Lunashepherd1132

.Sex differentiation disorders (SDD) is the discrepancy between the genetic, gonadal and phenotypic sex of the child. Treatment of children with this pathology is a multidisciplinary problem relating to the different aspects of pediatric urology-andrology. The pediatric urologist-andrologist, who, in addition to the pediatric endocrinologist and genetics, examines newborns with sex differentiation disorders in perinatal centers and outpatient department, should be informed about proper diagnostic evaluation of children with such pathology. The presence of ambiguous genitalia requires such measures, as an exclusion of life-threatening conditions associated with virializing congenital adrenal hyperplasia in girls; determination of the chromosomal gender as a basis when choosing a legal gender for a child, the study of the hormonal status at an early age of 3-6 months to determine a prognosis of the gonadal hormonal function, an identification of exact variant of the SDD. Following the diagnostic algorithm at an early age with a proper sequence, patient referring determines the success of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.Implantation of three-piece penile prosthesis is a gold standard in patients with severe erectile dysfunction. Currently, three surgical approach (scrotal, suprapubic and subcoronal) are used for prosthetic implantation. A method of implantation for three-piece penile prosthesis is still under discussion. The literature dedicated to an influence of surgical approach on the results of implantation for three-piece penile prosthesis in patients with severe erectile dysfunction is reviewed. The advantages and drawbacks of each technique are mentioned.Currently, prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most important problem of modern medicine, including economical issue. The detection of PCa compared to any other cancers progressively increases with age. Currently, PCa is the most commonly diagnosed solid tumor. Radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy are considered standard of treatment for PCa. However, while excellent long-term oncologic results can be achieved, these methods are often associated with significant complication rate, which negatively affects the quality of life of patients. Technological advancement and their implementation in medicine have increased treatment opportunities in oncourology. The purpose of this literature review is to study alternative treatment methods of localized PCa and compare their efficiency with conventional therapy.Delayed ejaculation is a form of sexual disorders, which is characterized by constant or intermittent delays or absence of ejaculation and orgasm, despite normal sexual arousal and erectile function. Delayed ejaculation is one of the most studied and rare types of male sexual dysfunctions, which leads to depression, anxiety, and often is a reason of low self-esteem, reduced satisfaction of a man with his partner, and worsening of relationships between partners. In some cases, delayed ejaculation and anejaculation cause infertility. selleck inhibitor Current views on epidemiology, diagnostics and treatment strategy of delayed ejaculation are presented in the article.The lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and erectile dysfunction (ED) are an important medical and social problem. Combination of LUTS and ED is usually underdiagnosed. Selective phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5I) are recommended for treatment of both conditions. The aim of this review is to identify the best PDE5I for simultaneous treatment LUTS and ED.The significance of diabetes is not only due to its high prevalence, but also to its serious complications. Urinary disturbances, which are referred as diabetic cystopathy, are among the most common complications of diabetes. The current data on the prevalence, manifestations, and possible pathogenesis of diabetic cystopathy are presented in the review of literature.Postoperative stress urinary incontinence has a significant effect on reducing the quality of life of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. This review discusses the existing methods for correcting this condition, described in the world literature and which to one degree or another improve the quality of life of patients in this category. Analysis of present data shows that currently there are 4 main basic techniques during radical prostatectomy, which allow to statistically significantly improve of functional results. In particular, usage of this methodic allows reducing the frequency and degree of postoperative incontinence 1) preservation of neurovascular bundles, 2) anterior and/or posterior reconstruction of the fascial spaces of the pelvis, 3) preservation of the maximum length of the membranous urethra, 4) reconstruction of the bladder neck. Preservation of the neurovascular bundles, anterior and/or posterior reconstruction of the pelvic fascial spaces have already proven themselves as effective techniques currently used by many surgeons. In contrast, the clinical utility of reserve the maximum possible length of the membranous urethra and reconstructive surgery of the bladder neck are relatively new techniques. Their clinical usefulness, as well as safety, continues to be studied.In modern clinical practice, antimicrobial resistance creates a significant problem for the effective metaphylaxis of various infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary system. Annually, researchers note an increasing number of mutations in the genomes of bacteria that cause infectious diseases, which leads to the appearance of more aggressive strains. The inefficiency of antibiotic therapy requires to a search for alternative methods for treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. use of viruses that infect bacteria (bacteriophages) represent one of such methods. A literature review of recent publications indicates that phage therapy has been gained significant increase. The general aspects of phage therapy, mechanism of action, as well as the existing possibilities and limitations of phage therapy in treatment and prevention of infectious diseases of the urinary system are highlighted in this article.