadjusted Kaplan-Meier analysis of wet AMD subgroup, all-cause mortality was lower in anti-VEGF treated patients than matched controls (p=0.015), but adjusted Cox´s proportional hazards model showed no difference in the risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.66-1.09).

Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy was not associated with an increase in the risk of mortality in patients with MO compared with age- and sex-matched controls.

Intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy was not associated with an increase in the risk of mortality in patients with MO compared with age- and sex-matched controls.

This study aimed to find critical proteins involved in the development of intracranial aneurysm by comparing proteomes of rabbit aneurysm model and human aneurysms.

Five human intracranial aneurysm samples and 5 superficial temporal artery samples, and 4 rabbit aneurysm samples and 4 control samples were collected for protein mass spectrometry. Four human intracranial aneurysm samples and 4 superficial temporal artery samples, and 6 rabbit aneurysm samples and 6 control samples were used for immunochemistry.

Proteomic analysis revealed 180 significantly differentially expressed proteins in human intracranial aneurysms and 716 significantly differentially expressed proteins in rabbit aneurysms. Among them, 57 proteins were differentially expressed in both species, in which 24 were increased and 33 were decreased in aneurysms compared to the control groups. Proteins were involved in focal adhesion and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction pathways. We found that COL4A2, MYLK, VCL, and TAGLN may be related to aneurysm development.

Proteomics analysis provided fundamental insights into the pathogenesis of aneurysm. Proteins related to focal adhesion and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction pathways play an important role in the occurrence and development of intracranial aneurysm.

Proteomics analysis provided fundamental insights into the pathogenesis of aneurysm. Proteins related to focal adhesion and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction pathways play an important role in the occurrence and development of intracranial aneurysm.

Browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) is a promising approach to obesity treatment. During browning, WAT transforms into beige adipose tissue through stimulation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Nutmeg, one of the Indonesian herbs, reportedly has dual roles as a PPARα/γ partial agonist. Even though nutmeg has been traditionally used in body weight reduction, there is limited information regarding the potential role of nutmeg in browning of WAT.

In this study, we explored the effect of nutmeg seed extract (NuSE) as a potential inductor of WAT browning.

Twelve male Wistar rats, 5-6weeks old, were divided into control and nutmeg groups. The rats in nutmeg group were given NuSE for 12weeks by oral gavage. After 12weeks, the rat's inguinal WAT and brown adipose tissue (BAT) were collected, weighed and stored at-80°C until use.

We observed that even though NuSE did not reduce the final body weight, it significantly reduced body weight gain. NuSE also increased protein levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) significantly and tended to increase UCP2 and UCP1 levels. Furthermore, NuSE induced macroscopic and microscopic morphological changes of inguinal WAT, marked by significantly increased adipocyte numbers and decreased adipocyte size.

Even though NuSE did not increase UCP1 significantly, it potentially alters inguinal WAT characteristics and leads to browning through PGC-1α and UCP3 induction. However, UCP3's specific mechanism in WAT browning remains unclear. Our findings could contribute to obesity treatment in the future.

Even though NuSE did not increase UCP1 significantly, it potentially alters inguinal WAT characteristics and leads to browning through PGC-1α and UCP3 induction. However, UCP3's specific mechanism in WAT browning remains unclear. Our findings could contribute to obesity treatment in the future.